How to_do_Preventive_ Maintenance_Condenser_Heat Exchanger_صيانة المبادل الحرارى

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Language: en

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00:00:09.640 00:00:09.650 by now you have a good idea of what heat
00:00:12.290 00:00:12.300 exchangers are and how they work and you
00:00:14.330 00:00:14.340 know some of the kinds of things that
00:00:16.220 00:00:16.230 can go wrong with heat exchangers in
00:00:17.810 00:00:17.820 this unit we're going to find out what
00:00:20.420 00:00:20.430 to do to cure these problems we'll also
00:00:22.700 00:00:22.710 take a look at what's done to keep heat
00:00:24.230 00:00:24.240 exchangers in the plant working
00:00:25.759 00:00:25.769 efficiently we'll be seeing routine
00:00:28.279 00:00:28.289 maintenance typical repair jobs and
00:00:30.290 00:00:30.300 online temporary fixes what we're going
00:00:33.650 00:00:33.660 to be doing in this segment is give an
00:00:35.450 00:00:35.460 overview of the subject so you'll have a
00:00:36.979 00:00:36.989 broad picture of what your job on heat
00:00:39.170 00:00:39.180 exchangers is going to be we'll also
00:00:42.170 00:00:42.180 look into a couple of very simple
00:00:43.549 00:00:43.559 procedures in more detail before going
00:00:45.830 00:00:45.840 on to a close look at major tasks now
00:00:49.610 00:00:49.620 what a heat exchanger is out of service
00:00:51.380 00:00:51.390 for routine scheduled maintenance
00:00:53.330 00:00:53.340 the first thing needed is a thorough
00:00:55.970 00:00:55.980 cleaning with surface heat exchangers
00:00:59.389 00:00:59.399 condensers and other shell and tube
00:01:01.099 00:01:01.109 units this usually means cleaning out
00:01:03.049 00:01:03.059 the water boxes or headers and clearing
00:01:04.939 00:01:04.949 the tubes of any blockage cleaning an
00:01:07.520 00:01:07.530 inspection is also done with direct
00:01:09.500 00:01:09.510 contact heat exchangers with direct
00:01:12.410 00:01:12.420 contact heat exchangers you're usually
00:01:14.300 00:01:14.310 looking for corrosion and scale and some
00:01:16.789 00:01:16.799 of the problems they'll cause this might
00:01:19.100 00:01:19.110 be blockage of inlet nozzles or loose
00:01:21.080 00:01:21.090 scale might get in to clean feed water
00:01:22.789 00:01:22.799 as it leaves the heat exchanger
00:01:24.910 00:01:24.920 maintenance on direct contact heaters is
00:01:27.499 00:01:27.509 usually nothing but re welding or
00:01:29.270 00:01:29.280 replacing trays and trays supports since
00:01:32.030 00:01:32.040 this is about all you'll ever need to
00:01:33.380 00:01:33.390 worry about with direct contact heat
00:01:35.270 00:01:35.280 exchangers will limit our discussion in
00:01:37.550 00:01:37.560 this unit to maintenance of surface heat
00:01:39.649 00:01:39.659 exchangers cleaning out condensers often
00:01:43.280 00:01:43.290 involves scraping tube sheets and raking
00:01:45.380 00:01:45.390 accumulated crud out of water boxes
00:01:47.499 00:01:47.509 headers and large shell and tube units
00:01:49.880 00:01:49.890 are usually cleaner in smaller units
00:01:52.370 00:01:52.380 it's just a matter of disassembling them
00:01:54.139 00:01:54.149 for cleaning your cleaning methods will
00:01:56.569 00:01:56.579 depend on what's going through the heat
00:01:58.340 00:01:58.350 exchanger and the kinds of impurities in
00:02:00.830 00:02:00.840 the fluids cleaning the inside of tubes
00:02:03.830 00:02:03.840 can be done several ways on bigger units
00:02:06.709 00:02:06.719 if the build-up is moderate and easy to
00:02:08.719 00:02:08.729 remove such as slime from algae and
00:02:10.820 00:02:10.830 other water growth a stream of water
00:02:12.890 00:02:12.900 under high
00:02:13.760 00:02:13.770 we'll do the trick you use a water gun
00:02:16.430 00:02:16.440 which is just held in the end of each
00:02:18.680 00:02:18.690 tube pulling the trigger shoots water
00:02:21.020 00:02:21.030 through the tube
00:02:21.920 00:02:21.930 now sometimes compressed air is mixed
00:02:24.350 00:02:24.360 with the water to churn the muck and
00:02:25.850 00:02:25.860 sludge off the walls of the tubes
00:02:28.240 00:02:28.250 now if deposits are really hard to
00:02:30.500 00:02:30.510 remove the same gun is used to shoot the
00:02:32.750 00:02:32.760 tubes with rubber plugs wire brushes or
00:02:38.180 00:02:38.190 metal scrapers sometimes called bullets
00:02:41.920 00:02:41.930 the one you choose depends on what you
00:02:44.540 00:02:44.550 trying to get out and that depends on
00:02:46.550 00:02:46.560 what's going through the heat exchanger
00:02:49.000 00:02:49.010 another way of cleaning tubes is rotting
00:02:51.620 00:02:51.630 it's the elbow grease version of
00:02:53.660 00:02:53.670 shooting tubes and is practical on small
00:02:55.940 00:02:55.950 heat exchangers like a small oil cooler
00:02:57.830 00:02:57.840 and there are also devices like plumbers
00:03:00.380 00:03:00.390 snakes use to clean drains and sewers
00:03:02.210 00:03:02.220 they remove the toughest stuff with a
00:03:04.640 00:03:04.650 rotating scraper on a flexible cable in
00:03:07.970 00:03:07.980 large heat exchangers tube bundles can
00:03:10.370 00:03:10.380 be pulled out so the outside of tubes
00:03:12.650 00:03:12.660 can be cleaned corrosion scale and
00:03:15.590 00:03:15.600 deposits can be brushed off with wire
00:03:17.240 00:03:17.250 brushes once the heat exchanger is
00:03:20.570 00:03:20.580 cleaned out a thorough and careful
00:03:22.580 00:03:22.590 inspection is in order to find any leaks
00:03:24.620 00:03:24.630 that exist while the system was running
00:03:27.230 00:03:27.240 there may have been no evidence of
00:03:28.970 00:03:28.980 leakage problems regardless it's really
00:03:32.180 00:03:32.190 important to make your inspection as
00:03:33.650 00:03:33.660 thorough as possible
00:03:34.940 00:03:34.950 the more careful you make your
00:03:36.560 00:03:36.570 inspection but less likely it is that a
00:03:38.840 00:03:38.850 problem will crop up before the next
00:03:40.220 00:03:40.230 scheduled maintenance a number of things
00:03:43.280 00:03:43.290 go into this detailed inspection to
00:03:45.320 00:03:45.330 check for leaks and a surface heat
00:03:46.760 00:03:46.770 exchanger you may use a dye check or you
00:03:49.400 00:03:49.410 may perform a vacuum test now these
00:03:51.770 00:03:51.780 might be done while the component is in
00:03:53.690 00:03:53.700 service or they might be performed while
00:03:55.880 00:03:55.890 the unit's down after it's been cleaned
00:03:57.949 00:03:57.959 after cleaning a visual inspection is
00:04:01.190 00:04:01.200 done for evidence of corrosion cracking
00:04:03.860 00:04:03.870 or to look for any more blockage while
00:04:07.970 00:04:07.980 some heat exchanges are in service a
00:04:09.830 00:04:09.840 telltale dye can be added to the water
00:04:11.780 00:04:11.790 going into them to look for any leaks
00:04:13.360 00:04:13.370 this is usually a fluorescent dye that
00:04:16.010 00:04:16.020 glows when it's exposed to blacklight a
00:04:18.890 00:04:18.900 source of ultraviolet light any leakage
00:04:21.590 00:04:21.600 will show up where the dye comes through
00:04:23.330 00:04:23.340 on condensers and other heat exchangers
00:04:26.780 00:04:26.790 which are
00:04:27.260 00:04:27.270 under a vacuum a vacuum check can be
00:04:30.050 00:04:30.060 used to look for leaks it involves
00:04:32.450 00:04:32.460 placing sheets of thin plastic wrap on
00:04:34.790 00:04:34.800 the tube sheets to cover both ends of
00:04:36.860 00:04:36.870 the tubes this is done while a vacuum is
00:04:40.460 00:04:40.470 drawn on the shell of the component now
00:04:42.920 00:04:42.930 the plastic wrap is just like the stuff
00:04:45.110 00:04:45.120 that you use in your kitchen and it
00:04:47.119 00:04:47.129 sticks to the tube sheets as well as to
00:04:49.189 00:04:49.199 itself now if there's a leak in the tube
00:04:51.800 00:04:51.810 the plastic wrap will be sucked into
00:04:53.600 00:04:53.610 that tube that's a dead giveaway
00:04:56.290 00:04:56.300 after a condenser or shell and tube heat
00:04:58.610 00:04:58.620 exchangers clean and a good thorough
00:05:00.830 00:05:00.840 inspections been made any leaks that
00:05:03.110 00:05:03.120 have been found need to be taken care of
00:05:04.640 00:05:04.650 now generally you plug a leaking to but
00:05:07.430 00:05:07.440 each end to keep fluid from going
00:05:08.839 00:05:08.849 through normally you don't try to stop
00:05:10.969 00:05:10.979 the leak itself later on we'll be seeing
00:05:13.670 00:05:13.680 in detail how plugging is done sometimes
00:05:17.120 00:05:17.130 you may find a leak around where a tube
00:05:19.219 00:05:19.229 goes through the tube sheet you might
00:05:21.950 00:05:21.960 have to plug the tube or you may be able
