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Are Paper In Oil Caps Better Than Orange Drop
WEBVTT Kind: captions Language: en
00:00:00.030 Oh 00:00:05.15000:00:05.160 so I've been sitting here I think this 00:00:08.16000:00:08.170 is take nine or ten trying to make this 00:00:10.44000:00:10.450 video today we're going to talk about 00:00:12.32900:00:12.339 capacitors I think people spend way too 00:00:14.54900:00:14.559 much time 00:00:15.20900:00:15.219 nerding out about stuff that doesn't 00:00:17.49000:00:17.500 really matter today we're going to talk 00:00:19.23000:00:19.240 about capacitors because this is one of 00:00:21.59900:00:21.609 those things paper and oil versus 00:00:24.24000:00:24.250 basically anything else it's almost a 00:00:27.39000:00:27.400 religion at this point before we get 00:00:29.49000:00:29.500 started on this conversation what I want 00:00:31.65000:00:31.660 you to do is go in the comments and make 00:00:35.54900:00:35.559 the comment how you feel about it 00:00:37.83000:00:37.840 doesn't matter not judging how you feel 00:00:39.81000:00:39.820 about it kind of get your feelings out 00:00:41.81900:00:41.829 like I let everything flow any kind of 00:00:45.00000:00:45.010 anger any kind of frustration about 00:00:47.52000:00:47.530 capacitors how you feel about it how you 00:00:49.74000:00:49.750 disagree with somebody else how you're 00:00:51.72000:00:51.730 about to disagree with me all that kind 00:00:54.36000:00:54.370 of stuff just go in the comments and 00:00:56.72900:00:56.739 just kind of work it all out like just 00:01:00.20900:01:00.219 tell me about your mother if you want 00:01:02.72000:01:02.730 however you want to do it just work it 00:01:05.49000:01:05.500 all out all wait okay we're going to 00:01:07.41000:01:07.420 talk about paper and oil we're going to 00:01:09.03000:01:09.040 talk about polypropylene like the spray 00:01:11.04000:01:11.050 go orange drops we're gonna talk about 00:01:12.45000:01:12.460 silver mica we're gonna talk about all 00:01:14.64000:01:14.650 these other ceramic all these other 00:01:16.35000:01:16.360 capacitors let's talk about first of all 00:01:18.03000:01:18.040 why we choose a capacitor for a 00:01:20.04000:01:20.050 particular project so from an electronic 00:01:23.55000:01:23.560 engineers standpoint when he designs a 00:01:26.73000:01:26.740 circuit he's looking at a few things 00:01:28.95000:01:28.960 he's looking at the capacitive reactance 00:01:31.89000:01:31.900 that he means basically a capacitor is a 00:01:35.04000:01:35.050 storage device right so electricity goes 00:01:37.08000:01:37.090 into it it stores there for a moment and 00:01:39.48000:01:39.490 then it comes back out with a DC circuit 00:01:42.21000:01:42.220 it stores in there as much as long as 00:01:45.09000:01:45.100 there is a charge to keep it charged in 00:01:47.58000:01:47.590 an AC circuit it actually goes in and 00:01:49.65000:01:49.660 out with the cycling of the frequency of 00:01:51.63000:01:51.640 the of the circuit it's just a storage 00:01:53.43000:01:53.440 device the capacitive reactance of it is 00:01:56.07000:01:56.080 the value so 15 micro farad's 22 micro 00:02:01.26000:02:01.270 farad's 33 micro farad's 00:02:02.88000:02:02.890 point 0.04 seven micro farad's point oh 00:02:06.09000:02:06.100 i mean for guitar values right that is 00:02:08.99900:02:09.009 determined by basically it's two plates 00:02:11.85000:02:11.860 of metal of a particular size and our 00:02:15.27000:02:15.280 particular 00:02:16.53000:02:16.540 distance apart with a dielectric 00:02:19.14000:02:19.150 material inside basically electricity 00:02:21.78000:02:21.790 can travel across anything right even 00:02:24.24000:02:24.250 air air has a dielectric water has a 00:02:27.14900:02:27.159 dielectric everything electricity can 00:02:29.84900:02:29.859 pass through anything 00:02:30.95900:02:30.969 it's how sparkplug works right so you 00:02:32.91000:02:32.920 have two electrodes and if