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Economies of Scale in Cannabis - Moving from lab-scale CO2 Extraction (SFE) to production-scale
WEBVTT Kind: captions Language: en
00:00:01.639 hello everyone and welcome to today's 00:00:04.03900:00:04.049 live broadcast economies of scale in 00:00:07.28000:00:07.290 cannabis moving from lab scale co2 00:00:10.45000:00:10.460 supercritical fluid extraction to 00:00:13.49000:00:13.500 production scale presented by the lit 00:00:16.57000:00:16.580 tortilla the president and CEO of thark 00:00:20.17900:00:20.189 energy I'm Suzy Valdez elaborate and 00:00:22.97000:00:22.980 I'll be your moderator for today's event 00:00:24.97000:00:24.980 we're delighted to bring you this 00:00:27.14000:00:27.150 educational web seminar presented by lab 00:00:30.01900:00:30.029 roots lab roots is the leading 00:00:31.97000:00:31.980 scientific social networking website and 00:00:34.43000:00:34.440 producer of educational virtual events 00:00:36.59000:00:36.600 and webinars before we begin I want to 00:00:39.22900:00:39.239 remind everyone that this event is 00:00:41.38000:00:41.390 interactive we encourage you to 00:00:43.22000:00:43.230 participate by submitting as many 00:00:44.86900:00:44.879 questions as you want at anytime you 00:00:46.88000:00:46.890 want during the presentation just click 00:00:49.31000:00:49.320 on the ask a question box located on the 00:00:51.95000:00:51.960 far left of your screen type your 00:00:54.52900:00:54.539 questions into the drop Docs that appear 00:00:56.66000:00:56.670 on that screen and we'll answer as many 00:00:58.72900:00:58.739 questions as we have time for at the end 00:01:00.47000:01:00.480 of the presentation if you have any 00:01:02.45000:01:02.460 trouble seeing or hearing this 00:01:03.92000:01:03.930 presentation click on the help desk 00:01:05.78000:01:05.790 button located on the promotional board 00:01:07.82000:01:07.830 at the bottom center of your screen or 00:01:09.77000:01:09.780 use the ask a question box to let us 00:01:12.95000:01:12.960 know you're having a problem this 00:01:14.75000:01:14.760 presentation is educational and thus 00:01:16.88000:01:16.890 offers continuing education credits 00:01:19.01000:01:19.020 click on the continuing education 00:01:21.53000:01:21.540 credits tab located on the top right 00:01:23.96000:01:23.970 corner of the presentation window and 00:01:25.78900:01:25.799 follow the process to obtain those 00:01:27.95000:01:27.960 credits please join me now in welcoming 00:01:30.13000:01:30.140 dr. Georgia I will now turn the 00:01:32.81000:01:32.820 presentation over to him welcome sir 00:01:38.02000:01:38.030 good afternoon thank you for that 00:01:41.14900:01:41.159 introduction I appreciate it and welcome 00:01:44.06000:01:44.070 to all of you 00:01:44.92900:01:44.939 this is lull in Saudia I'm the CEO of 00:01:47.66000:01:47.670 thought process and today I want to talk 00:01:51.83000:01:51.840 about supercritical fluid extraction in 00:01:55.67000:01:55.680 particular but in general cannabis 00:01:57.77000:01:57.780 extraction we'll start off with a 00:02:00.83000:02:00.840 background on thought and course 00:02:02.84000:02:02.850 experience in supercritical the 00:02:05.12000:02:05.130 different extraction techniques that are 00:02:07.34000:02:07.350 out there and we'll follow up with 00:02:09.76000:02:09.770 issues related with scale and scale up 00:02:13.27000:02:13.280 supercritical both on the extraction 00:02:16.03000:02:16.040 side and also on the purification side 00:02:18.87000:02:18.880 but those who do not know what's 00:02:22.29000:02:22.300 supercritical is you'll see a slide on 00:02:25.27000:02:25.280 the right-hand side and at the extreme 00:02:27.88000:02:27.890 right you will see a point which says a 00:02:30.46000:02:30.470 critical point as long as you operate 00:02:33.58000:02:33.590 out the critical pressure and the 00:02:36.79000:02:36.800 critical temperature you're in the 00:02:38.89000:02:38.900 supercritical region that is what we are 00:02:41.80000:02:41.810 working with here now if you look at the 00:02:44.08000:02:44.090 horizontal line at the critical point as 00:02:47.14000:02:47.150 long as you are above this point and 00:02:49.15000:02:49.160 horizontally you can decrease the 00:02:52.18000:02:52.190 pressure you can increase the 00:02:54.16000:02:54.170 temperature you can play with all of 00:02:56.77000:02:56.780 these parameters to get the right 00:02:59.05000:02:59.060 extraction conditions you need or the 00:03:01.75000:03:01.760 process you're trying to do now at the 00:03:05.77000:03:05.780 very end I'll summarize with all the 00:03:08.14000:03:08.150 lessons that we have learned today so to 00:03:11.53000:03:11.540 give you back the history of 00:03:13.39000:03:13.400 supercritical here in 1982 we started a 00:03:17.97900:03:17.989 company called super X we were the first 00:03:21.24000:03:21.250 supercritical company in the whole world 00:03:23.81900:03:23.829 so you can see the background we have 00:03:26.25900:03:26.269 been doing this for the last 35 years in 00:03:29.89000:03:29.900 Super X we developed instrumentation 00:03:33.50900:03:33.519 specifically focused on extraction and 00:03:36.43000:03:36.440 chromatography we launched the first 00:03:39.13000:03:39.140 capillary SFC in the world and 00:03:41.02000:03:41.030 ultimately the company was sold to Isco 00:03:44.89000:03:44.900 in 1990 I started far in 1990 in 1990 we 00:03:51.58000:03:51.590 started working on various equipment for 00:03:54.43000:03:54.440 supercritical but not the analytical 00:03:56.59000:03:56.600 site we made pilot plant and production 00:03:59.50000:03:59.510 scale onwards you know we went on to 00:04:03.19000:04:03.200 spin out number of divisions from tar 00:04:05.56000:04:05.570 and we started building large-scale 00:04:08.47000:04:08.480 systems and we have built over 20 00:04:11.92000:04:11.930 production scale I'm talking about 500 00:04:15.00900:04:15.019 liter thousand liter systems in the last 00:04:17.86000:04:17.870 ten years between 2007 and 2010 we have 00:04:26.67000:04:26.680 done a number of different things we 00:04:28.89000:04:28.900 built a prep scale SFC on words build 00:04:33.81000:04:33.820 the largest act colonists have seen in 00:04:36.71900:04:36.729 the world 00:04:37.26000:04:37.270 we built a counter-current column going 00:04:39.65900:04:39.669 up to 30 feet long where he can do 00:04:41.93900:04:41.949 separations instead of using a 00:04:44.46000:04:44.470 chromatographic separation