00:05:24.499 00:05:24.509 to weld the end of the tube to the tube
00:05:26.209 00:05:26.219 sheet it's possible you may have to do
00:05:28.700 00:05:28.710 both tube replacement is often a job
00:05:32.029 00:05:32.039 that's farmed out it may be farmed out
00:05:34.100 00:05:34.110 to a reef itter or back to the
00:05:35.719 00:05:35.729 manufacturer of the unit sometimes
00:05:37.700 00:05:37.710 though you may do such a job in house
00:05:40.089 00:05:40.099 tube replacement is almost always done
00:05:42.499 00:05:42.509 in wholesale Lots when so many tubes
00:05:45.170 00:05:45.180 have been plugged that the efficiency of
00:05:46.580 00:05:46.590 the heat exchanger is affected tubes are
00:05:49.730 00:05:49.740 usually set into tube sheets in one of
00:05:51.769 00:05:51.779 two ways
00:05:52.240 00:05:52.250 one method is by rolling which is a way
00:05:55.279 00:05:55.289 of expanding the ends of the tubes into
00:05:57.170 00:05:57.180 corrugated openings in the tube sheet
00:05:59.140 00:05:59.150 the other method is to weld the tubes
00:06:01.999 00:06:02.009 into the tube sheet openings whichever
00:06:05.480 00:06:05.490 way the tubes are set into the tube
00:06:06.950 00:06:06.960 sheet any that have to be replaced must
00:06:09.620 00:06:09.630 be cut away very carefully after
00:06:12.080 00:06:12.090 removing the old tube on the you tube is
00:06:14.059 00:06:14.069 set into place and fixed to the tube
00:06:15.740 00:06:15.750 sheet the same way as the original tube
00:06:18.459 00:06:18.469 will be studying these things in more
00:06:20.629 00:06:20.639 detail further on will be going into
00:06:22.610 00:06:22.620 inspection cleaning and repair jobs on
00:06:25.070 00:06:25.080 both large and small heat exchangers and
00:06:27.200 00:06:27.210 we'll take a look at some of the
00:06:28.820 00:06:28.830 equipment you'll be using on the job to
00:06:30.680 00:06:30.690 see how it's done
00:06:32.260 00:06:32.270 before we go on let me mention the
00:06:35.029 00:06:35.039 importance of sacrificial anodes
00:06:37.700 00:06:37.710 they aren't used in all heat exchangers
00:06:39.830 00:06:39.840 but attention has to be paid to them
00:06:41.780 00:06:41.790 where they are used there really isn't
00:06:44.900 00:06:44.910 much you can say about sacrificial
00:06:46.730 00:06:46.740 anodes except that they're a little bit
00:06:47.900 00:06:47.910 heavy and the details of their
00:06:49.640 00:06:49.650 maintenance are so simple that we won't
00:06:50.990 00:06:51.000 spend a lot of time on the subject we've
00:06:53.450 00:06:53.460 already talked about them and discuss
00:06:54.800 00:06:54.810 the way they work they're called
00:06:57.680 00:06:57.690 sacrificial because they are eaten away
00:06:59.930 00:06:59.940 by corrosion rather than the metals of
00:07:02.150 00:07:02.160 the heat exchanger when they're worn
00:07:04.250 00:07:04.260 down so far they have to be replaced
00:07:06.280 00:07:06.290 just when is usually a matter of
00:07:08.390 00:07:08.400 judgment but one rule of thumb is to
00:07:11.270 00:07:11.280 replace them when they're more than 50%
00:07:13.190 00:07:13.200 eaten away or when they are in danger of
00:07:16.190 00:07:16.200 coming loose from their mountings
00:07:18.280 00:07:18.290 replacement is a straightforward job of
00:07:20.600 00:07:20.610 just bolting a new one in the place of
00:07:23.000 00:07:23.010 the old one and you're done after all
00:07:27.860 00:07:27.870 the rest of your maintenance tasks are
00:07:29.390 00:07:29.400 completed it's time to clean up tools
00:07:31.610 00:07:31.620 and equipment when you've made sure that
00:07:34.010 00:07:34.020 nothing's been overlooked the unit can
00:07:36.080 00:07:36.090 be closed up it might be tested before
00:07:39.530 00:07:39.540 it's put back into service
00:07:40.730 00:07:40.740 this might include flow testing pressure
00:07:43.790 00:07:43.800 or vacuum testing leak tests and so
00:07:46.340 00:07:46.350 forth it has to pass any tests that are
00:07:49.580 00:07:49.590 performed before the component is ready
00:07:51.140 00:07:51.150 to go back online routine maintenance
00:07:54.500 00:07:54.510 tasks are usually pretty simple about as
00:07:57.350 00:07:57.360 simple as heat exchangers themselves
00:07:59.150 00:07:59.160 still each job has to be done with care
00:08:02.240 00:08:02.250 and thoroughly completed then you can
00:08:05.450 00:08:05.460 expect everything to work just fine when
00:08:07.310 00:08:07.320 the system's put back into service now
00:08:10.460 00:08:10.470 before we go on further pause to study
00:08:12.920 00:08:12.930 the first section of your text and
00:08:14.420 00:08:14.430 answer the questions get your instructor
00:08:16.760 00:08:16.770 to clear up any questions you may have
00:08:18.160 00:08:18.170 when we come back we're going to see
00:08:20.840 00:08:20.850 what any big heat exchanger job begins
00:08:23.030 00:08:23.040 with
00:08:23.840 00:08:23.850 00:08:33.670 00:08:33.680 so far we've seen that heat exchangers
00:08:36.560 00:08:36.570 are really pretty simple devices it
00:08:39.080 00:08:39.090 doesn't exactly take the skill of a
00:08:40.550 00:08:40.560 surgeon to operate on a heat exchanger
00:08:42.950 00:08:42.960 and the tools you need to work on a heat
00:08:45.140 00:08:45.150 exchanger aren't as varied and complex
00:08:47.120 00:08:47.130 as those you'd find in the operating
00:08:48.560 00:08:48.570 room either nevertheless it's important
00:08:51.380 00:08:51.390 to give thought and care to any job you
00:08:53.360 00:08:53.370 do the things you do to prepare for the
00:08:55.670 00:08:55.680 job call for thought about what you'll
00:08:57.440 00:08:57.450 be doing and the precautions necessary
00:08:59.480 00:08:59.490 to ensure doing the job safely deserve
00:09:02.180 00:09:02.190 consideration - now when we prepare for
00:09:05.630 00:09:05.640 any maintenance job we've got to select
00:09:08.000 00:09:08.010 the tools necessary to do the job these
00:09:10.820 00:09:10.830 tools include safety items as well as
00:09:13.220 00:09:13.230 stuff for mechanical work part of our
00:09:15.980 00:09:15.990 preparations also include procedures we
00:09:18.680 00:09:18.690 have to follow - ready the equipment to
00:09:20.720 00:09:20.730 be worked on these practices include
00:09:23.540 00:09:23.550 shutting down the system and tagging
00:09:25.520 00:09:25.530 equipment so it won't be operated while
00:09:27.770 00:09:27.780 you're doing work now when a work order
00:09:30.710 00:09:30.720 comes down for a maintenance job the
00:09:33.290 00:09:33.300 first thing to do is check out the
00:09:35.120 00:09:35.130 equipment you'll be working on you
00:09:37.490 00:09:37.500 should also look at any manufacturers
00:09:39.530 00:09:39.540 manuals or spec sheets on the equipment
00:09:41.630 00:09:41.640 this way you can figure out exactly what
00:09:44.750 00:09:44.760 you'll need to do the job if you know
00:09:47.390 00:09:47.400 what you'll be working on and if you
00:09:49.400 00:09:49.410 know what the task is then you can
00:09:51.890 00:09:51.900 decide what tools and equipment you need
00:09:54.820 00:09:54.830 let's see what this takes Mel here just
00:09:59.030 00:09:59.040 got a work order to open and inspect the
00:10:01.130 00:10:01.140 waterboxxes of the main condenser on
00:10:03.320 00:10:03.330 turbine unit number 12
00:10:05.180 00:10:05.190 now maintenance practices vary from
00:10:07.970 00:10:07.980 place to place in Mel's plant the
00:10:11.150 00:10:11.160 operations people are responsible for
00:10:13.310 00:10:13.320 shutting down the Associated systems and
00:10:15.530 00:10:15.540 draining the condenser in some plants
00:10:18.320 00:10:18.330 Mel might do this part of the
00:10:20.240 00:10:20.250 preparation himself equipment tags are
00:10:24.110 00:10:24.120 placed on all valves and controls to be
00:10:26.390 00:10:26.400 sure they're not operated this will
00:10:29.030 00:10:29.040 prevent unpleasant surprises while the
00:10:31.100 00:10:31.110 jobs going on while he's at it
00:10:33.920 00:10:33.930 Mel checks the size of the hardware so
00:10:36.350 00:10:36.360 he'll have the right sized wrenches to
00:10:38.270 00:10:38.280 open the condenser up back at the tool
00:10:41.360 00:10:41.370 room it's just a matter of checking out
00:10:43.130 00:10:43.140 the right tools and equipment
00:10:44.900 00:10:44.910 and making sure that nothing's
00:10:46.520 00:10:46.530 overlooked and while we're at it how
00:10:49.040 00:10:49.050 about looking over the equipment to make
00:10:50.840 00:10:50.850 sure it's okay
00:10:51.860 00:10:51.870 a visual inspection of tools and
00:10:54.140 00:10:54.150 equipment can save a trip back to the
00:10:56.240 00:10:56.250 tool room or possibly might save a trip
00:10:58.850 00:10:58.860 to the doctor let's take a look at the
