00:00:01.640 [Music] 00:00:20.40900:00:20.419 the capacitor is similar to a battery in 00:00:23.59900:00:23.609 that both store electrical energy the 00:00:26.41900:00:26.429 capacitor is a much simpler device that 00:00:28.70000:00:28.710 can't produce new electrons it only 00:00:30.49900:00:30.509 stores them however capacitors can do 00:00:32.96000:00:32.970 things a battery can't as we will show 00:00:34.79000:00:34.800 here for the purposes of this animation 00:00:37.75900:00:37.769 we'll focus on different parts of the 00:00:39.41000:00:39.420 current propagating through the wires at 00:00:41.24000:00:41.250 different times when we close the switch 00:00:44.09000:00:44.100 electricity immediately runs throughout 00:00:46.36900:00:46.379 the circuits 00:00:47.11900:00:47.129 although the convention is to think of 00:00:49.13000:00:49.140 electrical current is moving from 00:00:50.47900:00:50.489 positive to negative electrons actually 00:00:52.36900:00:52.379 move from negative to positive as we 00:00:54.70900:00:54.719 represent here with yellow particles as 00:00:56.88900:00:56.899 you can see the battery is not much good 00:00:59.77900:00:59.789 at powering this motor to lift this 00:01:01.43000:01:01.440 place because it discharges gradually 00:01:03.52900:01:03.539 much more slowly than with a capacitor 00:01:05.81000:01:05.820 with the same charge here we'll learn 00:01:07.73000:01:07.740 why capacitor is much better suited to 00:01:09.71000:01:09.720 such a task than the battery like a 00:01:12.10900:01:12.119 battery the capacitor has two terminals 00:01:13.73000:01:13.740 positive and negative inside the 00:01:16.31000:01:16.320 capacitor the terminals connect the two 00:01:18.10900:01:18.119 metal plates separated by an insulator 00:01:20.12000:01:20.130 that keeps the plates from touching each 00:01:21.74000:01:21.750 other and allows them to hold opposite 00:01:23.51000:01:23.520 charges maintaining an electric field 00:01:27.79000:01:27.800 capacitors can be useful for storing and 00:01:30.13900:01:30.149 quickly discharging electricity so you 00:01:32.24000:01:32.250 can power for example an electric motor 00:01:34.40000:01:34.410 as we'll show here 00:01:37.05900:01:37.069 first we need to charge the capacitor by 00:01:39.77000:01:39.780 closing the switch we create a circuit 00:01:41.54000:01:41.550 that includes both the capacitor and the 00:01:43.40000:01:43.410 battery electrons flow from the battery 00:01:46.79000:01:46.800 to the capacitor where they are stored 00:01:50.94900:01:50.959 here a yellow glow represents the 00:01:53.44900:01:53.459 increasing charge held by the plate for 00:01:59.02900:01:59.039 every electron gained by that negative 00:02:00.74000:02:00.750 plate an electron is lost by the 00:02:02.71900:02:02.729 positive plate maintaining the capacitor 00:02:04.88000:02:04.890 in equilibrium here the red glow 00:02:07.49000:02:07.500 represents the positive charge held by 00:02:09.46900:02:09.479 the plate that increases with each 00:02:10.94000:02:10.950 parting electron the capacitor continues 00:02:13.58000:02:13.590 to charge until it attains the voltage 00:02:15.53000:02:15.540 of the battery charging it now that the 00:02:18.92000:02:18.930 capacitor is fully charged let's put all 00:02:20.83900:02:20.849 that stored energy to use by connecting 00:02:23.21000:02:23.220 it to a new circuit we can power small 00:02:25.28000:02:25.290 motor this electrical current powers the 00:02:28.43000:02:28.440 pulley to lift the weight until the 00:02:30.08000:02:30.090 charge dissipate 00:02:31.18000:02:31.190 the electrons on the capacitors negative 00:02:33.76000:02:33.770 terminal are drawn to its positive 00:02:35.23000:02:35.240 terminal they rush along the path that 00:02:37.42000:02:37.430 leads there straight through the motor 00:02:41.37000:02:41.380 let's watch this again 00:02:48.10000:02:48.11000:02:58.92000:02:58.930 even though the battery and the 00:03:00.88000:03:00.890 capacitor attempted this task with the 00:03:02.68000:03:02.690 same amount of charge only the capacitor 00:03:05.23000:03:05.240 successfully powers the motor lifting 00:03:07.12000:03:07.130 the weight because it discharges much 00:03:09.25000:03:09.260 more quickly this feature makes 00:03:11.14000:03:11.150 capacitor is useful for powering things 00:03:12.94000:03:12.950 that need a quick surge of energy such 00:03:14.92000:03:14.930 as flash bulbs and cameras and starter 00:03:17.23000:03:17.240 motors and audio amplifiers in your car 00:03:23.50000:03:23.510
Office location
Engineering company LOTUS®
Russia, Ekaterinburg, Lunacharskogo street, 240/12