we can use a 00:04:46.50000:04:46.510 counter-current separation then in 2011 00:04:49.80000:04:49.810 we built a large facility at the back of 00:04:52.35000:04:52.360 our building that we are located today 00:04:54.62900:04:54.639 it is a 25,000 GMP facility where we 00:04:58.37900:04:58.389 extract astaxanthin which is a 00:05:02.68900:05:02.699 antioxidant from algae called America 00:05:05.55000:05:05.560 blue Wallis and late last year we 00:05:08.10000:05:08.110 doubled that capacity so right now we 00:05:10.65000:05:10.660 are one of the largest if not the 00:05:12.96000:05:12.970 largest algae producing company in the 00:05:16.77000:05:16.780 world over here algae extract essay 00:05:18.62900:05:18.639 using supercritical fluids the 00:05:21.12000:05:21.130 extraction pressure is fairly large 00:05:23.64000:05:23.650 you're talking about 15,000 pounds of 00:05:26.64000:05:26.650 pressure so it's one of the highest 00:05:28.87900:05:28.889 extraction systems in the world onwards 00:05:32.04000:05:32.050 we have moved into also making 00:05:34.70000:05:34.710 chromatographic separation equipment 00:05:37.32000:05:37.330 which is HPLC and SFC we do both 00:05:40.58900:05:40.599 depending on the sample and we have 00:05:43.35000:05:43.360 built a 600 mm which is a 24 an inch ID 00:05:46.83000:05:46.840 column three of them for a 00:05:49.05000:05:49.060 pharmaceutical company overseas so we 00:05:52.02000:05:52.030 have a strong background in both 00:05:54.33000:05:54.340 extraction and chromatographic 00:05:56.43000:05:56.440 separations the mission of thought 00:06:00.65900:06:00.669 process is to be a global leader in 00:06:02.76000:06:02.770 supercritical fluid technology and 00:06:05.18900:06:05.199 equipment by providing solutions 00:06:07.58900:06:07.599 involving involving chemistry design 00:06:10.20000:06:10.210 process development and optimization we 00:06:13.08000:06:13.090 take our customers from concept through 00:06:15.02000:06:15.030 commercialization our competitive 00:06:18.75000:06:18.760 advantage in this critical area we are 00:06:22.40900:06:22.419 the most experienced supercritical only 00:06:25.26000:06:25.270 company we have been doing this for the 00:06:26.90900:06:26.919 last 35 years we didn't start this a few 00:06:30.39000:06:30.400 years ago when the medical marijuana 00:06:32.81000:06:32.820 extraction market came into force 00:06:35.58000:06:35.590 we have been doing supercritical long 00:06:38.27900:06:38.289 before people on green tea 00:06:40.50000:06:40.510 nology was fashionable from a design 00:06:44.16000:06:44.170 point of view we bring all the different 00:06:46.29000:06:46.300 process and equipment telic technologies 00:06:49.02000:06:49.030 together we manufacture our own 00:06:51.09000:06:51.100 equipment so we put things together 00:06:52.86000:06:52.870 which is optimized solutions based on 00:06:57.15000:06:57.160 the initial feasibility studies all the 00:06:59.79000:06:59.800 way through production and all systems 00:07:03.21000:07:03.220 as I mentioned earlier and major 00:07:04.86000:07:04.870 components are designed developed and 00:07:06.60000:07:06.610 assembled and one warranted by our 00:07:09.42000:07:09.430 process and this is all done out of 00:07:11.61000:07:11.620 Pittsburgh 00:07:12.45000:07:12.460 Sylvania lastly we are customer centered 00:07:17.46000:07:17.470 partnerships from proof of concept 00:07:19.32000:07:19.330 through commercialization or their 00:07:21.81000:07:21.820 production solution of choice so we are 00:07:24.42000:07:24.430 very customer friendly company so the 00:07:27.90000:07:27.910 examples of work that can be done with 00:07:29.97000:07:29.980 supercritical is you can do polymer 00:07:32.19000:07:32.200 purification you can remove solvents 00:07:34.29000:07:34.300 from synthetic DNA astaxanthin from 00:07:36.81000:07:36.820 algae you can do a less intense recovery 00:07:39.90000:07:39.910 of residual specialty oils extraction of 00:07:42.72000:07:42.730 spices flavors fragrance fragrances and 00:07:45.36000:07:45.370 any active ingredient from herbs in 00:07:48.09000:07:48.100 short if the wood oil is used we can 00:07:50.91000:07:50.920 probably extracted from the natural 00:07:53.97000:07:53.980 product besides extraction supercritical 00:07:56.76000:07:56.770 can be used for reactions impregnation 00:07:59.85000:07:59.860 scouting so there's a variety of 00:08:02.07000:08:02.080 applications that you can use it for and 00:08:04.32000:08:04.330 if you are trying to make specialty 00:08:06.60000:08:06.610 products using these cannabinoids you 00:08:10.41000:08:10.420 can use the impregnation technology to 00:08:13.29000:08:13.300 do it for any kind of applications you 00:08:17.25000:08:17.260 might have the what I'm going to start 00:08:22.86000:08:22.870 off today is talk about different 00:08:25.02000:08:25.030 extraction technologies there are really 00:08:29.19000:08:29.200 five of them out there you can do with 00:08:32.04000:08:32.050 ice water which is one of the oldest 00:08:34.20000:08:34.210 techniques where you take your 00:08:37.13000:08:37.140 cannabinoids you take your plant 00:08:39.60000:08:39.610 material grind it up put it in ice water 00:08:41.76000:08:41.770 and since THC and CBD and all the 00:08:45.03000:08:45.040 cannabinoids are heavier they settle 00:08:47.25000:08:47.260 down on the bottom it's a very simple 00:08:49.89000:08:49.900 process but the overall extraction 00:08:51.96000:08:51.970 efficiencies you can 00:08:54.33000:08:54.340 use hydro cam solvents like propane 00:08:56.85000:08:56.860 butane hexane these are all nonpolar 00:08:59.58000:08:59.590 solvents very similar to supercritical 00:09:01.95000:09:01.960 co2 but the disadvantage of these they 00:09:05.94000:09:05.950 are highly explosive so you have to have 00:09:08.76000:09:08.770 explosion proof requirements and there 00:09:11.43000:09:11.440 are a lot of regulate ratios and how 00:09:13.74000:09:13.750 much you can have these solvents at your 00:09:17.64000:09:17.650 building and you know constraints 00:09:20.52000:09:20.530 associated with that and that is a you 00:09:23.43000:09:23.440 know always a worry of explosion so you 00:09:25.32000:09:25.330 have to be a little careful about the 00:09:28.02000:09:28.030 other technique which is the RSO which 00:09:30.39000:09:30.400 is similar to the hydrocarbons but 00:09:32.22000:09:32.230 instead of using propane butane and xane 00:09:34.35000:09:34.360 you're using naphtha or isopropyl 00:09:36.36000:09:36.370 alcohol the process