00:11:01.880 00:11:01.890 equipment needs for this job since Mel
00:11:05.270 00:11:05.280 or his coworker will be working in a wet
00:11:07.580 00:11:07.590 confined area he chooses special low
00:11:10.610 00:11:10.620 voltage safety lighting to protect
00:11:12.620 00:11:12.630 against a shock hazard they'll need an
00:11:15.290 00:11:15.300 impact wrench and a large socket to
00:11:17.510 00:11:17.520 loosen the retaining nuts on the
00:11:19.130 00:11:19.140 waterboxx doors and it would be a good
00:11:21.860 00:11:21.870 idea to take a crowbar along just in
00:11:24.170 00:11:24.180 case the swivel studs are really tight a
00:11:26.830 00:11:26.840 rain suit and boots will help keep them
00:11:29.780 00:11:29.790 dry inside the water box especially if
00:11:32.540 00:11:32.550 they have to do any cleaning of the
00:11:34.130 00:11:34.140 water box or the tubes now if any
00:11:37.730 00:11:37.740 chemical corrosion inhibitors were used
00:11:39.680 00:11:39.690 in this system very special precautions
00:11:42.560 00:11:42.570 would be needed to protect the eyes and
00:11:44.480 00:11:44.490 the skin many of these are chromate
00:11:47.150 00:11:47.160 solutions and they're especially
00:11:48.650 00:11:48.660 hazardous if you have no protection
00:11:51.310 00:11:51.320 sometimes breathing protection is even
00:11:53.750 00:11:53.760 needed where these chemicals are used
00:11:55.570 00:11:55.580 they'll need an air quality check a
00:11:58.490 00:11:58.500 sniff tester like this one not only
00:12:01.550 00:12:01.560 tells if there's enough oxygen to
00:12:03.440 00:12:03.450 breathe inside the confined workspace
00:12:05.120 00:12:05.130 but also signals if there are any
00:12:07.490 00:12:07.500 explosive gases present in Mel's plant
00:12:11.450 00:12:11.460 the instrumentation people are
00:12:13.400 00:12:13.410 responsible for doing this check but in
00:12:15.890 00:12:15.900 a lot of places mell would do it for
00:12:17.930 00:12:17.940 himself
00:12:19.390 00:12:19.400 now since the cooling water and this
00:12:21.680 00:12:21.690 plants condensers comes in from the
00:12:23.540 00:12:23.550 river nearby there's likely to be a lot
00:12:25.490 00:12:25.500 of muck inside so in order to do a
00:12:28.040 00:12:28.050 thorough and complete inspection in the
00:12:30.050 00:12:30.060 condenser Mel's helper is going to need
00:12:32.720 00:12:32.730 to clean accumulated junk out of the
00:12:34.670 00:12:34.680 water box and off the face of the tube
00:12:36.410 00:12:36.420 sheets first for this he'll need pics
00:12:39.080 00:12:39.090 and scrapers and a rake will make it
00:12:41.000 00:12:41.010 easier to get the big stuff a shovel and
00:12:43.490 00:12:43.500 a container to pass the crud out to be
00:12:45.380 00:12:45.390 dumped round out what they'll need for
00:12:47.090 00:12:47.100 this part of the job because they're
00:12:50.090 00:12:50.100 sure of having to clean out the tubes
00:12:52.010 00:12:52.020 they'll be certain to check out a
00:12:53.870 00:12:53.880 high-pressure water gun and maybe a
00:12:55.820 00:12:55.830 bunch of scrapers brushes or squeegees
00:12:58.160 00:12:58.170 to shoot
00:12:58.770 00:12:58.780 tubes with this will come later in this
00:13:00.930 00:13:00.940 job and now it's down to the job when
00:13:05.190 00:13:05.200 our worker was looking over the unit
00:13:06.720 00:13:06.730 earlier he made sure the water boxes
00:13:09.120 00:13:09.130 were drained and that equipment had been
00:13:10.620 00:13:10.630 tagged out so he knows it's safe to open
00:13:12.720 00:13:12.730 up the condenser it's been a while since
00:13:15.660 00:13:15.670 this units been opened up so the impact
00:13:18.000 00:13:18.010 wrench will make it a lot easier to open
00:13:19.740 00:13:19.750 it than if they had to use hand tools
00:13:21.620 00:13:21.630 the large nuts are backed off only
00:13:24.360 00:13:24.370 enough to allow the studs to be swiveled
00:13:26.520 00:13:26.530 out of the way when the last one loose
00:13:28.830 00:13:28.840 the door comes open easily after opening
00:13:32.940 00:13:32.950 two doors on each side of the water box
00:13:35.280 00:13:35.290 the very first thing to do is an air
00:13:38.130 00:13:38.140 quality check this is necessary before
00:13:40.770 00:13:40.780 you go to work in any kind of confined
00:13:43.320 00:13:43.330 area the sniff tester is calibrated for
00:13:46.170 00:13:46.180 both readings it'll take after
00:13:48.090 00:13:48.100 calibrating the meter a sample of the
00:13:50.490 00:13:50.500 atmosphere and the water box is drawn
00:13:52.380 00:13:52.390 into the tester through the nozzle at
00:13:54.090 00:13:54.100 the end of the hose the meter shows how
00:13:56.580 00:13:56.590 much oxygen content is in the air and
00:13:58.440 00:13:58.450 any percentage of explosive gases if
00:14:02.790 00:14:02.800 either reading falls outside the safe
00:14:05.130 00:14:05.140 limits on alarm goes off and the meter
00:14:07.770 00:14:07.780 will tell you exactly what's wrong in
00:14:10.160 00:14:10.170 this case there's plenty of oxygen
00:14:12.330 00:14:12.340 inside and no gases are present to cause
00:14:14.700 00:14:14.710 danger if there were the water box would
00:14:17.640 00:14:17.650 have to be ventilated or if it were
00:14:20.340 00:14:20.350 impossible to ventilate anyone working
00:14:22.530 00:14:22.540 inside would have to use a respirator
00:14:25.280 00:14:25.290 even though the air inside the water box
00:14:27.780 00:14:27.790 is safe this crew has decided to provide
00:14:30.690 00:14:30.700 ventilation using this large fan the
00:14:34.050 00:14:34.060 fresh plant air will make it more
00:14:35.460 00:14:35.470 pleasant to work inside the water box
00:14:38.060 00:14:38.070 now this units been shut down for a
00:14:40.350 00:14:40.360 couple of days so it's cool enough to
00:14:43.080 00:14:43.090 work in without danger of fatigue or
00:14:45.120 00:14:45.130 heat exhaustion if it were still hot
00:14:47.610 00:14:47.620 they might have to take special
00:14:49.080 00:14:49.090 precautions such as extra ventilation
00:14:51.480 00:14:51.490 for cooling or even reduce the work
00:14:53.640 00:14:53.650 cycle to prevent heat exhaustion from
00:14:55.740 00:14:55.750 working in a hot environment of course
00:14:58.500 00:14:58.510 our mechanics are observing the two-man
00:15:00.330 00:15:00.340 rule - this is a very basic safety rule
00:15:03.390 00:15:03.400 for any kind of work in a confined space
00:15:05.300 00:15:05.310 there's always one man on the outside
00:15:07.950 00:15:07.960 not only to serve as a helper but to
00:15:10.290 00:15:10.300 ensure the safety of the worker in
00:15:12.350 00:15:12.360 the man can call for help and provide
00:15:15.690 00:15:15.700 assistance if the worker inside gets
00:15:17.700 00:15:17.710 into any trouble all these preparations
00:15:20.790 00:15:20.800 and precautions we've talked about in
00:15:23.190 00:15:23.200 this part of the program make the job
00:15:25.260 00:15:25.270 easier and safer easier because the
00:15:28.980 00:15:28.990 thoughtful planning that goes into
00:15:30.330 00:15:30.340 getting ready for the job keeps the
00:15:32.040 00:15:32.050 number of steps involved down to a
00:15:33.720 00:15:33.730 minimum and safer because the care
00:15:36.960 00:15:36.970 that's taken to observe precautions in
00:15:39.180 00:15:39.190 doing the job ensure that the worker
00:15:41.520 00:15:41.530 doesn't have to deal with unnecessary
00:15:43.290 00:15:43.300 dangers on the job in this part we've
00:15:47.400 00:15:47.410 looked at preparations such as draining
00:15:49.350 00:15:49.360 the condenser and shutting off valves
00:15:51.330 00:15:51.340 and pumps in the system choosing tools
00:15:53.490 00:15:53.500 and equipment for the job and opening up
00:15:55.650 00:15:55.660 the unit we've also talked about safety
00:15:58.170 00:15:58.180 precautions like tagging out equipment
00:16:00.120 00:16:00.130 special safety lighting air testing and
00:16:02.970 00:16:02.980 the two-man rule for working in a
00:16:04.920 00:16:04.930 confined space and we've seen all these
00:16:07.590 00:16:07.600 preparations and precautions followed
00:16:09.480 00:16:09.490 properly up to the point where the
00:16:11.640 00:16:11.650 condenser is open and they're ready for
00:16:13.800 00:16:13.810 work to begin now all these procedures
00:16:16.560 00:16:16.570 also apply to work on large shell and
00:16:19.350 00:16:19.360 tube heat exchangers in some cases the
00:16:22.380 00:16:22.390 headers will be opened up so the problem
00:16:24.390 00:16:24.400 of a confined workspace doesn't exist
00:16:26.579 00:16:26.589 but gases can still be present as the
00:16:29.730 00:16:29.740 head is coming off we'll be looking
00:16:32.010 00:16:32.020 inside a large shell and tube heat
00:16:33.570 00:16:33.580 exchanger further on as we follow Mel's
