3 Ways to Check Capacitors in Circuit with Meters & Testers

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Kind: captions
Language: en

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what's up guys this is Tampa Tech and I
00:00:02.180 00:00:02.190 get a question that pops up every now
00:00:03.980 00:00:03.990 and then in my TV repair videos why
00:00:06.710 00:00:06.720 aren't I using an ESR meter to check
00:00:08.980 00:00:08.990 capacitors well ensure this is my go-to
00:00:13.030 00:00:13.040 multimeter it checks everything
00:00:15.340 00:00:15.350 capacitors resistors diodes transistors
00:00:18.349 00:00:18.359 AC volts DC volts high this for 15 years
00:00:21.620 00:00:21.630 and it still works great anytime the
00:00:23.420 00:00:23.430 readings are really off and wacky is
00:00:25.609 00:00:25.619 because the 9-volt battery is low so I
00:00:28.700 00:00:28.710 just pop off this back cover put the new
00:00:31.339 00:00:31.349 9-volt battery in and it works great for
00:00:33.650 00:00:33.660 another six months until the battery
00:00:35.510 00:00:35.520 goes low I do have an ESR meter an ESR
00:00:38.600 00:00:38.610 meter is great also I'm not saying it's
00:00:40.639 00:00:40.649 not great but a lot of my viewers or
00:00:42.979 00:00:42.989 just people that are trying to repair
00:00:45.830 00:00:45.840 their living room broken living room TV
00:00:48.139 00:00:48.149 or maybe they found I found the TV in a
00:00:50.810 00:00:50.820 dumpster on the side of the road they
00:00:52.490 00:00:52.500 want fixed up well you may not have an
00:00:56.869 00:00:56.879 ESR meter this meter runs between 50 to
00:00:59.240 00:00:59.250 100 dollars if you're a technician you
00:01:02.150 00:01:02.160 most likely have an ESR meter an ESR
00:01:04.429 00:01:04.439 meter is equivalent series resistance
00:01:06.890 00:01:06.900 meter it detects the resistance and a
00:01:10.190 00:01:10.200 capacitor this is electrolytic capacitor
00:01:13.420 00:01:13.430 electrolytic capacitors are mainly made
00:01:15.530 00:01:15.540 of aluminum inside there's dielectric
00:01:18.440 00:01:18.450 material and a paper soaked with
00:01:20.719 00:01:20.729 electrolytes which can be a oil form or
00:01:23.749 00:01:23.759 gel form if you take a microscope to
00:01:26.870 00:01:26.880 that then you'll notice that it is
00:01:29.749 00:01:29.759 layered like this electrolytic paper
00:01:31.850 00:01:31.860 that's soaked with that gel or oil form
00:01:33.950 00:01:33.960 the electrolytes the dielectric and the
00:01:36.649 00:01:36.659 cathode and anode when the circuit is
00:01:39.080 00:01:39.090 turned on with the capacitors in it the
00:01:41.090 00:01:41.100 capacitor will hold a charge
00:01:42.560 00:01:42.570 stabilizing the voltage and power in the
00:01:44.810 00:01:44.820 circuit even when the capacitor is
00:01:47.960 00:01:47.970 pulled from the circuit it still holds a
00:01:49.760 00:01:49.770 charge over time five or six years down
00:01:52.910 00:01:52.920 the road the capacitor may dry out and
00:01:55.340 00:01:55.350 the value of the capacitor will go down
00:01:57.499 00:01:57.509 while the resistance goes up if the
00:02:00.260 00:02:00.270 capacitor is superheated it would begin
00:02:02.690 00:02:02.700 to swell and leak the electrolytes the
00:02:05.060 00:02:05.070 capacitance value will actually go down
00:02:08.389 00:02:08.399 when the resistance value goes up so
00:02:12.050 00:02:12.060 that's what this
00:02:13.580 00:02:13.590 reads this meter reads capacitance level
00:02:16.339 00:02:16.349 the value of the capacitor which is dumb
00:02:19.640 00:02:19.650 this one is thirty three hundred
00:02:21.220 00:02:21.230 microfarads right so you have to pull
00:02:23.210 00:02:23.220 this out a circuit to read the
00:02:24.830 00:02:24.840 capacitance the micro farad on this
00:02:27.500 00:02:27.510 capacitor the beauty about this meter is