is still very 00:09:38.34000:09:38.350 similar the other extraction solvent 00:09:43.05000:09:43.060 which is becoming popular these days is 00:09:45.12000:09:45.130 ethanol ethanol is significantly more 00:09:47.55000:09:47.560 polar than co2 so the kind of compounds 00:09:51.81000:09:51.820 the selectivity is very different the 00:09:54.99000:09:55.000 ethanol is a very good solvent because 00:09:57.21000:09:57.220 it is physiologically compatible but 00:10:00.51000:10:00.520 again from a regulatory point of view 00:10:02.28000:10:02.290 there are restrictions on how much you 00:10:04.56000:10:04.570 can use so if you're trying to scale 00:10:06.18000:10:06.190 this it becomes a regulatory nightmare 00:10:10.20000:10:10.210 to handle methanol on a scale the last 00:10:13.92000:10:13.930 of course that we are talking about 00:10:15.81000:10:15.820 today is supercritical co2 and we 00:10:18.48000:10:18.490 believe supercritical co2 is great 00:10:21.27000:10:21.280 solvent and the question is why and if 00:10:24.36000:10:24.370 you look at the list here first we start 00:10:27.12000:10:27.130 with it's a zero global warming 00:10:28.83000:10:28.840 potential it's a zero ozone depletion 00:10:31.80000:10:31.810 potential physiologically compatible 00:10:35.07000:10:35.080 it's inexpensive and available 00:10:37.11000:10:37.120 everywhere you're talking about one 00:10:39.57000:10:39.580 hundred and fifty dollars a ton which is 00:10:42.30000:10:42.310 really inexpensive and the most 00:10:45.09000:10:45.100 important is he does not need any 00:10:47.19000:10:47.200 explosion proof requirements so you can 00:10:49.89000:10:49.900 almost put it up anywhere the other 00:10:52.77000:10:52.780 advantage of supercritical is by varying 00:10:55.14000:10:55.150 the temperature and pressure you can 00:10:58.32000:10:58.330 extract different things and by running 00:11:02.07000:11:02.080 a low temperature extraction you can get 00:11:04.65000:11:04.660 high selectivity but the negative of 00:11:07.83000:11:07.840 load 00:11:08.19900:11:08.209 Reiter extraction is that you have a 00:11:10.29900:11:10.309 high solvent to feed ratio so you have 00:11:12.69900:11:12.709 to run the co2 that you are using for 00:11:16.32900:11:16.339 now you know about a factor of 10 in the 00:11:19.84000:11:19.850 same overall extraction efficiency on 00:11:23.23000:11:23.240 the other hand you can increase the 00:11:24.93900:11:24.949 temperature so you can do high 00:11:26.53000:11:26.540 temperature and high pressure and you 00:11:28.72000:11:28.730 get a very high efficiency of extraction 00:11:30.87900:11:30.889 but the selectivity is low so you end up 00:11:33.99900:11:34.009 extracting things like waxes which you 00:11:37.17900:11:37.189 have to remove further and but overall 00:11:40.96000:11:40.970 the solvent to fade ratio is low which 00:11:43.48000:11:43.490 means you get high productivity so there 00:11:46.11900:11:46.129 is advantages and disadvantages of any 00:11:49.50900:11:49.519 of these things that you do you have to 00:11:51.73000:11:51.740 look at the pros and cons decide what is 00:11:54.34000:11:54.350 the right thing for you now in a typical 00:11:57.73000:11:57.740 process you can see the schematic on the 00:11:59.98000:11:59.990 left-hand side of the screen you have a 00:12:02.67900:12:02.689 pump where you can pressurize the 00:12:05.51900:12:05.529 vertical co2 and it goes you preheat it 00:12:09.51900:12:09.529 then it goes into the extraction vessel 00:12:11.61900:12:11.629 you extracted you depressurize it and 00:12:14.31900:12:14.329 you collect it in a separator and the 00:12:16.50900:12:16.519 co2 comes out and you recycle so the 00:12:19.29900:12:19.309 major components here are pumps vessels 00:12:22.44900:12:22.459 and separators these are the three major 00:12:24.85000:12:24.860 components that govern the scale of 00:12:28.32900:12:28.339 issues and you can get these vessels all 00:12:32.07900:12:32.089 the way down from you know one liter 00:12:34.17900:12:34.189 five liter to as much as 500 liters or 00:12:37.17900:12:37.189 larger depending on who you go to now 00:12:42.10000:12:42.110 when you come to sizing the important 00:12:44.76900:12:44.779 question you have here is how do you 00:12:47.35000:12:47.360 determine what size you need when you do 00:12:50.37900:12:50.389 scale up the first and foremost question 00:12:53.04900:12:53.059 that comes here is what is the solvent 00:12:54.99900:12:55.009 to fade ratio you do that trials on a 00:12:58.92900:12:58.939 lab scale 5 liter system and then 00:13:02.04900:13:02.059 determine what's the solvent to feed 00:13:03.81900:13:03.829 ratio the reason this is important is as 00:13:06.63900:13:06.649 I mentioned earlier I'm preacher and 00:13:09.16000:13:09.170 pressure play a major role in the 00:13:11.55900:13:11.569 extraction so if you are doing low 00:13:13.32900:13:13.339 temperatures you may need a solvent to 00:13:15.63900:13:15.649 repay ratio of e 120 and if you do high 00:13:19.96000:13:19.970 pressure and high temperature the 00:13:21.87900:13:21.889 to feed ratios so solvent to feed ratio 00:13:25.92900:13:25.939 controls your sizing so that's the first 00:13:28.59900:13:28.609 thing you need to know once you know 00:13:30.93900:13:30.949 solvent to feed ratio you define what is 00:13:33.75900:13:33.769 the capacity you're going for is it in 00:13:36.87900:13:36.889 kilos at a 100 kilos a day at Sun a day 00:13:39.97000:13:39.980 what is the capacity and based on the 00:13:43.53900:13:43.549 capacity and the solvent to feed ratio 00:13:45.84900:13:45.859 they'll get you a number which is the 00:13:48.69900:13:48.709 total amount of co2 that you need on a 00:13:51.03900:13:51.049 daily basis and the next question 00:13:54.18900:13:54.199 becomes once you have this number 00:13:56.71000:13:56.720 whether you're doing this in a 8 hour 00:13:59.25900:13:59.269 time frame or a 24 hour time frame you 00:14:02.10900:14:02.119 can calculate the pump flow rate so we 00:14:05.07900:14:05.089 start with the basic thing here pump 00:14:07.65900:14:07.669 flow rate defines your capacity it does 00:14:11.04900:14:11.059 not the vessel size which is what 00:14:13.21000:14:13.220 everybody thinks it is actually the pump 00:14:16.44900:14:16.459 flow rate if you have a small pump and 00:14:18.93900:14:18.949 you put a little and if you even double 00:14:22.11900:14:22.129 the size of the vessel it doesn't mean 00:14:24.57900:14:24.589 that your capacity has gone up because 00:14:27.54900:14:27.559 the capacity