00:16:36.120 00:16:36.130 job - before we go on to the actual work
00:16:39.240 00:16:39.250 to be done pause now to read through
00:16:41.400 00:16:41.410 chapter 2 in your text and answer the
00:16:43.470 00:16:43.480 questions your instructor will discuss
00:16:45.900 00:16:45.910 any special procedures that are followed
00:16:47.850 00:16:47.860 in your plant and can answer any
00:16:49.829 00:16:49.839 questions you may have when we get back
00:16:52.320 00:16:52.330 we'll follow our workers through their
00:16:54.329 00:16:54.339 job cleaning and inspecting the
00:16:55.950 00:16:55.960 condenser and we'll also take a look at
00:16:58.350 00:16:58.360 some of the same kinds of operations on
00:17:00.270 00:17:00.280 large shell and tube heat exchangers
00:17:02.960 00:17:02.970 00:17:17.720 00:17:17.730 as we saw earlier there are basically
00:17:20.340 00:17:20.350 just two things that can go wrong with
00:17:22.439 00:17:22.449 heat exchangers one of these is blockage
00:17:24.840 00:17:24.850 and leakage is the other in this part of
00:17:27.929 00:17:27.939 the program we'll take a look at the
00:17:29.580 00:17:29.590 first one of these maintenance problems
00:17:31.230 00:17:31.240 blockage we'll examine the problem in
00:17:33.899 00:17:33.909 two ways first we'll talk about the
00:17:36.000 00:17:36.010 various routines you'll be using to
00:17:37.529 00:17:37.539 clean large surface heat exchangers and
00:17:39.710 00:17:39.720 second will see some automatic methods
00:17:42.509 00:17:42.519 of cleaning that are used to slow down a
00:17:44.340 00:17:44.350 buildup of the things that stop up a
00:17:46.529 00:17:46.539 heat exchanger now depending on what
00:17:49.620 00:17:49.630 fluids go through a particular heat
00:17:51.360 00:17:51.370 exchanger it's pretty easy to know just
00:17:53.669 00:17:53.679 what to expect when you open up a unit
00:17:55.740 00:17:55.750 after a long period of service when our
00:17:58.649 00:17:58.659 mechanic got the work order to open and
00:18:00.629 00:18:00.639 inspect the main condenser on number 12
00:18:02.850 00:18:02.860 he knew pretty much what he was going to
00:18:04.620 00:18:04.630 find he planned the job accordingly he
00:18:08.549 00:18:08.559 chose the necessary cleaning tools as
00:18:10.350 00:18:10.360 well as his personal protective gear
00:18:12.529 00:18:12.539 once the unit was opened up from the air
00:18:15.060 00:18:15.070 quality check told him the air was safe
00:18:16.680 00:18:16.690 inside all it took was a quick
00:18:18.659 00:18:18.669 inspection to confirm his judgment oh
00:18:20.759 00:18:20.769 what a mess oh well it could have been a
00:18:24.120 00:18:24.130 lot worse
00:18:24.810 00:18:24.820 the unit had been in service for quite a
00:18:26.879 00:18:26.889 while and in all that time this was all
00:18:29.460 00:18:29.470 that had accumulated inside well the
00:18:32.399 00:18:32.409 first thing to do is suit up and go
00:18:33.899 00:18:33.909 inside our workers got to be careful of
00:18:36.659 00:18:36.669 his footing in that water box the
00:18:38.370 00:18:38.380 surface is in there very slippery the
00:18:40.230 00:18:40.240 last thing he wants to do is fall and
00:18:41.909 00:18:41.919 take a bath in that stuff or hurt
00:18:43.950 00:18:43.960 himself scraping the tube sheet and
00:18:47.009 00:18:47.019 picking things out of the ends of the
00:18:48.480 00:18:48.490 tubes just requires patience to get it
00:18:51.330 00:18:51.340 all it really doesn't matter whether he
00:18:54.180 00:18:54.190 cleans the tube sheets first or shovels
00:18:56.129 00:18:56.139 off the water box it's all got to go but
00:18:58.950 00:18:58.960 if the stuff in the water box isn't
00:19:01.230 00:19:01.240 downright hazardous it's more practical
00:19:02.940 00:19:02.950 to clean the tube sheets first why clean
00:19:05.460 00:19:05.470 the water box twice cleaning the tube
00:19:08.279 00:19:08.289 sheets is made easier with the use of
00:19:09.930 00:19:09.940 wire picks to get to the inside of the
00:19:12.120 00:19:12.130 tubes with the most junk stuck into them
00:19:14.000 00:19:14.010 be sure to use care though
00:19:16.630 00:19:16.640 some tubes are made of soft metal and
00:19:18.460 00:19:18.470 you could damage them bristle or wire
00:19:21.340 00:19:21.350 brushes may be used later to get any
00:19:23.380 00:19:23.390 slime accumulation from the face of the
00:19:25.360 00:19:25.370 tube sheet once the tube sheets been
00:19:28.270 00:19:28.280 picked clean our workers make a sort of
00:19:30.880 00:19:30.890 two-man bucket brigade passing all the
00:19:33.220 00:19:33.230 crud out and dumping it for disposal
00:19:36.720 00:19:36.730 shooting the tubes involves the use of a
00:19:39.130 00:19:39.140 high-pressure water gun like this one
00:19:40.870 00:19:40.880 depending on the kind and amount of
00:19:42.730 00:19:42.740 garbage that's blocking the tubes the
00:19:44.800 00:19:44.810 mechanic may do the job one of four ways
00:19:47.370 00:19:47.380 if there's only mud or silt accumulated
00:19:50.800 00:19:50.810 inside the tubes you may just use a
00:19:52.840 00:19:52.850 stream of water from the gun
00:19:54.720 00:19:54.730 sometimes a gun like this may have a
00:19:56.920 00:19:56.930 fitting that allows pumping in
00:19:58.420 00:19:58.430 compressed air to turn stubborn
00:19:59.980 00:19:59.990 accumulation off the walls of the tubes
00:20:01.720 00:20:01.730 a second method he might use is rubber
00:20:05.560 00:20:05.570 squeegees that just fit inside the tubes
00:20:07.780 00:20:07.790 these are forced through the tubes by
00:20:10.270 00:20:10.280 the stream of water they remove slime or
00:20:12.580 00:20:12.590 soft deposits from the tube walls better
00:20:14.500 00:20:14.510 than water or water and air do the third
00:20:17.680 00:20:17.690 thing used to shoot tubes is a tight
00:20:19.420 00:20:19.430 fitting wire brush with rubber plugs at
00:20:22.030 00:20:22.040 both ends the rubber plug pushes the
00:20:24.640 00:20:24.650 brush through on the stream of water
00:20:26.590 00:20:26.600 from the gun the plug that goes through
00:20:29.350 00:20:29.360 first clears any soft deposits while the
00:20:32.410 00:20:32.420 brush removes harder deposits and scale
00:20:35.640 00:20:35.650 the fourth item he could use is for
00:20:38.170 00:20:38.180 really heavy hard deposits on strong
00:20:40.060 00:20:40.070 tube materials such as stainless steel
00:20:42.030 00:20:42.040 this bullet is a fend scraper which will
00:20:46.390 00:20:46.400 scrape loose chemicals and corrosion
00:20:48.220 00:20:48.230 deposits even wire brushes won't remove
00:20:51.840 00:20:51.850 in this case the worker is using brushes
00:20:54.460 00:20:54.470 to shoot the tubes he inserts a bunch of
00:20:57.280 00:20:57.290 them at one time into a section of tubes
00:20:59.140 00:20:59.150 he may do several hundred at once when
00:21:03.190 00:21:03.200 they're all placed in the tubes he
00:21:04.570 00:21:04.580 shoots them through one at a time with
00:21:06.160 00:21:06.170 the same high-pressure water gun he uses
00:21:07.960 00:21:07.970 when just shooting the tubes with water
00:21:10.290 00:21:10.300 it's really important to make sure no
00:21:12.730 00:21:12.740 one's in the other water box the force
00:21:14.950 00:21:14.960 of the rushes coming through could hurt
00:21:16.540 00:21:16.550 someone pretty bad after he's done with
00:21:19.540 00:21:19.550 one group of tubes a helper will collect
00:21:21.850 00:21:21.860 the bullets from the water box at the
00:21:23.440 00:21:23.450 other end while he's doing this our
00:21:25.570 00:21:25.580 mechanic places a mother bunch of
00:21:27.100 00:21:27.110 bullets into the next group of tubes and
00:21:28.900 00:21:28.910 signals his helper
00:21:30.590 00:21:30.600 he's ready to shoot them communications
00:21:33.110 00:21:33.120 with everyone are really important so no
00:21:35.299 00:21:35.309 one will get hurt
00:21:36.460 00:21:36.470 to shoot the tubes all he has to do once
00:21:39.680 00:21:39.690 the bullets are in place is to hold the
00:21:41.930 00:21:41.940 nozzle of the water gun firmly in the
00:21:44.150 00:21:44.160 mouth of each tube and pull the trigger
00:21:46.180 00:21:46.190 he can feel the water pressure and he
00:21:49.070 00:21:49.080 can tell by this feel when the bullet
00:21:50.870 00:21:50.880 has gone through and out the other end
00:21:52.700 00:21:52.710 of the tube now occasionally the workers
00:21:56.150 00:21:56.160 going to find that a tube is blocked so
00:21:58.159 00:21:58.169 badly that a bullet won't clear it when
00:22:01.039 00:22:01.049 this happens he's going to get wet this
00:22:03.890 00:22:03.900 is why he's kept his rain suit on and
00:22:06.020 00:22:06.030 why he's wearing safety glasses while
00:22:08.210 00:22:08.220 he's performing this chore chemicals in
00:22:11.510 00:22:11.520 the deposits or in the water could be