the voltage 00:02:35.30900:02:35.319 is high enough or in certain 00:02:37.71000:02:37.720 circumstances if the current is high 00:02:39.30000:02:39.310 enough electricity can jump across even 00:02:41.67000:02:41.680 air so everything has a dielectric so in 00:02:44.91000:02:44.920 a capacitor you have two plates and you 00:02:47.00900:02:47.019 have a gap and then you have that gap 00:02:48.92900:02:48.939 and it's a certain distance apart and 00:02:50.84900:02:50.859 the plates are a certain size and 00:02:52.34900:02:52.359 that'll let that electronics engineer 00:02:54.39000:02:54.400 needs to say okay I want it to be 00:02:55.86000:02:55.870 charged for a certain amount of time I 00:02:57.74000:02:57.750 want it to be able to hold a certain 00:03:01.50000:03:01.510 amount of voltage without electricity 00:03:03.42000:03:03.430 going across that gap so it needs to 00:03:05.87900:03:05.889 hold a certain amount of voltage that's 00:03:07.83000:03:07.840 gonna create a certain amount of heat so 00:03:09.92900:03:09.939 I need it to work within that heat range 00:03:11.97000:03:11.980 I also need it to have a certain amount 00:03:14.22000:03:14.230 of Tolerance because the frequency of 00:03:16.53000:03:16.540 the current that's going in and out of 00:03:18.27000:03:18.280 there I need it to operate within a very 00:03:20.55000:03:20.560 narrow range of that frequency so I need 00:03:23.49000:03:23.500 to know the tolerance of it I need to 00:03:25.53000:03:25.540 also know not just the heat failure 00:03:28.11000:03:28.120 point but also how is it gonna perform 00:03:30.56900:03:30.579 at its extremes when it's really cold 00:03:32.93900:03:32.949 and when it's really hot is it gonna 00:03:34.46900:03:34.479 give me that precision that I need now I 00:03:37.40900:03:37.419 need to decide what material of the 00:03:41.33900:03:41.349 capacitor and what type of capacitor I 00:03:43.34900:03:43.359 need to fill all these criteria for this 00:03:47.03900:03:47.049 design that I have and then they pick a 00:03:49.19900:03:49.209 particular sort of capacitor for that we 00:03:51.62900:03:51.639 have let's say we have electrolytic Swee 00:03:53.33900:03:53.349 have ceramics we have polypropylene sort 00:03:55.71000:03:55.720 of like a like an orange drop we have 00:03:58.40900:03:58.419 paper and oil we have mylar and oil we 00:04:00.78000:04:00.790 have silver mica we have there's many 00:04:03.00000:04:03.010 many different kinds of capacitors the 00:04:04.83000:04:04.840 reason those are there is not because 00:04:07.55900:04:07.569 they sound different but it's because 00:04:09.71900:04:09.729 they perform different in different 00:04:11.49000:04:11.500 environments all those criteria that we 00:04:13.80000:04:13.810 just mentioned in a circuit design have 00:04:16.11000:04:16.120 to be taken into consideration and then 00:04:17.96900:04:17.979 the material itself stands up to those 00:04:21.14900:04:21.159 particular things so that electronics 00:04:23.33900:04:23.349 engineer would pick the style of 00:04:25.50000:04:25.510 capacitor needed to fulfill a particular 00:04:29.54000:04:29.550 need so let's bring that whole concept 00:04:32.05900:04:32.069 to a guitar first of all let's talk 00:04:34.46000:04:34.470 about why particular capacitors were 00:04:36.83000:04:36.840 used in guitars at particular times we 00:04:39.58900:04:39.599 think of the vintage guitar having a 00:04:42.43900:04:42.449 paper and oil capacitor in it why 00:04:44.89000:04:44.900 because just like anything else in the 00:04:48.08000:04:48.090 guitar industry at the very beginning 00:04:49.99900:04:50.009 they were basically just using stuff 00:04:51.71000:04:51.720 they had so cloth wire for bond for the 00:04:54.74000:04:54.750 bobbins and the pickups butyrate for the 00:04:57.26000:04:57.270 bobbins and the pickups all those things 00:04:59.71900:04:59.729 were not made even the wood choices were 00:05:02.42000:05:02.430 not made because who I'm