is controlled by what is 00:14:29.76900:14:29.779 the flow rate of the pot so that is the 00:14:32.13900:14:32.149 most critical thing from a scale a point 00:14:34.47900:14:34.489 of view is defining the pump flow rate 00:14:36.90900:14:36.919 which is a function of the solvent to 00:14:39.24900:14:39.259 feed ratio and the capacity that you 00:14:41.59000:14:41.600 need 00:14:42.53900:14:42.549 once you define the pump flow rate then 00:14:45.51900:14:45.529 you what you do is you design the vessel 00:14:48.00900:14:48.019 diameter and the vessel diameter is 00:14:50.53000:14:50.540 defined by the linear velocity of this 00:14:53.61900:14:53.629 flow rate inside the vessel if you have 00:14:57.57900:14:57.589 a very large vessel diameter and you 00:15:02.01900:15:02.029 have a very low linear velocity and if 00:15:04.90000:15:04.910 you have a very small vessel diameter 00:15:06.40000:15:06.410 you have a very high linear velocity if 00:15:08.76900:15:08.779 you have a run high linear velocity the 00:15:15.53900:15:15.549 herbs or the plant material will go to 00:15:19.50900:15:19.519 the other end of the vessel and get 00:15:21.24900:15:21.259 stuck potentially plugging it so you 00:15:25.56900:15:25.579 want to make sure you have an optimum 00:15:27.57900:15:27.589 and there are numbers that we use over 00:15:30.40000:15:30.410 here typically in the range of 20 feet 00:15:34.05900:15:34.069 per second 00:15:35.16000:15:35.170 so we use those to calculate what the 00:15:38.40000:15:38.410 vessel diameter should be once we do the 00:15:41.91000:15:41.920 vessel diameter we define the vessel 00:15:44.28000:15:44.290 size by determining the vessel length 00:15:46.80000:15:46.810 and that gives us the total diameter 00:15:49.25000:15:49.260 total volume of the vessel between e 00:15:52.79000:15:52.800 lastly this what I want to mention here 00:15:57.03000:15:57.040 is the subcritical co2 extraction which 00:16:00.21000:16:00.220 has high solvent afid ratios will force 00:16:04.13900:16:04.149 you to use a vessel which has a very 00:16:06.63000:16:06.640 large in diameter which obviously 00:16:09.06000:16:09.070 increases the cost because of the 00:16:10.62000:16:10.630 pressure while the supercritical 00:16:13.82900:16:13.839 extraction which is high-pressure 00:16:15.32900:16:15.339 high-temperature has much lower solvent 00:16:17.91000:16:17.920 to feed ratios so you come up with 00:16:21.26900:16:21.279 sizing for a large scale or on a scale 00:16:24.60000:16:24.610 of issue now I can show you some vessel 00:16:28.11000:16:28.120 equipment that are available in the 00:16:29.88000:16:29.890 marketplace the one on the left that you 00:16:32.61000:16:32.620 see typically a water's pro provides 00:16:35.16000:16:35.170 five liter systems to ten liter systems 00:16:38.44900:16:38.459 the one in the middle it's medium scale 00:16:41.75900:16:41.769 you can get them from apex and one on 00:16:44.69900:16:44.709 the right is a large scale system and 00:16:48.06000:16:48.070 this is 750 liter to vessel system so 00:16:52.71000:16:52.720 total of 1500 meters this one actually 00:16:55.50000:16:55.510 operates at 15,000 pounds of pressure 00:16:58.35000:16:58.360 that I talked to you earlier about and 00:17:00.12000:17:00.130 we extract astaxanthin so this is our 00:17:03.15000:17:03.160 system at our facility in Pittsburgh so 00:17:05.28000:17:05.290 you can get variety of sizes and you 00:17:07.40900:17:07.419 need to size them based on the previous 00:17:10.47000:17:10.480 slide that I showed and come up with the 00:17:13.04900:17:13.059 size that you need so again talking 00:17:17.30900:17:17.319 about scale up issues over here how do 00:17:21.60000:17:21.610 you calculate cost here's from our 00:17:23.90900:17:23.919 experience we say capital cost is y 00:17:27.84000:17:27.850 power X in other words if you had to 00:17:31.62000:17:31.630 double the size so Y is a factor of two 00:17:35.13000:17:35.140 and we power it to point six eight then 00:17:38.40000:17:38.410 the capital cost will go up by one point 00:17:40.26000:17:40.270 six so it's not linear it's not a 00:17:43.74000:17:43.750 logarithmic the power is typically 00:17:48.93000:17:48.940 powerup point six eight so every time 00:17:51.24000:17:51.250 you double the size you can assume the 00:17:53.67000:17:53.680 capital cost goes up by a factor of one 00:17:56.28000:17:56.290 point six typically the utility cost is 00:18:03.21000:18:03.220 a function of flow rate which largely 00:18:05.64000:18:05.650 remains the same on a per pound basis 00:18:09.42000:18:09.430 when you process it so you don't get 00:18:11.76000:18:11.770 much reduction by going a scale up maybe 00:18:14.34000:18:14.350 about three percent for every doubling 00:18:16.83000:18:16.840 of the flow rate so you don't get a 00:18:18.30000:18:18.310 substantial reduction on utility casting 00:18:21.99000:18:22.000 and finally you come to labor the 00:18:25.59000:18:25.600 unfortunate part of labor is labor 00:18:27.87000:18:27.880 remains the same whether use you use a 00:18:31.05000:18:31.060 five liter system or a hundred liter 00:18:33.66000:18:33.670 system or a thousand liter system so 00:18:36.50000:18:36.510 labor becomes the largest portion of 00:18:40.26000:18:40.270 your cost and as you scale up labor 00:18:44.37000:18:44.380 becomes a smaller portion of the overall 00:18:46.50000:18:46.510 overall cost so it's very critical for 00:18:49.68000:18:49.690 you if you want to drive the overall 00:18:52.50000:18:52.510 cost down to scale up and scale up to as 00:18:55.56000:18:55.570 large scale as possible the the other 00:19:05.70000:19:05.710 way to design your system is to have 00:19:09.06000:19:09.070 different configurations the basic 00:19:12.60000:19:12.610 system is you have one vessel and one 00:19:15.54000:19:15.550 pump and that simple straightforward you 00:19:18.51000:19:18.520 have a vessel a pump and a separator you 00:19:21.30000:19:21.310 are done that's what most people sell 00:19:23.70000:19:23.710 you can go from here and say how do I 00:19:28.11000:19:28.120 increase my Cassity you can have two 00:19:32.43000:19:32.440 vessels and one pump and while the first 00:19:34.98000:19:34.990 one is running you can load the second 00:19:38.46000:19:38.470 vessel vessel get it ready and get it 00:19:41.16000:19:41.170 moving and that will give you a 30% 00:19:43.95000:19:43.960 increase in capacity that's a typical 00:19:46.92000:19:46.930 number sometimes it's a little high 00:19:48.75000:19:48.760 sometimes it's a little low