00:22:13.430 00:22:13.440 harmful in order to get all the tubes in
00:22:17.149 00:22:17.159 the condenser or any big shell and tube
00:22:19.399 00:22:19.409 heat exchanger it'll take a fair amount
00:22:21.380 00:22:21.390 of time to go through this process over
00:22:23.360 00:22:23.370 and over again a bunch at a time
00:22:27.279 00:22:27.289 now the basic jobs not much different on
00:22:29.990 00:22:30.000 a large shell and tube heat exchanger in
00:22:32.779 00:22:32.789 the case of this large heater shooting
00:22:34.789 00:22:34.799 the tubes was done with high-pressure
00:22:36.260 00:22:36.270 water and compressed air and that was
00:22:38.539 00:22:38.549 good enough to remove the small amounts
00:22:40.190 00:22:40.200 of scale that were in the tubing
00:22:41.680 00:22:41.690 although the tools and implements are
00:22:44.090 00:22:44.100 pretty much the same as the ones we saw
00:22:45.950 00:22:45.960 the mechanic using on the condenser one
00:22:48.560 00:22:48.570 thing you have to think about with a you
00:22:50.270 00:22:50.280 tube heat exchanger is what you shoot
00:22:53.029 00:22:53.039 the tubes with longer bullets or brushes
00:22:56.360 00:22:56.370 can get hung up in the bend and the
00:22:58.130 00:22:58.140 tubes when the outsides of the tubes
00:23:01.310 00:23:01.320 need to be cleaned it's necessary to
00:23:03.350 00:23:03.360 pull the tube bundle out of the heater
00:23:06.640 00:23:06.650 this flange is separated and tracks and
00:23:09.770 00:23:09.780 slides or rollers are provided inside
00:23:11.810 00:23:11.820 the shell to allow the tube bundle to be
00:23:13.730 00:23:13.740 pulled out when the tubes are out in the
00:23:16.520 00:23:16.530 open you can wire brush scale away in
00:23:20.080 00:23:20.090 oil heaters if you have to get all the
00:23:22.850 00:23:22.860 oil off the tubes for any reason you can
00:23:24.919 00:23:24.929 use solvents made for that purpose now
00:23:27.500 00:23:27.510 once all the tubes are cleared and when
00:23:29.810 00:23:29.820 water boxes or headers are clean the
00:23:32.210 00:23:32.220 next job at hand is finding and plugging
00:23:34.370 00:23:34.380 leakage before we follow on to the next
00:23:37.250 00:23:37.260 step though we'd like to take a look at
00:23:39.770 00:23:39.780 a couple of other ways of keeping shell
00:23:41.720 00:23:41.730 and tube heat exchangers clean
00:23:43.920 00:23:43.930 one mechanical method some plants use is
00:23:47.200 00:23:47.210 sort of like the snake plumber uses to
00:23:50.020 00:23:50.030 clean out your home plumbing a rotating
00:23:52.750 00:23:52.760 set of blades on the end of a cable is
00:23:54.550 00:23:54.560 fed through the tubes in a heat
00:23:55.960 00:23:55.970 exchanger to remove very tough scaly
00:23:58.570 00:23:58.580 deposits like the scrapers used in
00:24:01.690 00:24:01.700 shooting tubes this method of cleaning
00:24:03.820 00:24:03.830 is usually reserved for the toughest
00:24:06.010 00:24:06.020 cleaning jobs on tubes of strong
00:24:07.930 00:24:07.940 material in addition to these
00:24:11.410 00:24:11.420 do-it-yourself methods there are some
00:24:13.180 00:24:13.190 automatic systems for keeping condensers
00:24:15.310 00:24:15.320 and a shell and tube heat exchangers
00:24:16.810 00:24:16.820 clean now these automatic systems fall
00:24:19.210 00:24:19.220 into two categories the first is
00:24:21.310 00:24:21.320 mechanical cleaning and the second is
00:24:23.170 00:24:23.180 chemical cleaning automatic mechanical
00:24:26.350 00:24:26.360 cleaning systems are found in many
00:24:27.700 00:24:27.710 plants that utilize river or ocean water
00:24:30.130 00:24:30.140 for cooling water and condensers and
00:24:31.870 00:24:31.880 other heat exchangers a common system
00:24:34.570 00:24:34.580 circulates rough sponge balls through
00:24:37.240 00:24:37.250 the tubes and collects them to be pumped
00:24:39.370 00:24:39.380 back through a use of these automatic
00:24:42.130 00:24:42.140 systems cuts down on the need for
00:24:43.510 00:24:43.520 periodic cleaning where fresh clean
00:24:45.550 00:24:45.560 water can't be used in a heat exchanger
00:24:48.630 00:24:48.640 chemical cleaning systems automatically
00:24:50.920 00:24:50.930 chlorinate the incoming cooling water to
00:24:53.020 00:24:53.030 kill and prevent algae growth the
00:24:55.630 00:24:55.640 collection of slime on the inside of
00:24:57.370 00:24:57.380 tubes and on tube sheets is reduced and
00:25:00.160 00:25:00.170 this keeps cleaning jobs to a minimum
00:25:03.600 00:25:03.610 altogether the methods we've examined in
00:25:06.580 00:25:06.590 this part of the program manual and
00:25:08.650 00:25:08.660 automatic are typical of the cleaning
00:25:11.080 00:25:11.090 methods used in the plant these methods
00:25:13.870 00:25:13.880 are the methods used for larger shell
00:25:15.670 00:25:15.680 and tube heat exchangers and for surface
00:25:17.950 00:25:17.960 condensers a little later in the program
00:25:20.800 00:25:20.810 we'll examine smaller shell and tube
00:25:22.780 00:25:22.790 heat exchanger maintenance but before we
00:25:24.550 00:25:24.560 do we'll look at maintenance practices
00:25:26.470 00:25:26.480 to plug leaks in larger heat exchangers
00:25:29.460 00:25:29.470 for the time being pause and read
00:25:31.750 00:25:31.760 section 3 of your text and answer the
00:25:33.610 00:25:33.620 00:25:36.010 00:25:36.020 the methods used in your plant to keep
00:25:38.080 00:25:38.090 larger surface heat exchangers clean
00:25:40.080 00:25:40.090 make sure you have a good understanding
00:25:41.920 00:25:41.930 of these methods and ask your instructor
00:25:44.260 00:25:44.270 00:25:46.470 00:25:46.480 00:26:02.740 00:26:02.750 in the last section of our program we
00:26:05.750 00:26:05.760 talked about how there are basically
00:26:07.010 00:26:07.020 only two maintenance problems with heat
00:26:08.750 00:26:08.760 exchangers a blockage was one of these
00:26:11.060 00:26:11.070 problems and we looked at the procedures
00:26:12.980 00:26:12.990 you'll use to clear out blockage in
00:26:14.630 00:26:14.640 large components we also talked about
00:26:17.000 00:26:17.010 cleaning out the heat exchangers before
00:26:19.040 00:26:19.050 inspecting them for any evidence of
00:26:20.510 00:26:20.520 leakage leakage is the second of the two
00:26:23.690 00:26:23.700 problems you'll have to deal with when
00:26:25.370 00:26:25.380 you work on heat exchangers and that's
00:26:27.320 00:26:27.330 what we're going to be talking about in
00:26:28.610 00:26:28.620 this segment we're going to follow mel
00:26:30.950 00:26:30.960 and his crew as they look for some
00:26:32.540 00:26:32.550 evidence of leakage in the condenser we
00:26:34.430 00:26:34.440 saw them cleaning we'll also take a look
00:26:36.680 00:26:36.690 inside the big feed water heater we've
00:26:38.420 00:26:38.430 seen will show you how leaks are taken
00:26:40.640 00:26:40.650 care of in these big components -
00:26:43.240 00:26:43.250 earlier on we saw Melanie's helper clean
00:26:46.070 00:26:46.080 out the condenser water box they scrape
00:26:48.560 00:26:48.570 the tube sheets and picked abri out of
00:26:50.480 00:26:50.490 the ends of the tubes then the water box
00:26:52.670 00:26:52.680 was shoveled clean finally Mel's helper
00:26:55.970 00:26:55.980 shot the tubes of the condenser to clear
00:26:57.920 00:26:57.930 them of any crud that had accumulated
00:26:59.210 00:26:59.220 inside them now that the water side of
00:27:03.020 00:27:03.030 the condensers been cleaned they can
00:27:04.490 00:27:04.500 look for tube leaks and you can do this
00:27:06.500 00:27:06.510 in a couple of different ways one of
00:27:08.510 00:27:08.520 these methods is a very simple test this
00:27:11.390 00:27:11.400 test uses the same plastic wrap that's
00:27:13.250 00:27:13.260 so popular for use in the kitchen of
00:27:15.170 00:27:15.180 course there are many brands of this
00:27:16.730 00:27:16.740 wrap available but this is the stuff
00:27:18.860 00:27:18.870 that seems to stick to everything even
00:27:20.950 00:27:20.960 itself a vacuum is drawn on the shell
00:27:24.770 00:27:24.780 side of the condenser as if it were in
00:27:26.660 00:27:26.670 operation now this step is unnecessary
00:27:29.240 00:27:29.250 if the condenser is operating under
00:27:30.590 00:27:30.600 reduced load with it half opened up the
00:27:33.650 00:27:33.660 plastic wrap is laid over wetted tube
00:27:35.750 00:27:35.760 sheets like wallpaper sheets of plastic
00:27:38.480 00:27:38.490 are overlapped so all the ends of the
00:27:40.460 00:27:40.470 tubes are covered you do this at both
00:27:42.920 00:27:42.930 ends of the tubes so they'll be sealed
00:27:44.840 00:27:44.850 off completely if there's a leak in any
00:27:47.990 00:27:48.000 tube the plastic wrap will be sucked