00:02:29.869 00:02:29.879 that you can read it in circuit which is
00:02:32.240 00:02:32.250 great so it sends up right here I tells
00:02:35.000 00:02:35.010 you it sends a 100 K 100 kilohertz
00:02:38.720 00:02:38.730 signal through the circuit and lets you
00:02:41.059 00:02:41.069 know the results of that capacitor in
00:02:43.100 00:02:43.110 circuit which is amazing so you really
00:02:45.740 00:02:45.750 speed through checking all the
00:02:47.300 00:02:47.310 capacitors without desoldering all the
00:02:49.250 00:02:49.260 capacitors and soldering all back in
00:02:50.930 00:02:50.940 there's a third way so those are two
00:02:53.690 00:02:53.700 ways to read the capacitor using a pass
00:02:55.670 00:02:55.680 over meter capacitance meter and ESR
00:02:59.600 00:02:59.610 meter and your eyeballs yes or your
00:03:04.160 00:03:04.170 sense of touch actually so you use your
00:03:06.530 00:03:06.540 senses that's the third way this
00:03:08.479 00:03:08.489 overheated and it popped so if the
00:03:10.610 00:03:10.620 pastor looks like that you don't even
00:03:12.800 00:03:12.810 have to check it just swap it out it
00:03:14.479 00:03:14.489 should look like this this is a brand
00:03:16.699 00:03:16.709 new capacitor see how the difference is
00:03:18.580 00:03:18.590 this one's flat and this one is right
00:03:23.390 00:03:23.400 here swollen now that's the most common
00:03:25.879 00:03:25.889 repair is bad capacitors not not every
00:03:29.180 00:03:29.190 bad capacitor pops some bad capacitors
00:03:32.420 00:03:32.430 may look like this one so this one looks
00:03:36.080 00:03:36.090 fine but it could be bad so that's what
00:03:39.589 00:03:39.599 you have to check it using an ESR meter
00:03:41.660 00:03:41.670 or capacitor meter if you guys are
00:03:43.940 00:03:43.950 interested by the way in any of these
00:03:45.589 00:03:45.599 meters well I can check out the links in
00:03:48.140 00:03:48.150 the video description below
00:03:49.159 00:03:49.169 this one is $50 pretty good I had no
00:03:52.849 00:03:52.859 problems with it this one is about $100
00:03:55.940 00:03:55.950 this was 15 years old they have a newer
00:03:58.069 00:03:58.079 model don't worry and I highly recommend
00:04:00.920 00:04:00.930 fluke now with this meter it has no
00:04:03.650 00:04:03.660 backlight but it does have auto ranging
00:04:07.099 00:04:07.109 which is great and auto off and it has
00:04:09.409 00:04:09.419 protective circuits if use in a diode to
00:04:11.569 00:04:11.579 protect protected circuit when reading
00:04:13.550 00:04:13.560 capacitors this also has a fuse and I
00:04:16.069 00:04:16.079 believe a diode in here protecting hid
00:04:17.779 00:04:17.789 circuit but you always want to dis
00:04:19.310 00:04:19.320 Church the capacitors just in case you
00:04:23.000 00:04:23.010 know you don't want to put any stress on
00:04:24.350 00:04:24.360 these meters just use these needlenose
00:04:26.750 00:04:26.760 pliers
00:04:27.439 00:04:27.449 hold it by the insulator part the
00:04:29.659 00:04:29.669 wrapping of the capacitor so you don't
00:04:31.969 00:04:31.979 get shocked you want to touch the metal
00:04:33.260 00:04:33.270 just hold it by the insulated cap
00:04:35.600 00:04:35.610 wrapper right here and then close just
00:04:39.350 00:04:39.360 right there just grab them both legs
00:04:41.510 00:04:41.520 like that so this has Auto ranging and
00:04:43.790 00:04:43.800 auto off as well and this actually has
00:04:46.309 00:04:46.319 two power sources has right here in the
00:04:50.059 00:04:50.069 back you could put two double-a
00:04:52.129 00:04:52.139 batteries in here but I don't use the
00:04:55.969 00:04:55.979 two double-a batteries I don't like
00:04:57.619 00:04:57.629 wasting batteries I use the power port
00:05:00.080 00:05:00.090 and the power port is a microUSB port
00:05:02.480 00:05:02.490 and I like this power bank I think I got