it all 00:19:50.64000:19:50.650 depends on what your total extraction 00:19:54.24000:19:54.250 time is shorter the extraction time 00:19:57.14000:19:57.150 greater effect it has longer the 00:19:59.82000:19:59.830 extraction time less effect it has so 00:20:02.07000:20:02.080 you can 00:20:02.58000:20:02.590 who from a one vessel to a two vessel 00:20:04.68000:20:04.690 system and all you are doing is adding a 00:20:07.01900:20:07.029 cost of a vessel and couple valves and 00:20:09.48000:20:09.490 that immediately increases your capacity 00:20:11.87900:20:11.889 by about thirty percent the next thing 00:20:15.23900:20:15.249 you can do is a see this configuration 00:20:16.99900:20:17.009 this is very interesting so what do you 00:20:19.68000:20:19.690 do what you have here is three vessels 00:20:22.20000:20:22.210 and two of them are connected in series 00:20:26.34000:20:26.350 and you have only one pump so the same 00:20:29.27900:20:29.289 pump that you used in the first two 00:20:31.37900:20:31.389 configurations you can use in the third 00:20:33.33000:20:33.340 one and this co2 will go from the first 00:20:36.60000:20:36.610 vessel to the second vessel and because 00:20:40.10900:20:40.119 you have two vessels in series you have 00:20:42.57000:20:42.580 the highest extraction efficiency in 00:20:46.40900:20:46.419 other words if the first in the second 00:20:48.57000:20:48.580 one gave you a 80% extraction efficiency 00:20:52.47000:20:52.480 for the same conditions problem you'll 00:20:55.47000:20:55.480 definitely get more than 80% it could be 00:20:58.13900:20:58.149 85 it could be 90 it's a function of the 00:21:00.77900:21:00.789 application but it's the highest you can 00:21:04.08000:21:04.090 get and while the first two are running 00:21:07.79900:21:07.809 the third one is being unloaded cleaned 00:21:10.68000:21:10.690 and loaded back again so then then you 00:21:13.85900:21:13.869 switch and you take the second one out 00:21:17.66900:21:17.679 put the third one in front of the first 00:21:20.34000:21:20.350 one and you continue the process and you 00:21:22.83000:21:22.840 continue this every time so you will be 00:21:25.64900:21:25.659 able to get the same 30% as the previous 00:21:29.66900:21:29.679 one but your overall extraction 00:21:32.43000:21:32.440 efficiency will be higher and you'll 00:21:34.44000:21:34.450 come out with more material the material 00:21:37.47000:21:37.480 that you're looking for that's important 00:21:39.74900:21:39.759 and the other option here is you can 00:21:43.28900:21:43.299 have three vessels and two pumps 00:21:48.72000:21:48.730 actually and that will double the flow 00:21:50.82000:21:50.830 rate or you can have one pump with 2x 00:21:52.83000:21:52.840 the flow rate and you can get 2.6 X 00:21:56.22000:21:56.230 which is the highest extraction 00:21:58.59000:21:58.600 configuration from that point of view 00:22:00.47000:22:00.480 the last one is you can do a parallel 00:22:03.02900:22:03.039 configuration which is two vessels and 00:22:07.23000:22:07.240 two pumps which is literally double of 00:22:09.45000:22:09.460 the basic configuration that you see up 00:22:11.24900:22:11.259 there and that will get you to X the 00:22:13.23000:22:13.240 capacity but the only 00:22:15.19000:22:15.200 doesn't give you is the highest 00:22:17.43000:22:17.440 extraction efficiency which the serious 00:22:20.35000:22:20.360 configuration kills so you can play with 00:22:23.20000:22:23.210 these things depending on what your 00:22:27.03900:22:27.049 needs are and come up with the right 00:22:28.89900:22:28.909 configuration and the costing for each 00:22:31.41900:22:31.429 one is obviously very different the 00:22:34.60000:22:34.610 basic configuration and the parallel 00:22:36.34000:22:36.350 configuration are literally twice 2x and 00:22:40.02900:22:40.039 the capital cost will be 2x from that 00:22:43.33000:22:43.340 point of view and the most expensive is 00:22:45.66900:22:45.679 the three vessel one pump with two 00:22:47.71000:22:47.720 Explorer eight that will be the most 00:22:49.50900:22:49.519 expensive capital configuration but it 00:22:51.73000:22:51.740 also has the highest capacity so we use 00:22:55.06000:22:55.070 these different configurations to define 00:22:57.37000:22:57.380 what our scale-up are and what our 00:22:59.83000:22:59.840 configurations are to get to where we 00:23:03.27900:23:03.289 want to get you now the practicality is 00:23:07.09000:23:07.100 we believe that there's going to be 00:23:08.95000:23:08.960 market consolidation so far we have had 00:23:12.87900:23:12.889 a lot of people doing mom-and-pop 00:23:16.99000:23:17.000 operations with small systems as the 00:23:20.40900:23:20.419 market grows you will find that people 00:23:24.43000:23:24.440 with scale are going to win because 00:23:27.81000:23:27.820 labor is one of the largest portion of 00:23:31.06000:23:31.070 the overall costing which when we talked 00:23:34.36000:23:34.370 about in couple slides ago whether you 00:23:37.12000:23:37.130 have a 5-liter system or a hundred meter 00:23:39.34000:23:39.350 or a 500 liter system you need the same 00:23:41.86000:23:41.870 amount of labor so if you want to drive 00:23:44.47000:23:44.480 the overall costing down you reduce 00:23:48.00900:23:48.019 labor as a percentage and the only way 00:23:50.71000:23:50.720 to do that is by going scale now this 00:23:55.84000:23:55.850 has been shown to be true for other 00:23:58.37900:23:58.389 nutraceuticals and here are just three 00:24:00.78900:24:00.799 examples whether it's fish oil or Co Q 00:24:02.79900:24:02.809 10 or astaxanthin in all of these things 00:24:06.00900:24:06.019 scale wins and people end up moving from 00:24:09.58000:24:09.590 small-scale systems to large-scale 00:24:11.13900:24:11.149 systems and we expect this to be the 00:24:16.14900:24:16.159 same even for the canvas industry now 00:24:20.11000:24:20.120 the question becomes the next question 00:24:22.50900:24:22.519 becomes is when you get to scale are we 00:24:25.41900:24:25.429 better off contracting or be better of 00:24:28.29900:24:28.309 doing 00:24:28.72000:24:28.730 tassels that's a function of scale like 00:24:34.18000:24:34.190 in so the question if I do have to 00:24:36.64000:24:36.650 repeat the question should everyone whom 00:24:38.77000:24:38.780 they're SFE or will be less expensive to 00:24:41.65000:24:41.660 send it out to LA scale processors now 00:24:44.56000:24:44.570 in the whole food industry especially in 00:24:48.52000:24:48.530 the cannabis right now we do