00:00:06.529 you may have relaxed in a natural Hot 00:00:09.47000:00:09.480 Springs pool or seen the Old Faithful 00:00:11.99000:00:12.000 geyser blasting hot water into the air 00:00:14.41900:00:14.429 in Yellowstone National Park but have 00:00:16.97000:00:16.980 you ever thought of where all that heat 00:00:19.16000:00:19.170 comes from well it comes from deep 00:00:22.07000:00:22.080 beneath the surface of the earth and 00:00:23.77900:00:23.789 it's called geothermal energy and we can 00:00:27.23000:00:27.240 use it to generate clean renewable 00:00:29.59900:00:29.609 electricity okay here's how geothermal 00:00:38.36000:00:38.370 works heat from the Earth's crust warms 00:00:41.29900:00:41.309 water that is seeped into underground 00:00:43.22000:00:43.230 reservoirs in some places when water 00:00:46.04000:00:46.050 becomes hot enough it can break through 00:00:48.29000:00:48.300 the Earth's surface as steam or hot 00:00:50.18000:00:50.190 water this usually happens where the 00:00:52.43000:00:52.440 Earth's crust or plates meet and shift 00:00:55.36900:00:55.379 in the past taking advantage of 00:00:58.61000:00:58.620 geothermal energy was limited to areas 00:01:00.95000:01:00.960 where hot water flowed near the surface 00:01:02.93000:01:02.940 but as geothermal technologies advanced 00:01:06.05000:01:06.060 we can leverage even more of these 00:01:08.17900:01:08.189 natural renewable energy sources 00:01:15.03900:01:15.049 engineers have developed a few different 00:01:17.45000:01:17.460 ways to produce power from geothermal 00:01:19.58000:01:19.590 wells drilled into the ground have a 00:01:21.92000:01:21.930 look at this it's a dry steam geothermal 00:01:25.24900:01:25.259 power plant and it's the most common 00:01:27.59000:01:27.600 type of geothermal technology used today 00:01:30.16000:01:30.170 underground steam flows directly to a 00:01:32.74900:01:32.759 turbine to drive a generator that 00:01:34.52000:01:34.530 produces electricity pretty 00:01:37.03900:01:37.049 straightforward another geothermal 00:01:39.49900:01:39.509 technology is called a flash steam power 00:01:42.10900:01:42.119 plant a pump pushes hot fluid into a 00:01:45.31900:01:45.329 tank at the surface where it cools as it 00:01:48.35000:01:48.360 cools the fluid flashes or quickly turns 00:01:51.38000:01:51.390 into vapor the vapor then drives a 00:01:53.96000:01:53.970 turbine and powers a generator 00:01:56.52000:01:56.530 a binary cycle plant works differently 00:02:00.21000:02:00.220 it uses two types of fluid hot fluid 00:02:04.05000:02:04.060 from underground heats a second fluid 00:02:06.27000:02:06.280 called a heat transfer fluid in a giant 00:02:08.99900:02:09.009 heat exchanger the second fluid has a 00:02:11.61000:02:11.620 much lower boiling point than the first 00:02:13.38000:02:13.390 fluid and so it flashes into vapor and a 00:02:16.05000:02:16.060 lower temperature when the second fluid 00:02:19.65000:02:19.660 flashes it spins a turbine that drives a 00:02:22.38000:02:22.390 generator the environmental benefits of 00:02:29.61000:02:29.620 this clean round-the-clock renewable 00:02:31.83000:02:31.840 energy source are substantial low 00:02:34.35000:02:34.360 emissions small physical footprint and 00:02:36.69000:02:36.700 minimal environmental impact the few 00:02:39.87000:02:39.880 byproducts that can come up are often 00:02:41.79000:02:41.800 rejected underground geothermal energy 00:02:44.85000:02:44.860 can also help recycle waste water in 00:02:47.28000:02:47.290 California waste water from the city of 00:02:50.16000:02:50.170 Santa Rosa is injected into the ground 00:02:52.41000:02:52.420 to generate more geothermal energy some 00:02:56.85000:02:56.860 plants do produce solid waste but that 00:02:59.43000:02:59.440 solid waste may contain minerals that we 00:03:01.68000:03:01.690 can remove and sell which lowers the 00:03:04.38000:03:04.390 cost of this energy source the US 00:03:06.81000:03:06.820 Geological Survey estimates that 00:03:08.49000:03:08.500 untapped geothermal resources in the 00:03:10.59000:03:10.600 United States if developed could supply 00:03:13.38000:03:13.390 the equivalent of 10 percent of today's 00:03:15.36000:03:15.370 energy needs and cut our dependence on 00:03:18.03000:03:18.040 fossil fuels in fact electricity 00:03:21.03000:03:21.040 generated by geothermal energy already 00:03:23.43000:03:23.440 provides about 60% of the power along 00:03:25.97900:03:25.989 the Northern California coast from the 00:03:28.28900:03:28.299 Golden Gate Bridge to the Oregon State 00:03:30.44900:03:30.459 Line geothermal energy helping to push 00:03:33.87000:03:33.880 America toward energy independence and a 00:03:36.60000:03:36.610 clean renewable way to meet our growing 00:03:39.12000:03:39.130 energy demands
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Engineering company LOTUS®
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