00:27:49.880 00:27:49.890 into the ends of the tube that's leaking
00:27:51.880 00:27:51.890 you can even tell how bad the leak is if
00:27:55.040 00:27:55.050 it's big the wrap may be sucked in so
00:27:57.290 00:27:57.300 hard it'll pop in the opening
00:28:00.270 00:28:00.280 other substances can be used for this
00:28:02.160 00:28:02.170 test a soap and water mix or foam can be
00:28:05.040 00:28:05.050 brushed over the tube sheet where the
00:28:07.320 00:28:07.330 bubbles are sucked in reveals leaking
00:28:09.420 00:28:09.430 tubes wherever a leak is found the tube
00:28:12.780 00:28:12.790 is plugged at both ends so the cooling
00:28:14.910 00:28:14.920 water won't get into the condensate when
00:28:16.980 00:28:16.990 the systems running
00:28:18.200 00:28:18.210 tubes are plugged like this instead of
00:28:20.550 00:28:20.560 being repaired because it isn't possible
00:28:22.440 00:28:22.450 to get into the tube bundle to all the
00:28:24.330 00:28:24.340 places the tube might be leaking in a
00:28:27.090 00:28:27.100 minute we'll see how leaking tubes are
00:28:28.560 00:28:28.570 plugged but before we do let's look at
00:28:30.840 00:28:30.850 another way we have to look for tube
00:28:32.340 00:28:32.350 leaks this is a test that has to be done
00:28:34.920 00:28:34.930 when the turbine is shut down now this
00:28:37.410 00:28:37.420 way is more involved but it allows you
00:28:39.900 00:28:39.910 to find leaks you might not be able to
00:28:41.580 00:28:41.590 detect with the vacuum test our second
00:28:44.640 00:28:44.650 method uses a fluorescent dye to seek a
00:28:46.650 00:28:46.660 leaking tube and here's how it's done
00:28:49.010 00:28:49.020 after the water side of the condenser
00:28:51.090 00:28:51.100 has been drained and cleaned jacks or
00:28:53.610 00:28:53.620 supports are placed under pads on the
00:28:55.650 00:28:55.660 condenser this is because the shell of
00:28:57.930 00:28:57.940 the condenser is going to be flooded
00:28:59.370 00:28:59.380 with water the jacksons supports are
00:29:01.620 00:29:01.630 necessary to hold all the extra weight
00:29:03.300 00:29:03.310 on the shell remember that many main
00:29:06.810 00:29:06.820 steam condensers are suspended below the
00:29:09.180 00:29:09.190 turbine and they just won't hold up
00:29:10.770 00:29:10.780 under all the water's extra weight once
00:29:14.040 00:29:14.050 the supports have been put into place
00:29:15.360 00:29:15.370 the operators flood the condenser with
00:29:17.430 00:29:17.440 clean water with the fluorescent dye
00:29:19.170 00:29:19.180 added as the dye mixes with the water
00:29:22.380 00:29:22.390 any leakage from the shell into the
00:29:24.870 00:29:24.880 tubes or around to bins will become
00:29:26.880 00:29:26.890 visible under black light black light is
00:29:29.700 00:29:29.710 the light produced by an ultraviolet
00:29:31.410 00:29:31.420 lamp it causes the dye to glow bright
00:29:34.230 00:29:34.240 green wherever there's dye coming out
00:29:36.930 00:29:36.940 from around a tube end or out of a
00:29:38.820 00:29:38.830 leaking tube it'll be easily visible
00:29:40.920 00:29:40.930 using this method of inspection so we've
00:29:44.700 00:29:44.710 seen a couple of common methods of
00:29:46.290 00:29:46.300 locating leaking condenser tubes other
00:29:48.720 00:29:48.730 methods may be used but generally any
00:29:50.940 00:29:50.950 method used will be a variation of the
00:29:52.800 00:29:52.810 two we've seen be sure to learn how it's
00:29:55.680 00:29:55.690 done in your plant once the leaking
00:29:59.190 00:29:59.200 tubes are found they get plugged to keep
00:30:01.410 00:30:01.420 cooling water from contaminating the
00:30:03.150 00:30:03.160 condensate in the shell now tubes can be
00:30:06.360 00:30:06.370 plugged in one of several ways remember
00:30:09.480 00:30:09.490 that to do the job right you have to
00:30:11.760 00:30:11.770 plug the tube at both ends to key
00:30:13.900 00:30:13.910 the cooling water out there are several
00:30:16.390 00:30:16.400 kinds of plugs for this purpose what
00:30:19.240 00:30:19.250 kind of plug to use may be chosen by the
00:30:21.730 00:30:21.740 components manufacturer or your plant
00:30:24.340 00:30:24.350 may have special requirements your
00:30:26.560 00:30:26.570 instructor can fill you in on how to
00:30:28.390 00:30:28.400 find out in your plant the most common
00:30:31.360 00:30:31.370 are made of a fibrous material and are
00:30:33.160 00:30:33.170 shaped like the stopper of a bottle
00:30:35.050 00:30:35.060 they're tapered so you can fit them into
00:30:37.390 00:30:37.400 the two bins and then just hammer them
00:30:39.310 00:30:39.320 in tight they'll stay in place partly
00:30:41.920 00:30:41.930 because water pressure will push in on
00:30:44.020 00:30:44.030 them also the fibrous material of the
00:30:46.510 00:30:46.520 plug will tend to expand when it's
00:30:48.040 00:30:48.050 soaked with water to hold the plug in
00:30:49.690 00:30:49.700 even more tightly other kinds of plugs
00:30:52.840 00:30:52.850 are used to do the job to some of the
00:30:55.240 00:30:55.250 older plugs used in this condenser has
00:30:57.220 00:30:57.230 slotted heads they're threaded plugs
00:31:00.040 00:31:00.050 that screw into the ends of the tubes
00:31:02.010 00:31:02.020 they cut their own threads sort of like
00:31:04.540 00:31:04.550 wood or sheet metal screw the threads
00:31:07.420 00:31:07.430 grabbed into the middle of the tube and
00:31:08.980 00:31:08.990 hold tight these are metal plugs and
00:31:12.160 00:31:12.170 they don't have to expand in place to
00:31:13.900 00:31:13.910 hold tight now long experience has shown
00:31:16.510 00:31:16.520 that the heat and vibration that's
00:31:18.100 00:31:18.110 present when the unit's running doesn't
00:31:20.170 00:31:20.180 necessarily loosen plugs too easily
00:31:21.910 00:31:21.920 so metal tapered plugs can be hammered
00:31:24.880 00:31:24.890 in tightly enough to hold a metal
00:31:27.580 00:31:27.590 tapered plug will sometimes seal a minor
00:31:29.830 00:31:29.840 leak between the tube and the tube sheet
00:31:31.660 00:31:31.670 by forcing the end of the tube more
00:31:33.490 00:31:33.500 tightly into the hole in the tube sheet
00:31:35.230 00:31:35.240 to be sure it's sealed if there's any
00:31:37.780 00:31:37.790 doubt a metal plug can then be welded
00:31:40.270 00:31:40.280 around to make a permanent positive seal
00:31:43.740 00:31:43.750 another type of plug that sometimes used
00:31:46.090 00:31:46.100 to seal a leaking tube is an expandable
00:31:48.100 00:31:48.110 plug these have a rubber donut
00:31:50.650 00:31:50.660 sandwiched between two large washers
00:31:52.660 00:31:52.670 with a bolt running through the middle
00:31:54.100 00:31:54.110 and the bolt is tightened the rubber is
00:31:56.830 00:31:56.840 forced to expand outward this seals the
00:31:59.800 00:31:59.810 tube tightly enough that the plug won't
00:32:01.570 00:32:01.580 loosen and come out for extreme service
00:32:04.900 00:32:04.910 requirements such as high pressure
00:32:06.400 00:32:06.410 heaters and nuclear power plants there
00:32:08.740 00:32:08.750 are even explosive plugs that are
00:32:10.600 00:32:10.610 detonated to expand them into place now
00:32:14.500 00:32:14.510 let's take a look at plugging leaks in a
00:32:15.940 00:32:15.950 high-pressure feed water heater here
00:32:18.370 00:32:18.380 we'll see two other methods of plugging
00:32:20.410 00:32:20.420 tubes and leaks between two bins and
00:32:22.330 00:32:22.340 tube sheets this big heater has been
00:32:25.000 00:32:25.010 opened because it was known that it had
00:32:26.620 00:32:26.630 some leakage
00:32:27.760 00:32:27.770 when they open it up they found that
00:32:29.380 00:32:29.390 some tubes were leaking and I also found
00:32:31.570 00:32:31.580 that some of the two bins had vibrated
00:32:33.160 00:32:33.170 loose from the tube sheet and were
00:32:34.570 00:32:34.580 allowing leakage to different kinds of
00:32:37.150 00:32:37.160 plugs were used in this heater the older
00:32:39.400 00:32:39.410 ones are expandable metal plugs the hard
00:32:42.160 00:32:42.170 metal pin in the middle is driven in
00:32:44.020 00:32:44.030 with a hammer and forces the softer
00:32:45.700 00:32:45.710 metal of the plug to expand in the tube
00:32:47.500 00:32:47.510 end the others are tapered metal plugs
00:32:50.380 00:32:50.390 just installed recently notice that some
00:32:53.530 00:32:53.540 of these have been welded in place
00:32:54.930 00:32:54.940 they've done this to seal a leak between
00:32:57.430 00:32:57.440 the tube end and the tube sheet where
00:33:00.490 00:33:00.500 several adjacent tubes may have come
00:33:02.260 00:33:02.270 loose at once the whole bunch of them is
00:33:04.510 00:33:04.520 welded over to seal any further leakage
00:33:06.930 00:33:06.940 if the tubes were much larger in