not have 00:24:51.28000:24:51.290 major regulations because cannabis is 00:24:55.81000:24:55.820 not looked well upon by the FDA but as 00:24:58.36000:24:58.370 soon as the regulations change you can 00:25:01.24000:25:01.250 expect significant regulations coming 00:25:03.64000:25:03.650 down to follow cGMP requirements for the 00:25:07.24000:25:07.250 extraction and once you say you have 00:25:10.09000:25:10.100 cgmp requirements for your product you 00:25:12.66900:25:12.679 have a ton of quality control procedures 00:25:16.24000:25:16.250 that you need to fall typically you may 00:25:20.47000:25:20.480 have three to five people dedicated to 00:25:23.11000:25:23.120 follow this cGMP requirements and as a 00:25:27.37000:25:27.380 percentage if you have a small 00:25:29.50000:25:29.510 operations they become very very 00:25:31.81000:25:31.820 expensive 00:25:32.71000:25:32.720 it also requires you to have in-house 00:25:36.03900:25:36.049 expertise or all the different things 00:25:38.79900:25:38.809 whether you need a mechanical engineer 00:25:40.96000:25:40.970 to maintain the equipment a chemical 00:25:43.18000:25:43.190 engineer to run the process or quality 00:25:47.71000:25:47.720 control people analytical people and 00:25:50.47000:25:50.480 especially if you want to anything that 00:25:53.35000:25:53.360 says we need certification we need cGMP 00:25:56.98000:25:56.990 certification we need kosher 00:25:58.90000:25:58.910 certification halal certification 00:26:00.49000:26:00.500 organic certification all of this 00:26:03.13000:26:03.140 requires significant amount of paperwork 00:26:05.62000:26:05.630 which drives the Casta should say kosta 00:26:11.74000:26:11.750 so what are our options our options are 00:26:14.44000:26:14.450 threefold right so you can have a co-op 00:26:17.74000:26:17.750 style for ethanol exchange the 00:26:20.68000:26:20.690 extractions of corn oil and canola oil 00:26:22.60000:26:22.610 you can see a number of farmers join 00:26:25.41900:26:25.429 together and they built their facility 00:26:27.73000:26:27.740 and that facility ran that on to extract 00:26:31.12000:26:31.130 the oil or canola to the oil you can do 00:26:33.70000:26:33.710 the same thing and we expect some of 00:26:35.40900:26:35.419 these to happen in the industry the 00:26:37.96000:26:37.970 other thing we also see is people will 00:26:40.81000:26:40.820 bring in 00:26:41.62000:26:41.630 while units will bring them to your 00:26:43.81000:26:43.820 facility and they will run it and they 00:26:46.84000:26:46.850 will run it because they have all the 00:26:48.85000:26:48.860 expertise which comes along with the 00:26:51.40000:26:51.410 mobile units so they'll run it produce 00:26:53.65000:26:53.660 the oil the oil that you want whether 00:26:55.81000:26:55.820 it's winter ice oil or refined oil or 00:26:58.45000:26:58.460 even the unrefined oil any of those 00:27:03.73000:27:03.740 things they can provide that for you so 00:27:06.52000:27:06.530 you will have places where people will 00:27:08.92000:27:08.930 drive in and attract one or two trailer 00:27:11.35000:27:11.360 trucks and provide these mobile units to 00:27:13.84000:27:13.850 process at your site and of course the 00:27:16.63000:27:16.640 last one is you'll find people who are 00:27:18.97000:27:18.980 set up large-scale contract 00:27:20.82000:27:20.830 processing facility where you can send 00:27:23.59000:27:23.600 the material to them and they will 00:27:24.91000:27:24.920 process it and send it back to you and 00:27:26.68000:27:26.690 they have all the quality control people 00:27:30.73000:27:30.740 the engineers everything to manage it so 00:27:33.31000:27:33.320 it on a per kg basis it could 00:27:35.95000:27:35.960 potentially drive the cost down so those 00:27:38.98000:27:38.990 are the three options that you have 00:27:40.87000:27:40.880 besides you building it yourself and 00:27:43.78000:27:43.790 maintaining it now when you go from 00:27:47.53000:27:47.540 extraction to purification it's the 00:27:51.61000:27:51.620 knowledge is even more critical than 00:27:53.68000:27:53.690 extraction chromatographic separations 00:27:56.32000:27:56.330 require a greater technical knowledge 00:27:58.92000:27:58.930 but the scale of issues are similar to 00:28:02.02000:28:02.030 extraction the regulatory issues are 00:28:04.51000:28:04.520 similar and so we have little ease the 00:28:09.34000:28:09.350 same scale of issues that we talked 00:28:12.16000:28:12.170 about for the extraction site what you 00:28:15.34000:28:15.350 see on the slide here is a prep scale 00:28:19.33000:28:19.340 system with three separators for a Croma 00:28:22.33000:28:22.340 drain a supercritical fluid 00:28:23.22000:28:23.230 chromatographic system and what you see 00:28:26.02000:28:26.030 on the right is the largest tack column 00:28:28.87000:28:28.880 for supercritical fluids built by car 00:28:30.88000:28:30.890 and it's in Malaysia they use it to 00:28:33.61000:28:33.620 separate the oils from palm oil so if 00:28:39.34000:28:39.350 you want if you're looking to do 00:28:41.08000:28:41.090 multiple kilograms per day then the 00:28:44.32000:28:44.330 first question that comes is you need a 00:28:47.34000:28:47.350 large diameter column and these columns 00:28:51.16000:28:51.170 are available all the way from a 00:28:54.08000:28:54.090 just to 24 inches and the pressure 00:28:56.63000:28:56.640 ratings on these columns have to be in 00:28:58.73000:28:58.740 the range of 175 to 300 bar and the flow 00:29:02.29900:29:02.309 rates of co2 and who solvent typically 00:29:05.57000:29:05.580 in this case is ethanol range as little 00:29:08.00000:29:08.010 as 5 kilos and memory to as much as 15 00:29:10.76000:29:10.770 kilos so those are the typical 00:29:13.26900:29:13.279 specifications for a multiple kilograms 00:29:16.34000:29:16.350 per day of chromatographic product and 00:29:20.91900:29:20.929 then the scale scalar parameters are 00:29:24.16900:29:24.179 very straightforward if you double the 00:29:26.96000:29:26.970 diameter of column the total amount that 00:29:31.46000:29:31.470 you can process is typically 4 times and 00:29:34.58000:29:34.590 the productivity is directly 00:29:36.47000:29:36.480 proportional to flow rate selectivity 00:29:39.28900:29:39.299 which is very critical for 00:29:40.78900:29:40.799 chromatographic it's a function of 00:29:42.83000:29:42.840 particle size smaller the particles you 00:29:45.56000:29:45.570 get a greater selectivity but the cost 00:29:47.72000:29:47.730 of the particles the chromatographic 