00:00:01.120 --> 00:00:05.340 Nuclear and coal-based power plants together make up about half of the world's total electricity. 00:00:07.680 --> 00:00:10.400 The steam turbine is located in the middle of this type of power plant. 00:00:11.280 --> 00:00:14.340 They convert thermal energy into mechanical energy by making vapors. 00:00:16.000 --> 00:00:23.440 This video will explain how the inner part of the steam turbine works and the structural features in a series of ways. 00:00:25.060 --> 00:00:28.420 If you want to know about the main operating system, first you need to know about its blade 00:00:32.380 --> 00:00:35.600 You can see its blades are in airfoil formation. 00:00:36.880 --> 00:00:41.340 When more energy flows through the steam, the pressure on the two sides varies due to airflow formation. 00:00:41.940 --> 00:00:43.940 As a result, a type of lift force is created. 00:00:47.040 --> 00:00:49.040 This elevator force helps to rotate the turbine. 00:00:51.480 --> 00:00:55.920 In a word, the power of the steam is converted to mechanical power in the rotor. 00:00:56.820 --> 00:00:59.480 Find out more about the mechanism of the steam turbine 00:00:59.700 --> 00:01:01.700 Need to know more about Floyd Energy 00:01:03.960 --> 00:01:05.960 Fluid has three types of energy 00:01:06.520 --> 00:01:07.620 Speed 00:01:09.080 --> 00:01:09.840 Pressure 00:01:10.760 --> 00:01:11.980 And thermal energy 00:01:13.120 --> 00:01:17.480 These three types of energy are weakened due to the fluid receiving power from the fluid. 00:01:22.020 --> 00:01:25.320 Low-velocity jets cannot produce an effective lift force in this case 00:01:26.480 --> 00:01:29.960 More velocity is sent through the structure of the stator to produce it. 00:01:30.920 --> 00:01:36.980 Due to the special structure associated with turbine casing, this weak steam flows through the orbit. 00:01:37.200 --> 00:01:39.200 And the fluid's speed increases again. 00:01:41.340 --> 00:01:43.700 In a word, it acts as a nozzle. 00:01:44.300 --> 00:01:48.180 And the speed of the jet also increases as the jet speed increases. 00:01:48.940 --> 00:01:56.360 Through the combination of heat, pressure and speed, the total energy is equal. 00:01:58.580 --> 00:02:00.580 After this the next step of the rotor begins. 00:02:01.920 --> 00:02:07.140 And the next steps are arranged in such a way that the angular push is the highest. 00:02:09.440 --> 00:02:11.760 In this way the next nozzleset is added. 00:02:13.700 --> 00:02:16.080 There are many such nozzle sets on the steam turbine. 00:02:18.040 --> 00:02:22.540 Another type of term here is the degree of reaction. 00:02:23.300 --> 00:02:28.380 The amount of total energy converted into a rotor is calculated by dividing the flowing pressure and thermal energy. 00:02:29.500 --> 00:02:32.320 Pressure and thermal energy are called enthalpies. 00:02:33.200 --> 00:02:36.540 The degree of reaction depends on what kind of steam turbine it is 00:02:39.100 --> 00:02:45.800 As the steam moves slowly, its pressure decreases rapidly and its volume increases. 00:02:46.140 --> 00:02:49.860 And the area of the next turbine becomes larger to accommodate this much steam. 00:02:52.560 --> 00:02:54.720 If it is not done, the speed of the flowing steam will increase. 00:02:55.540 --> 00:02:59.060 And this is why the blades of the stem exit area are so large. 00:03:00.700 --> 00:03:04.920 You can see the difference in the blade of the inlet and outlet blades. 00:03:06.080 --> 00:03:09.640 These large blades will be seen at the end. 00:03:10.180 --> 00:03:14.700 And it is done so that the angle of attack of all the blades is equal. 00:03:16.860 --> 00:03:20.060 This type of turbine has two such units. 00:03:22.720 --> 00:03:25.520 Here it is easy to understand how equal sixth is going in these two units. 00:03:31.660 --> 00:03:34.820 Higher capacity steam turbines have different types of stage. 00:03:35.360 --> 00:03:36.880 High pressure turbines 00:03:37.660 --> 00:03:39.040 Mid-pressure turbine 00:03:39.680 --> 00:03:41.080 Low pressure turbine 00:03:44.220 --> 00:03:47.060 All of these are connected to a common rotating shaft. 00:03:49.440 --> 00:03:52.160 And this shaft is connected to a generator. 00:03:54.280 --> 00:03:56.880 The reason why different stages are staged is funny 00:03:57.460 --> 00:04:00.520 The purpose is to achieve greater efficiency by using more heat 00:04:01.780 --> 00:04:04.500 This happens according to the second formula of thermodynamics. 00:04:07.080 --> 00:04:10.200 But we can't use any heat here, beyond 5 degrees Celsius 00:04:10.680 --> 00:04:14.120 Turbine blades cannot withstand more heat than metal. 00:04:16.580 --> 00:04:20.140 As the stem blades pass, its heat gradually decreases. 00:04:21.520 --> 00:04:26.800 Increasing the efficiency of the power plant requires increasing this reduced heat 00:04:28.480 --> 00:04:33.160 For this, the stream is re-boiled through a bypass line from this stage. It receives more heat here. 00:04:35.960 --> 00:04:37.680 This is called reheating. 00:04:38.180 --> 00:04:40.180 It increases the heat of the stem 00:04:40.700 --> 00:04:43.360 And thus help to increase the output and efficiency of the power plant. 00:04:46.960 --> 00:04:51.460 One problem when operating a power station is to keep the speed of the steam turbine at par 00:04:52.100 --> 00:04:57.080 This is important because the power frequency and turbine speed are proportional. 00:04:57.820 --> 00:05:02.200 The speed of the steam turbine is called the speed of the load on the system. 00:05:03.580 --> 00:05:08.320 And the Steam Flow Governor system is used to control this downward trend. 00:05:10.460 --> 00:05:18.580 If the steam turbine rotates at high speeds, the control valve automatically reduces the flow of the stem until the speed is normal. 00:05:18.920 --> 00:05:22.160 If there is a low turn around then the opposite happens. 00:05:23.260 --> 00:05:28.440 In this way, electricity is produced to balance demand. 00:05:29.220 --> 00:05:33.860 To learn more about the degree of reaction and its uses, watch the next video
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