00:33:09.280 00:33:09.290 diameter they might have welded plugs in
00:33:11.799 00:33:11.809 the ends of them now whether we're
00:33:14.320 00:33:14.330 talking about a condenser or any other
00:33:16.660 00:33:16.670 shell and tube heat exchanger there's
00:33:18.580 00:33:18.590 only a certain percentage that can be
00:33:20.740 00:33:20.750 plugged before the heat exchanger begins
00:33:23.169 00:33:23.179 to lose efficiency usually you can plug
00:33:26.530 00:33:26.540 between ten and twenty percent before it
00:33:29.080 00:33:29.090 affects the components efficiency you
00:33:31.270 00:33:31.280 can find out what that percentage is on
00:33:33.370 00:33:33.380 the piece you're working on by checking
00:33:35.230 00:33:35.240 manufacturer spec sheets for that
00:33:36.970 00:33:36.980 component for this reason and also to
00:33:40.060 00:33:40.070 make sure that plugs haven't come out
00:33:41.770 00:33:41.780 during operation it's important to
00:33:44.020 00:33:44.030 record exactly which tubes are plugged
00:33:46.510 00:33:46.520 when you know that you're reaching the
00:33:48.700 00:33:48.710 maximum percentage you can plan to
00:33:51.040 00:33:51.050 replacement well in advance when that
00:33:54.730 00:33:54.740 maximum percentage is exceeded it's time
00:33:57.040 00:33:57.050 to replace the tubes when that's done
00:33:59.130 00:33:59.140 usually all the tubes are done at once
00:34:01.510 00:34:01.520 because it's most economical to do it
00:34:03.070 00:34:03.080 that way usually a tube replacement is a
00:34:06.190 00:34:06.200 job that's contracted out to a refiller
00:34:08.349 00:34:08.359 or to the components manufacturer this
00:34:11.260 00:34:11.270 may involve having to ship pieces out or
00:34:13.570 00:34:13.580 the component may be repaired at your
00:34:15.369 00:34:15.379 facility depends on the size of the
00:34:17.050 00:34:17.060 component tubes are replaced by
00:34:19.599 00:34:19.609 carefully cutting them away from the
00:34:21.369 00:34:21.379 tube sheet so the tube sheet isn't
00:34:23.470 00:34:23.480 damaged new tubes are installed the same
00:34:26.590 00:34:26.600 way the old ones were put in and this
00:34:28.720 00:34:28.730 could be one of two ways rolling tubes
00:34:31.510 00:34:31.520 is the first way it's a method of
00:34:33.430 00:34:33.440 expanding the ends of the tubes into
00:34:35.230 00:34:35.240 corrugated holes in the tube sheets the
00:34:37.840 00:34:37.850 corrugations hold the tube in place and
00:34:39.730 00:34:39.740 provide a strong seal against leak
00:34:42.060 00:34:42.070 the second way tubes may be fixed to
00:34:44.620 00:34:44.630 tube sheets is by welding this is
00:34:46.900 00:34:46.910 usually done for components operating
00:34:48.640 00:34:48.650 under high temperature and high pressure
00:34:50.320 00:34:50.330 conditions welding is done carefully and
00:34:53.590 00:34:53.600 provides a very strong bond between
00:34:55.540 00:34:55.550 tubes and tube sheets of compatible
00:34:57.700 00:34:57.710 metals in either case it'll probably be
00:35:00.730 00:35:00.740 your job to prepare the heat exchanger
00:35:02.860 00:35:02.870 for the retooling job and this will mean
00:35:05.200 00:35:05.210 you'll have to rig the component to open
00:35:07.000 00:35:07.010 it and close up the component after the
00:35:09.190 00:35:09.200 tube bundle is back in place this will
00:35:11.980 00:35:11.990 involve the careful rigging of the parts
00:35:14.110 00:35:14.120 of the heat exchanger gaskets to see a
00:35:16.660 00:35:16.670 large header plates and gaskets to see a
00:35:18.670 00:35:18.680 large baffle flanges may have to be cut
00:35:20.980 00:35:20.990 from big sheets of gasket material the
00:35:23.620 00:35:23.630 sealing surfaces will have to be clean
00:35:25.450 00:35:25.460 smooth of all old casket material which
00:35:27.790 00:35:27.800 may be stuck to it with everything
00:35:30.550 00:35:30.560 placed carefully it's a mighty job to
00:35:33.190 00:35:33.200 handle the impact wrenches these huge
00:35:35.350 00:35:35.360 wrenches have to be rig themselves
00:35:37.480 00:35:37.490 they're so heavy it takes two people to
00:35:39.790 00:35:39.800 do this task to get these nuts tightened
00:35:42.100 00:35:42.110 on the studs after everything's back
00:35:45.790 00:35:45.800 together a pressure drop test will be
00:35:47.920 00:35:47.930 used to make sure the unit is really
00:35:49.660 00:35:49.670 tight now this is a test where one side
00:35:52.210 00:35:52.220 of the heaters pressurized and the other
00:35:54.040 00:35:54.050 is left open when the pressure source is
00:35:56.770 00:35:56.780 closed off any drop in pressure shows
00:35:59.560 00:35:59.570 evidence of a leak all these procedures
00:36:02.890 00:36:02.900 we've seen in this segment inspection to
00:36:05.290 00:36:05.300 find leaks and the ways you have to seal
00:36:07.630 00:36:07.640 leaks are part of the procedures you'll
00:36:09.790 00:36:09.800 probably follow from time to time when
00:36:11.680 00:36:11.690 you're called on to do maintenance on
00:36:13.030 00:36:13.040 large heat exchangers in a moment we'll
00:36:16.210 00:36:16.220 go on to look at maintenance on smaller
00:36:18.160 00:36:18.170 heat exchangers before we do read the
00:36:21.160 00:36:21.170 fourth chapter of your text and work the
00:36:22.960 00:36:22.970 exercise your instructor can tell you
00:36:25.480 00:36:25.490 what work is done to detect and plug
00:36:27.460 00:36:27.470 leaks and the large heat exchangers in
00:36:29.140 00:36:29.150 your plant any special information on
00:36:31.750 00:36:31.760 the unit's you'll be working with can be
00:36:33.400 00:36:33.410 found in manufacturers spec sheets and
00:36:35.560 00:36:35.570 manuals
00:36:40.640 00:36:40.650 00:36:52.800 00:36:52.810 so far in this program we've seen many
00:36:55.390 00:36:55.400 routine maintenance tasks you'll be
00:36:56.920 00:36:56.930 performing on large heat exchangers
00:36:58.859 00:36:58.869 condensers and big shell and tube heat
00:37:00.880 00:37:00.890 exchangers are all dealt with in pretty
00:37:02.890 00:37:02.900 much the same way now small heat
00:37:05.710 00:37:05.720 exchangers such as this lube oil cooler
00:37:07.750 00:37:07.760 have the same kinds of maintenance
00:37:09.970 00:37:09.980 problems blockage and leakage but you'll
00:37:12.430 00:37:12.440 handle them differently for the most
00:37:14.680 00:37:14.690 part heat exchangers used in the plant
00:37:17.020 00:37:17.030 fall into two extremes the larger ones
00:37:20.980 00:37:20.990 we've examined up till now are fixed in
00:37:22.990 00:37:23.000 position and maintained in place smaller
00:37:25.750 00:37:25.760 ones on the other hand can be brought
00:37:27.190 00:37:27.200 into the shop for their maintenance
00:37:28.510 00:37:28.520 they're portable enough for you to pick
00:37:30.520 00:37:30.530 them up and handle them what we're going
00:37:33.370 00:37:33.380 to do in this part of the program is
00:37:35.080 00:37:35.090 look at a typical maintenance routine on
00:37:37.270 00:37:37.280 this small cooler specific things like
00:37:41.200 00:37:41.210 where the inlets and the outlets are and
00:37:44.050 00:37:44.060 the configuration of the headers may
00:37:46.900 00:37:46.910 vary among different units but the
00:37:48.940 00:37:48.950 things we'll be seeing are basic to most
00:37:51.040 00:37:51.050 all the small shell and tube heat
00:37:52.690 00:37:52.700 exchangers you'll be working on these
00:37:56.589 00:37:56.599 mechanics have already removed the lube
00:37:58.450 00:37:58.460 oil cooler from the motor pump assembly
00:38:00.310 00:38:00.320 it was serving since the system had to
00:38:03.160 00:38:03.170 be put back in service immediately they
00:38:05.740 00:38:05.750 replaced it with a unit that had
00:38:07.240 00:38:07.250 previously been rebuilt they pressure
00:38:10.450 00:38:10.460 checked this one to see if there were
00:38:12.310 00:38:12.320 any leaks before they rebuilt it what
00:38:15.310 00:38:15.320 they'll do now is open this one clean it
00:38:17.680 00:38:17.690 out thoroughly replace gaskets and seals
00:38:19.750 00:38:19.760 and test it then they'll put it back
00:38:22.690 00:38:22.700 into stock until another one like it
00:38:24.339 00:38:24.349 needs service the first step is to drain
00:38:27.849 00:38:27.859 the cooler thoroughly when they've
00:38:29.800 00:38:29.810 gotten as much out as possible the front
00:38:32.200 00:38:32.210 header is loosened so the seal can be
00:38:34.359 00:38:34.369 broken this way the rest of the oil and
00:38:37.359 00:38:37.369 water can be drained from the tubes in
00:38:38.950 00:38:38.960 the shell once both fluids have been
00:38:42.099 00:38:42.109 drained from the cooler the guys can
00:38:44.290 00:38:44.300 finish taking it apart without spreading