gonna is gonna 00:05:05.21000:05:05.220 make some sort of tone and in 50 years 00:05:07.39900:05:07.409 everybody's gonna want this 00:05:09.02000:05:09.030 it was literally because it's what they 00:05:10.43000:05:10.440 had on a shelf it's what the head 00:05:11.96000:05:11.970 available paper and oil caps for 00:05:14.12000:05:14.130 instance were the norm because in the 00:05:17.30000:05:17.310 40s and 50s 00:05:18.23000:05:18.240 basically all audio processing circuits 00:05:23.02900:05:23.039 or tube-based so you had 400 volt plate 00:05:27.32000:05:27.330 voltages you had 2 to 3 amps of current 00:05:29.89900:05:29.909 or maybe more or less depending on what 00:05:32.71900:05:32.729 you were doing but that created a lot of 00:05:35.30000:05:35.310 heat so they had to have some sort of 00:05:37.67000:05:37.680 capacitor that would process that much 00:05:40.24900:05:40.259 heat so when you take a piece of paper 00:05:42.02000:05:42.030 and you roll it up with electrodes in it 00:05:44.42000:05:44.430 and you put oil in there it stays cooler 00:05:47.05900:05:47.069 that's why paper and oil was invented 00:05:49.58000:05:49.590 you fast forward 40 50 years and there's 00:05:53.39000:05:53.400 other stuff that does exactly the same 00:05:55.27900:05:55.289 thing and keeps up with heat and doesn't 00:05:57.89000:05:57.900 blow up and doesn't burn and more 00:06:00.23000:06:00.240 importantly stays within tolerance at 00:06:03.23000:06:03.240 the extended areas of its heat range 00:06:06.23000:06:06.240 that's why paper oil was used Becht it's 00:06:09.11000:06:09.120 not because it's sound a certain way 00:06:10.61000:06:10.620 it's because it's what they had the 00:06:12.76900:06:12.779 capacitance is exactly the same point 00:06:15.80000:06:15.810 low to 2 is 0.02 to in a paper and oil a 00:06:18.58900:06:18.599 ceramic an orange drop it doesn't matter 00:06:21.70900:06:21.719 the capacitance does not change and you 00:06:24.68000:06:24.690 could say well yeah but the dielectric 00:06:27.32000:06:27.330 material means that it charges up slower 00:06:29.54000:06:29.550 and faster no that's the value that's 00:06:32.80900:06:32.819 the the number on the side that's the 00:06:34.87900:06:34.889 value and you could say well yeah but a 00:06:37.21900:06:37.229 no paper and oil behaves differently 00:06:39.70000:06:39.710 because no here's why the 00:06:43.18900:06:43.199 difference in capacitor design is for 00:06:45.85000:06:45.860 different environments heat voltage 00:06:48.61900:06:48.629 current and frequency tolerance of a 12o 00:06:52.61000:06:52.620 and very narrow tolerance are all things 00:06:55.04000:06:55.050 that we do not have in a guitar the 00:06:56.86900:06:56.879 easiest way to illustrate this would be 00:06:58.51900:06:58.529 if you put an orange drop or a paper and 00:07:01.55000:07:01.560 oil cap in a guitar it would read what 00:07:03.98000:07:03.990 it reads and it would do what it does if 00:07:06.35000:07:06.360 you held a lighter to that and you heat 00:07:09.40900:07:09.419 it up to 400 degrees or 700 degrees or 00:07:12.86000:07:12.870 whatever the limit of it was depending 00:07:15.20000:07:15.210 on what it says on the side the 00:07:16.61000:07:16.620 performance would change that is the 00:07:19.24900:07:19.259 difference when a capacitor is at its 00:07:21.86000:07:21.870 limit of performance its performance can 00:07:24.29000:07:24.300 change its ability to stay within its 00:07:27.64900:07:27.659 performance parameters at its extreme of 00:07:31.42000:07:31.430 environment these the difference between 00:07:34.10000:07:34.110 capacitor it's not the capacitance it is 00:07:37.93900:07:37.949 a thing it is a passive thing now here's 00:07:40.85000:07:40.860 the interesting part about a guitar 00:07:41.92900:07:41.939 circuit you have a coil you have a 00:07:45.05000:07:45.060 resistor which is the pot and you have a 00:07:46.90900:07:46.919 capacitor all working in unison you have 00:07:49.42900:07:49.439 