00:29:51.64900:29:51.659 particles go up so you need to do an 00:29:54.88900:29:54.899 optimization typically we suggest 00:29:57.86000:29:57.870 something in the 10 to 15 micron range 00:30:00.95000:30:00.960 our probably the ideal particle size 00:30:03.79900:30:03.809 from a cost performance basis our speed 00:30:07.39900:30:07.409 capacity and selectivity are very 00:30:11.21000:30:11.220 closely interrelated in chromatographic 00:30:13.66900:30:13.679 systems you can get high-speed high 00:30:16.37000:30:16.380 capacity and high selectivity if we want 00:30:19.15900:30:19.169 all three of them then it the cost 00:30:22.00000:30:22.010 quadruples so you have to optimize this 00:30:25.01000:30:25.020 to get these solutions that you're 00:30:27.44000:30:27.450 looking for lastly I have couple slides 00:30:32.41900:30:32.429 here which I'd like to conclude my talk 00:30:36.04900:30:36.059 and talk about what lessons we have 00:30:39.88900:30:39.899 learned today 00:30:40.89900:30:40.909 the first one is sizing is a function of 00:30:44.38900:30:44.399 solvent to feed ratio the capacity of 00:30:48.13900:30:48.149 the pump the capacity of the system that 00:30:50.84000:30:50.850 you want we are looking for the pump 00:30:52.85000:30:52.860 flow rate the vessel linear velocity and 00:30:55.82000:30:55.830 all of that so those are all 00:30:58.03900:30:58.049 interrelated and you start with the 00:31:00.47000:31:00.480 solvent to feed ratio as a tea you get 00:31:03.08000:31:03.090 the rest of the kilometres subcritical 00:31:07.07000:31:07.080 extraction is very selective it's a 00:31:10.58000:31:10.590 great way to do it but it has a very 00:31:12.83000:31:12.840 high solvent to fade ratio and a lower 00:31:16.34000:31:16.350 efficiency so you have to pencil what 00:31:21.86000:31:21.870 kind of product you're looking for and 00:31:24.56000:31:24.570 if you're looking for winterized oil 00:31:28.45000:31:28.460 critical extraction is a good way to go 00:31:31.13000:31:31.140 without going through a thermal 00:31:32.69000:31:32.700 extraction and the packet the 00:31:36.59000:31:36.600 supercritical extraction has a much 00:31:39.13900:31:39.149 lower solvent to failure ratio typically 00:31:41.48000:31:41.490 a factor of 5 to 10 less than the 00:31:43.87900:31:43.889 subcritical extraction it gives you a 00:31:46.46000:31:46.470 higher extraction efficiencies because 00:31:49.12900:31:49.139 you're running at higher temperatures 00:31:50.75000:31:50.760 and pressure but it extracts waxes and 00:31:53.24000:31:53.250 other unwanted products so what you have 00:31:55.61000:31:55.620 to do is once you extract this you have 00:31:57.76900:31:57.779 to go to a conventional winterization 00:31:59.69000:31:59.700 using ethanol and that cost time and 00:32:02.89900:32:02.909 money so your it's a trade-off whether 00:32:05.87000:32:05.880 you want subcritical or supercritical 00:32:07.33000:32:07.340 extraction sometimes a good solution 00:32:12.20000:32:12.210 might work you may want to do a 00:32:14.14900:32:14.159 subcritical extraction to get a clean 00:32:18.22000:32:18.230 winterized oil and then go back and 00:32:20.84000:32:20.850 change change the pressure to a higher 00:32:22.82000:32:22.830 pressure and higher temperature go back 00:32:25.19000:32:25.200 and extract what's left to work so you 00:32:27.37900:32:27.389 overall you get higher efficiency and 00:32:30.04900:32:30.059 you get two products one is a winterized 00:32:33.11000:32:33.120 oil directly the other one is where you 00:32:36.32000:32:36.330 have to do anything it's an all 00:32:38.06000:32:38.070 extraction and produce of interest oil 00:32:39.83000:32:39.840 and quite a few people will take both 00:32:42.32000:32:42.330 these oils and mix them together to get 00:32:44.65900:32:44.669 a complete spectacle spectrum oil so 00:32:48.59000:32:48.600 those are the things in this V I'm going 00:32:53.72000:32:53.730 to summarize by saying we do expect 00:32:56.41900:32:56.429 consolidation to happen we expect as the 00:33:00.79900:33:00.809 market grows you have larger and larger 00:33:03.32000:33:03.330 people coming in to play both internal 00:33:06.83000:33:06.840 for their own needs and also external 00:33:09.86000:33:09.870 for working with other people so 00:33:13.54900:33:13.559 large-scale extraction will be the norm 00:33:15.50000:33:15.510 as we go in the future many group will 00:33:18.68000:33:18.690 either set up their 00:33:21.47000:33:21.480 wherever they think they have the 00:33:23.67000:33:23.680 technical capability and the money to do 00:33:26.54900:33:26.559 it so they don't have to send the 00:33:27.87000:33:27.880 material but that does not work for 00:33:30.54000:33:30.550 everybody 00:33:32.09000:33:32.100 they'll have mobile extraction units 00:33:34.74000:33:34.750 which will come to your facility to do 00:33:37.11000:33:37.120 this high-technology extraction as a 00:33:39.29900:33:39.309 service at your site or you can go to a 00:33:43.92000:33:43.930 toll processor who will provide you the 00:33:46.14000:33:46.150 same service at their facility so you 00:33:48.84000:33:48.850 have all of these options and you can 00:33:51.72000:33:51.730 expect every one of them to be in be a 00:33:58.59000:33:58.600 solution for what you are trying to do 00:34:00.27000:34:00.280 and depending on what you would like to 00:34:03.36000:34:03.370 get at the end of it you can pick one or 00:34:05.88000:34:05.890 the other of course if you can if you 00:34:09.21000:34:09.220 have the money the best is to set up 00:34:11.76000:34:11.770 your own large-scale extraction unit 00:34:13.53000:34:13.540 because you can control everything you 00:34:16.20000:34:16.210 can control what you are trying to 00:34:18.41900:34:18.429 extract the technology and it's all 00:34:21.72000:34:21.730 internal but that might not worker 00:34:24.38900:34:24.399 forever for everybody in that case you 00:34:27.09000:34:27.100 might be better off going to an outside 00:34:29.25000:34:29.260 facility or the last one is as I 00:34:33.81000:34:33.820 mentioned earlier a group of people can 00:34:36.00000:34:36.010 join together create a co-op and run the 00:34:39.03000:34:39.040 coop for all their shareholders so all 00:34:42.48000:34:42.490 these options are available and with 00:34:45.30000:34:45.310 that I would like to conclude and say 00:34:48.78000:34:48.790 our process will be happy to be an 00:34:51.99000:34:52.000 extraction and purification partner and 00:34:54.24000:34:54.250 if you have any questions please feel 