00:05:05.420 00:05:05.430 this for like eight bucks and put velcro
00:05:08.240 00:05:08.250 on the back right here
00:05:09.439 00:05:09.449 and just plug in and this lasts a very
00:05:13.010 00:05:13.020 long time just turn it on and now it has
00:05:17.420 00:05:17.430 power from the power bank and just press
00:05:20.809 00:05:20.819 and hold this and it turns it on this
00:05:23.059 00:05:23.069 has a backlight which is pretty cool and
00:05:25.989 00:05:25.999 has auto range what I love auto-ranging
00:05:28.969 00:05:28.979 meters saves me time and from I hate
00:05:31.939 00:05:31.949 pushing buttons so first thing I do when
00:05:34.100 00:05:34.110 I turn on my ESR meter is set it to zero
00:05:37.339 00:05:37.349 and do the zeroing you just close these
00:05:40.790 00:05:40.800 two leads together like just like that
00:05:43.100 00:05:43.110 short them together and then press the
00:05:46.159 00:05:46.169 zero button okay just like that now I
00:05:51.550 00:05:51.560 should be ready to go you don't have to
00:05:53.899 00:05:53.909 do that with this meter and switch it to
00:05:55.700 00:05:55.710 capacitor mode which is right here so
00:05:59.290 00:05:59.300 that's going to read the micro farad of
00:06:01.579 00:06:01.589 the capacitor this is going to read the
00:06:03.619 00:06:03.629 resistance of the capacitor the ohms 200
00:06:07.159 00:06:07.169 volt 250 volts 470 micro farad's now you
00:06:11.929 00:06:11.939 don't read the 250 voltage that means 2
00:06:14.209 00:06:14.219 up to up to 250 volts can pass through
00:06:17.240 00:06:17.250 this capacitor before it overheats and
00:06:20.089 00:06:20.099 pops or swells and so we'll put my red
00:06:25.249 00:06:25.259 lead on this side my black lead on the
00:06:27.230 00:06:27.240 stripe side so anytime you see this
00:06:29.779 00:06:29.789 striped side with a negative symbol
00:06:32.029 00:06:32.039 that's the black lead the black is
00:06:34.159 00:06:34.169 always negative and the red is always
00:06:36.230 00:06:36.240 the positive side here it is and it
00:06:39.890 00:06:39.900 is 450 microfarads alright and that's
00:06:48.430 00:06:48.440 470 micro farad's so if it was reading
00:06:51.560 00:06:51.570 10% lower than its value which is 470
00:06:56.029 00:06:56.039 micro farad's then i would replace the
00:06:58.249 00:06:58.259 capacitor but since it's reading within
00:07:00.710 00:07:00.720 the 10% of its value
00:07:03.980 00:07:03.990 then i would keep it this is considered
00:07:06.650 00:07:06.660 actually a decent capacitor but let's go
00:07:10.159 00:07:10.169 ahead and read the ESR so I'm going to
00:07:13.129 00:07:13.139 put my positive on this one and my
00:07:15.650 00:07:15.660 negative on this side and look at it
00:07:20.330 00:07:20.340 it's just reading a very low ohms
00:07:22.250 00:07:22.260 resistance point zero 3 and it tells you
00:07:26.779 00:07:26.789 right here which is pretty cool it says
00:07:29.480 00:07:29.490 good cap which means good capacitor with
00:07:32.570 00:07:32.580 low E SR low resistance and it is it's
00:07:36.770 00:07:36.780 point 0.05 the most and you can also
00:07:42.650 00:07:42.660 look at the chart so we got 250 volts
00:07:46.150 00:07:46.160 all right and the closest to 470 micro
00:07:49.850 00:07:49.860 farad's would be right here 470 250
00:07:57.589 00:07:57.599 volts 0.3 and it's way below 0.3 it's
00:08:05.089 00:08:05.099 actually 0.09 so is it definitely a good
00:08:09.560 00:08:09.570 capacitor so they're both the both
00:08:12.560 00:08:12.570 meters say hey this is a good capacitor
00:08:15.589 00:08:15.599 this is a bad capacitor this is a
00:08:18.290 00:08:18.300 thousand microfarads what is that 10
00:08:21.860 00:08:21.870 volt yeah I think it says 10 volt you
00:08:24.170 00:08:24.180 could look at it and physically it looks
00:08:26.060 00:08:26.070 swollen looks popped okay so I would