the capacitance of the guitar cable you 00:07:51.46900:07:51.479 have all those things working together 00:07:52.93900:07:52.949 kind of talking to each other working in 00:07:55.83900:07:55.849 reacting to each other as a circuit 00:07:58.76000:07:58.770 don't look at the capacitor as doing its 00:08:01.07000:08:01.080 own thing look at it as the rest of the 00:08:03.61900:08:03.629 hole and you will quickly find out that 00:08:05.83900:08:05.849 a paper in oil versus a orange drop 00:08:08.68900:08:08.699 don't make any difference because all 00:08:11.36000:08:11.370 this other stuff is what is making the 00:08:13.18900:08:13.199 difference it's as simple as that 00:08:14.54000:08:14.550 there's no reason to spend $17 for a 00:08:19.07000:08:19.080 capacitor none whatsoever 00:08:21.17000:08:21.180 in fact there is even more reason to not 00:08:25.85000:08:25.860 use vintage parts in your guitar because 00:08:29.14900:08:29.159 here's why people get so freaked out 00:08:32.08900:08:32.099 about this they go ahead play a 1950s 00:08:34.67000:08:34.680 Les Paul or 1960s Les Paul with paper 00:08:37.37000:08:37.380 and all caps in it and they go oh man 00:08:39.01900:08:39.029 those Spragg vitamin Q's sounds so 00:08:41.18000:08:41.190 amazing that capacitor is blah blah blah 00:08:43.55000:08:43.560 so here's what happens in a paper 00:08:44.96000:08:44.970 capacitor as it gets older it drifts 00:08:48.29000:08:48.300 from its original value the resistance 00:08:51.35000:08:51.360 Rises and it sounds different better in 00:08:53.96000:08:53.970 some people's 00:08:55.28000:08:55.290 so an old capacitor sounds different 00:08:58.07000:08:58.080 than a new one simple as that 00:08:59.60000:08:59.610 that doesn't mean that you can go put a 00:09:01.40000:09:01.410 capacitor in your guitar today and it 00:09:03.92000:09:03.930 have it sound like a 1950s capacitor 00:09:05.99000:09:06.000 because you can't make old and it's 00:09:07.97000:09:07.980 actually not a desirable thing it's a 00:09:10.28000:09:10.290 failure that just kind of sounds good to 00:09:12.88900:09:12.899 some people but that doesn't make it a 00:09:15.29000:09:15.300 better capacitor than another it just 00:09:17.60000:09:17.610 makes that guitar sound a certain way 00:09:19.61000:09:19.620 because that a particular capacitor has 00:09:21.82900:09:21.839 aged in that way it's not that you can 00:09:24.74000:09:24.750 actually duplicate it it's very 00:09:26.48000:09:26.490 interesting 00:09:27.07900:09:27.089 in fact we sell oil-filled capacitors on 00:09:29.36000:09:29.370 our website they're not as expensive as 00:09:31.40000:09:31.410 some of the crazy ones but we also use 00:09:34.40000:09:34.410 mylar and oil instead of paper oil 00:09:36.53000:09:36.540 because they last better they don't 00:09:38.57000:09:38.580 break down if you have any questions 00:09:39.98000:09:39.990 about this capacitor stuff if you want 00:09:41.63000:09:41.640 to fight about it in the comments please 00:09:42.94900:09:42.959 be nice we will delete obscenity and all 00:09:45.38000:09:45.390 that sort of stuff I'm just you know 00:09:46.91000:09:46.920 we're nice around here so have a 00:09:49.22000:09:49.230 conversation in there in the comments 00:09:51.29000:09:51.300 and let me know what capacitors you use 00:09:54.01900:09:54.029 and yeah this is an interesting one I've 00:09:58.10000:09:58.110 put it off for a long time this is like 00:10:00.26000:10:00.270 take 10 I've been trying to figure out a 00:10:03.11000:10:03.120 way to like put this into words because 00:10:08.80000:10:08.810 you know that people argue about it all 00:10:11.26900:10:11.279 the time do me a favor hit the subscribe 00:10:12.94900:10:12.959 button hit the bell a little next to it 00:10:15.53000:10:15.540 and make sure that you watch the next 00:10:17.56900:10:17.579 video I'm Dylan stalks tone thanks for 00:10:19.76000:10:19.770 hanging out
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