00:34:57.39000:34:57.400 free to let me know and I'll be happy to 00:35:00.30000:35:00.310 answer I do very much for listening to 00:35:03.42000:35:03.430 me today thank you dr. tortilla for that 00:35:09.60000:35:09.610 informative presentation we will now 00:35:11.49000:35:11.500 start the live Q&A portion of this 00:35:14.16000:35:14.170 webinar if you have any questions you'd 00:35:16.14000:35:16.150 like to ask please do so now just click 00:35:18.30000:35:18.310 on that ask a question drop down box 00:35:20.70000:35:20.710 located on the far left of your 00:35:23.07000:35:23.080 presentation window type the question 00:35:25.35000:35:25.360 into the box that appears on the screen 00:35:26.94000:35:26.950 and click the send button will answer as 00:35:29.58000:35:29.590 many questions as we have time for so 00:35:32.46000:35:32.470 let's take a look 00:35:33.45000:35:33.460 our incoming questions from our audience 00:35:35.43000:35:35.440 our first question doctor Sharia is at 00:35:39.15000:35:39.160 what point is it better to subcontract 00:35:42.35900:35:42.369 instead of purchasing the extraction so 00:35:47.55000:35:47.560 I would say it's really a trade-off 00:35:49.20000:35:49.210 between capital investment and 00:35:51.21000:35:51.220 subcontract costing setting up a 00:35:54.18000:35:54.190 facility especially a large one requires 00:35:57.24000:35:57.250 a lot of handling and people all of 00:36:00.99000:36:01.000 these cost money and time it's always 00:36:04.02000:36:04.030 cheaper especially in the short term to 00:36:06.78000:36:06.790 subcontract the extraction and the 00:36:08.55000:36:08.560 purification this gives you the ability 00:36:11.55000:36:11.560 to go to different vendors and when your 00:36:15.32900:36:15.339 volume gets very large then you can 00:36:18.03000:36:18.040 think about setting up your own facility 00:36:20.08900:36:20.099 because by this time you have learned 00:36:23.31000:36:23.320 the business you're making money and you 00:36:25.89000:36:25.900 have the time and money to invest in 00:36:27.51000:36:27.520 your own facility optimizing to the 00:36:30.59900:36:30.609 products that you want thank you doctor 00:36:36.93000:36:36.940 Sharia and this next question from an 00:36:38.97000:36:38.980 audience member is two-part question is 00:36:41.72000:36:41.730 supercritical co2 extraction process too 00:36:45.93000:36:45.940 complicated and do I need highly 00:36:48.75000:36:48.760 technical people to handle that yes or 00:36:52.56000:36:52.570 no the process is fairly simple but 00:36:56.22000:36:56.230 because it is high pressure it requires 00:36:59.64000:36:59.650 the use of properly designed products 00:37:02.13000:37:02.140 and caution when you using them in other 00:37:05.46000:37:05.470 words if you have nuts and bolts 00:37:07.37000:37:07.380 tightening you have to tighten them so 00:37:10.23000:37:10.240 you really have to take care to do this 00:37:12.57000:37:12.580 properly you cannot be them circle about 00:37:15.27000:37:15.280 it you can also think of the process 00:37:18.75000:37:18.760 based on the raw material and that 00:37:21.59900:37:21.609 requires a technical understanding of 00:37:24.39000:37:24.400 what you are trying to do so is it 00:37:27.45000:37:27.460 complicated yes it's a little bit 00:37:29.40000:37:29.410 complicated but if you have the right 00:37:32.37000:37:32.380 people you can handle it 00:37:35.75000:37:35.760 thank you and I want to remind our 00:37:38.33900:37:38.349 audience members that any questions not 00:37:40.58900:37:40.599 answered today will be answered via 00:37:42.72000:37:42.730 email our next question is 00:37:46.34000:37:46.350 is there any use for the left over Rafa 00:37:50.45000:37:50.460 to raffinate I think that's a very good 00:37:53.81000:37:53.820 question that is many ways to figure 00:37:59.24000:37:59.250 this out the simplest one is you dispose 00:38:01.97000:38:01.980 it off or you burn it and you can take 00:38:06.26000:38:06.270 the heat that generator to produce hot 00:38:08.18000:38:08.190 water or electricity 00:38:09.83000:38:09.840 so that's thermal energy that you can 00:38:11.96000:38:11.970 get from your raw material but the more 00:38:15.38000:38:15.390 interesting thing is because the 00:38:18.08000:38:18.090 cannabis plant is a high fibrous plant 00:38:20.99000:38:21.000 and it's been used for years - in 00:38:24.41000:38:24.420 textiles and ropes it becomes a great 00:38:27.68000:38:27.690 substitute or paper or text in textiles 00:38:32.18000:38:32.190 so you can find these upcoming new 00:38:37.37000:38:37.380 applications for the leftover material 00:38:39.64000:38:39.650 which if you had to set up a plan to do 00:38:42.95000:38:42.960 it it just makes good economic sense and 00:38:46.37000:38:46.380 it gets a faster return of investment 00:38:51.16000:38:51.170 thank you for that before we close dr. 00:38:53.78000:38:53.790 Sharia do you want to provide the 00:38:55.01000:38:55.020 audience with any closing remarks I I 00:38:59.09000:38:59.100 just want to say that supercritical co2 00:39:01.70000:39:01.710 is a great shoe you know as I mentioned 00:39:06.23000:39:06.240 earlier you cannot get a better solvent 00:39:09.14000:39:09.150 it's physiologically compatible it's 00:39:11.75000:39:11.760 inexpensive if you know how to handle it 00:39:14.81000:39:14.820 you should use it you can use it 00:39:18.34000:39:18.350 efficiently it can be very selective it 00:39:22.64000:39:22.650 just makes the whole process go easy and 00:39:25.49000:39:25.500 you're not polluting the environment 00:39:28.69000:39:28.700 thank you again dr. Shar dia for your 00:39:30.92000:39:30.930 presentation and your important research 00:39:32.51000:39:32.520 I'd also like to thank lab roots for 00:39:35.27000:39:35.280 making today's educational webcast 00:39:37.13000:39:37.140 possible before I go I want to remind 00:39:39.44000:39:39.450 everyone that today's webcast will be 00:39:41.48000:39:41.490 available for on-demand viewing through 00:39:43.85000:39:43.860 June 2018 you'll get an email from 00:39:47.36000:39:47.370 laborat the swipe cast will be available 00:39:50.39000:39:50.400 for replay please share that 00:39:52.31000:39:52.320 announcement with your colleagues who 00:39:53.63000:39:53.640 may have missed today's live event 00:39:55.10000:39:55.110 that's all for now and thanks for 00:39:57.05000:39:57.060 joining us we hope 00:39:58.08000:39:58.090 see you again soon bye-bye thank you all
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