00:08:29.510 00:08:29.520 automatically change this out you know
00:08:31.879 00:08:31.889 for another capacitor I won't even check
00:08:33.649 00:08:33.659 it with my meter I would just change it
00:08:35.690 00:08:35.700 out you know same thing goes with
00:08:36.890 00:08:36.900 resistors resistors look burned if they
00:08:39.230 00:08:39.240 look burned replace them if you see a
00:08:41.480 00:08:41.490 transistor with a pin hole burned right
00:08:44.029 00:08:44.039 through the transistor replace it if
00:08:46.790 00:08:46.800 your board is scorched and it looks
00:08:49.490 00:08:49.500 burned up then replace the board
00:08:53.010 00:08:53.020 getting a hundred so it's really really
00:08:55.050 00:08:55.060 low this should be reading one thousand
00:08:57.990 00:08:58.000 microfarads on this I put that there put
00:09:01.580 00:09:01.590 that there and I am getting a very high
00:09:06.330 00:09:06.340 homes for capacitor so I'm getting high
00:09:09.780 00:09:09.790 resistance for this capacitor 8.9 R 9
00:09:13.920 00:09:13.930 ohms pretty much it tells you right here
00:09:16.320 00:09:16.330 it says good if the past that R is less
00:09:20.220 00:09:20.230 than the value of 10 microfarads well
00:09:24.630 00:09:24.640 it's a thousand microfarads it's not 10
00:09:28.620 00:09:28.630 microfarads so it's telling you that
00:09:32.010 00:09:32.020 it's bad it's telling you right here
00:09:33.660 00:09:33.670 that it's been it's telling you right
00:09:35.280 00:09:35.290 here it's bad if you look on this chart
00:09:37.650 00:09:37.660 let's look at 10 volts at thousand
00:09:41.310 00:09:41.320 microfarads I should get no more of no
00:09:44.220 00:09:44.230 higher than this is worst case scenario
00:09:46.710 00:09:46.720 by the way so if you get any higher than
00:09:51.410 00:09:51.420 0.1 2 ohms then it is defective and it's
00:09:57.420 00:09:57.430 10 ohms so it's definitely definitely
00:10:00.120 00:10:00.130 bad and it's sending that 100 kilohertz
00:10:03.150 00:10:03.160 signal right through this capacitor and
00:10:05.790 00:10:05.800 that's why you're getting this value all
00:10:10.530 00:10:10.540 right so let's go ahead and read the bad
00:10:13.410 00:10:13.420 capacitors that are in this y-sustain
00:10:15.480 00:10:15.490 board I pull this board from a samsung
00:10:19.140 00:10:19.150 plasma TV they had no power and this is
00:10:22.500 00:10:22.510 a y-sustain board right here that has a
00:10:24.870 00:10:24.880 bad capacitor and so I would
00:10:26.910 00:10:26.920 automatically switch this out and this
00:10:29.310 00:10:29.320 one as well to see this one was actually
00:10:31.320 00:10:31.330 popped too as well so anyhow let's go
00:10:34.920 00:10:34.930 ahead and check these Quebec capacitors
00:10:37.050 00:10:37.060 and some kind of values you get in
00:10:39.000 00:10:39.010 circuit and at a circuit flip it over
00:10:42.120 00:10:42.130 before reading any capacitor in circuit
00:10:44.490 00:10:44.500 or at a circuit always discharge the
00:10:46.860 00:10:46.870 capacitor just like that 2.25 ohms and
00:10:54.740 00:10:54.750 it says good if the capacitor is less
00:10:58.470 00:10:58.480 than 22 micro farad's well it's not it's
00:11:02.190 00:11:02.200 actually 680 micro farad capacitor
00:11:06.290 00:11:06.300 it is debit saying hey it's definitely
00:11:09.080 00:11:09.090 bad without a doubt you should always
00:11:10.760 00:11:10.770 read your capacitors add a circuit using
00:11:14.590 00:11:14.600 capacitor meter like this one because
00:11:17.180 00:11:17.190 this actually it's reading the micro
00:11:18.710 00:11:18.720 farad's from the capacitor the
00:11:19.970 00:11:19.980 capacitance of the capacitor and for my
00:11:23.030 00:11:23.040 black lead on the black and the red
00:11:25.040 00:11:25.050 light on a positive side and I'm getting
00:11:28.100 00:11:28.110 a reading of looks like 273 250 looks
00:11:35.690 00:11:35.700 like it's staying around 240 alright so
00:11:40.100 00:11:40.110 let's go ahead and pull it and see if we
00:11:42.260 00:11:42.270 get the same reading now usually if
00:11:45.050 00:11:45.060 you're reading this capacitor near other
00:11:48.650 00:11:48.660 capacitors you're going to pick up the
00:11:50.300 00:11:50.310 value of the other capacitors and you
00:11:53.630 00:11:53.640 may ask as like why not like aren't
00:11:55.340 00:11:55.350 going to pick up the value of other
00:11:56.660 00:11:56.670 capacitors using this meter well this
00:11:58.580 00:11:58.590 meter uses a 100 kilohertz sine wave
00:12:01.220 00:12:01.230 signal running through that individual
00:12:03.200 00:12:03.210 capacitor and that's how you get this
00:12:05.870 00:12:05.880 value on the screen there you go got it
00:12:10.970 00:12:10.980 out so go ahead and now I'm going to
00:12:14.060 00:12:14.070 turn that off see if we get the same
00:12:16.760 00:12:16.770 value I'm guessing probably it's going
00:12:21.320 00:12:21.330 to be slightly off put my black lead on
00:12:25.970 00:12:25.980 this side and we are getting a value of
00:12:31.390 00:12:31.400 drumroll 290 micro farad's now let's go
00:12:36.380 00:12:36.390 ahead and check the ESR meter and see if
00:12:38.330 00:12:38.340 we get the same value okay put it on
00:12:42.200 00:12:42.210 positive and this side and it looks like
00:12:48.320 00:12:48.330 we are getting 1.9 looks like 1.9 ohms
00:12:54.920 00:12:54.930 so it is slightly off so I'm going to
00:12:57.680 00:12:57.690 read the middle one actually it's a 150
00:13:00.260 00:13:00.270 micro farad's 250 volt right there I
00:13:02.840 00:13:02.850 could read that or not see that I
00:13:06.160 00:13:06.170 circled it right there for you
00:13:08.300 00:13:08.310 and we're going to discharge it let's
00:13:12.500 00:13:12.510 discharge all three one two three
00:13:16.570 00:13:16.580 discharge the other ones
00:13:19.070 00:13:19.080 as well and now let's go ahead and read
00:13:22.790 00:13:22.800 the value and see if it reads 150
00:13:27.139 00:13:27.149 microfarads I'm guessing it's probably
00:13:29.120 00:13:29.130 not say I'm getting eight hundred eight
00:13:32.840 00:13:32.850 hundred ninety nine hundred twenty seven
00:13:35.000 00:13:35.010 microfarads so it's way higher if the
00:13:39.259 00:13:39.269 capacitor was bad it would be way lower
00:13:41.420 00:13:41.430 than 150 micro farad's so always read
00:13:44.180 00:13:44.190 the capacitor when you're reading
00:13:46.160 00:13:46.170 capacitor it has to be within ten
00:13:48.079 00:13:48.089 percent of its value this read goes to
00:13:53.930 00:13:53.940 the plus side and the black posted a
00:13:55.490 00:13:55.500 negative side of the capacitor we are
00:13:57.829 00:13:57.839 reading point zero zero eight ohms
00:14:00.050 00:14:00.060 very very low ESR and it actually says
00:14:02.900 00:14:02.910 it on the screen good cap with low ESR
00:14:06.190 00:14:06.200 so it's without a doubt a good capacitor
00:14:09.380 00:14:09.390 even though on this it said it was
00:14:11.840 00:14:11.850 reading really really high so guys if
00:14:14.750 00:14:14.760 you're interested in any of these meters
00:14:16.759 00:14:16.769 that I shown today go ahead and click on
00:14:19.130 00:14:19.140 the links in the video description below
00:14:20.540 00:14:20.550 and if you know anyone that's interested
00:14:23.300 00:14:23.310 in electronics go ahead and click on the
00:14:25.819 00:14:25.829 share button below and if you found this
00:14:27.530 00:14:27.540 video informative or you like my TV
00:14:29.690 00:14:29.700 repair playlist go ahead and give me a
00:14:32.180 00:14:32.190 big thumbs up it lets me know that you
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00:14:45.350 00:14:45.360 repair playlist later guys
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