00:38:46.359 00:38:46.369 the mess too much first he removes the
00:38:49.780 00:38:49.790 front header this is the header he had
00:38:52.180 00:38:52.190 loosened to finish draining the unit
00:38:54.060 00:38:54.070 with the header off it's pretty easy to
00:38:56.829 00:38:56.839 see why they're having to work on this
00:38:58.510 00:38:58.520 coup
00:38:59.140 00:38:59.150 all that build-up comes from the cooling
00:39:01.900 00:39:01.910 water flowing through the tube side
00:39:04.090 00:39:04.100 the water is unpurified river water and
00:39:07.600 00:39:07.610 the accumulation of silt and slime is a
00:39:10.360 00:39:10.370 lot like some of the junk that collects
00:39:12.640 00:39:12.650 in a condenser next off comes the header
00:39:16.390 00:39:16.400 at the other end
00:39:17.500 00:39:17.510 notice the rotation cycle of loosening
00:39:20.440 00:39:20.450 the bolts until they are free from
00:39:22.360 00:39:22.370 tension on the shell and header this is
00:39:25.060 00:39:25.070 to prevent any possibility of warping
00:39:27.220 00:39:27.230 the header or the shell once each header
00:39:30.880 00:39:30.890 is removed the hardware is set carefully
00:39:33.400 00:39:33.410 aside so it doesn't get lost the
00:39:36.700 00:39:36.710 mechanic now has access to both ends of
00:39:39.160 00:39:39.170 the tube bundle and both tube sheets can
00:39:41.650 00:39:41.660 be scraped clean he's doing the step of
00:39:44.680 00:39:44.690 cleaning with a putty knife
00:39:45.700 00:39:45.710 using care not to gouge the tubes on the
00:39:48.370 00:39:48.380 tube sheet he's not likely to cause any
00:39:51.880 00:39:51.890 harm but it is possible to do damage
00:39:53.800 00:39:53.810 that might cause leaks when the tube
00:39:57.040 00:39:57.050 sheets are scraped he wipes them clean
00:39:59.260 00:39:59.270 with a rag now he's ready to rot out the
00:40:02.980 00:40:02.990 tubes the rod has an end which fits
00:40:06.580 00:40:06.590 snugly inside the tubes and as it's
00:40:09.280 00:40:09.290 pushed through each one drives all the
00:40:11.440 00:40:11.450 accumulated sludge out of the other open
00:40:13.930 00:40:13.940 end it doesn't make any difference what
00:40:16.480 00:40:16.490 direction the tubes are rotted in both
00:40:19.030 00:40:19.040 ends are the same and they're both open
00:40:21.750 00:40:21.760 after rotting each tube the mechanic
00:40:24.670 00:40:24.680 wipes off any remaining sludge from the
00:40:26.530 00:40:26.540 tube sheets cleaning the gasket surfaces
00:40:29.950 00:40:29.960 at each end of the shell comes next
00:40:31.620 00:40:31.630 using a scraper the flat surfaces have
00:40:34.960 00:40:34.970 to be cleaned to bare metal they can't
00:40:37.720 00:40:37.730 leave any old gasket material stuck to
00:40:40.090 00:40:40.100 the mating surfaces that would keep them
00:40:41.830 00:40:41.840 from sealing tightly once the last
00:40:45.790 00:40:45.800 little bit is removed the shell and tube
00:40:48.400 00:40:48.410 bundle can be set aside and it's time to
00:40:51.040 00:40:51.050 work on the headers our mechanic needs a
00:40:54.340 00:40:54.350 putty knife to dig out the sludge from
00:40:56.290 00:40:56.300 inside the headers he gouges out the
00:40:59.470 00:40:59.480 last little bit before he scrapes the
00:41:01.330 00:41:01.340 gasket area clean he's got to be just as
00:41:05.080 00:41:05.090 thorough as when he cleaned the gasket
00:41:07.180 00:41:07.190 mating surfaces on the show every bit of
00:41:10.690 00:41:10.700 old gasket has got to go
00:41:13.109 00:41:13.119 the surfaces have to be smooth bare
00:41:16.210 00:41:16.220 metal in order to get a good seal he
00:41:19.270 00:41:19.280 goes through the same routine to clean
00:41:20.830 00:41:20.840 the other header first he gets all the
00:41:23.170 00:41:23.180 accumulation out of the inside then he
00:41:25.930 00:41:25.940 scrapes the gasket surfaces clean so the
00:41:28.570 00:41:28.580 seal will be good when the cooler goes
00:41:30.400 00:41:30.410 back together when all this is done he
00:41:33.760 00:41:33.770 makes a final close inspection of all
00:41:36.190 00:41:36.200 the parts to make sure he hasn't
00:41:37.870 00:41:37.880 overlooked anything he's also looking
00:41:40.390 00:41:40.400 for any damage that might be apparent if
00:41:43.300 00:41:43.310 any were found it would have to be
00:41:45.220 00:41:45.230 corrected before he reassembles the
00:41:47.020 00:41:47.030 component now it's time to lay out all
00:41:50.290 00:41:50.300 the materials and hardware to put the
00:41:52.330 00:41:52.340 cooler back together again when he
00:41:55.660 00:41:55.670 reassembles the cooler he carefully
00:41:57.460 00:41:57.470 checks the fit of each gasket then he
00:42:00.760 00:42:00.770 uses a light complete coating of gaskets
00:42:03.490 00:42:03.500 cement on the mating surface of the
00:42:05.740 00:42:05.750 shell this will hold the gasket in place
00:42:08.380 00:42:08.390 so it will stay perfectly aligned when
00:42:10.960 00:42:10.970 the header is put on gasket cement also
00:42:14.380 00:42:14.390 helps provide a more perfect seal so he
00:42:17.320 00:42:17.330 smooths the coating on the other mating
00:42:19.300 00:42:19.310 surface - then it's back on with the
00:42:22.660 00:42:22.670 header carefully making sure everything
00:42:25.150 00:42:25.160 lines up just so while he holds the
00:42:29.650 00:42:29.660 header in place with one hand he threads
00:42:31.990 00:42:32.000 the nuts onto the studs carefully and
00:42:34.570 00:42:34.580 runs them down by hand until they are
00:42:36.760 00:42:36.770 finger tight one by one each nut is
00:42:40.540 00:42:40.550 threaded on to the studs until they are
00:42:42.520 00:42:42.530 all snug when all the nuts are tightened
00:42:46.300 00:42:46.310 down in this manner he takes a hand
00:42:48.670 00:42:48.680 wrench to tighten them the rest of the
00:42:50.349 00:42:50.359 way in order to make sure the header is
00:42:53.080 00:42:53.090 tightened down uniformly he tightens the
00:42:55.720 00:42:55.730 nuts in a crisscross pattern this
00:42:58.990 00:42:59.000 assures that the parts will not warp and
00:43:01.540 00:43:01.550 that the gaskets will provide a tight
00:43:03.730 00:43:03.740 seal now some heat exchangers like this
00:43:07.390 00:43:07.400 one may require the nuts to be tightened
00:43:09.520 00:43:09.530 with a torque wrench whenever you're
00:43:12.580 00:43:12.590 working on a piece of equipment check of
00:43:14.500 00:43:14.510 the manufacturers manual or maintenance
00:43:16.599 00:43:16.609 bulletin will tell you torquing
00:43:18.340 00:43:18.350 requirements it'll give you any other
00:43:21.280 00:43:21.290 special information you need to know -
00:43:22.990 00:43:23.000 on this particular cooler the
00:43:26.240 00:43:26.250 manufacturer doesn't specify the torque
00:43:28.580 00:43:28.590 required to tighten the nuts so the
00:43:30.770 00:43:30.780 mechanic uses careful judgment to
00:43:32.570 00:43:32.580 tighten the nuts uniformly he's also
00:43:35.360 00:43:35.370 careful to avoid twisting that wrench
00:43:37.310 00:43:37.320 too hard he doesn't want to take a
00:43:39.620 00:43:39.630 chance on stripping the threads on the
00:43:41.360 00:43:41.370 studs after the other headers back on
00:43:45.230 00:43:45.240 when everything's up tight a final
00:43:47.810 00:43:47.820 external cleaning with a rag is just
00:43:49.850 00:43:49.860 plain good practice the last step before
00:43:54.290 00:43:54.300 they put the cooler back in the
00:43:55.700 00:43:55.710 storeroom for the next time it'll be
00:43:57.140 00:43:57.150 needed is to check and make sure there
00:43:59.810 00:43:59.820 are no leaks and one way to do this is
00:44:01.850 00:44:01.860 to hook up the tube side inlet to the
00:44:04.430 00:44:04.440 usual cooling water system and then
00:44:06.830 00:44:06.840 plugging the outlet now when the valve
00:44:09.410 00:44:09.420 is open to allow water to flow there
00:44:11.450 00:44:11.460 should be no evidence of leakage either
00:44:13.520 00:44:13.530 at the gaskets or into the shell from
00:44:16.100 00:44:16.110 the tube bundle another way of checking
00:44:18.620 00:44:18.630 for leaks is a little cleaner since you
00:44:20.900 00:44:20.910 don't have to use cooling water to look
00:44:22.730 00:44:22.740 for leaks all you do is plug the outlet
00:44:25.160 00:44:25.170 as before but the inlet is connected to
00:44:28.580 00:44:28.590 a source of compressed air with a gauge
00:44:30.950 00:44:30.960 between the valve and the cooler the
00:44:33.110 00:44:33.120 valve is opened and the shell is
00:44:34.820 00:44:34.830 pressurized you've got to be careful
00:44:37.040 00:44:37.050 here not to use too much pressure or you
00:44:39.170 00:44:39.180 could cause a lot of damage to the
00:44:40.700 00:44:40.710 cooler then the valve is closed and you
00:44:43.970 00:44:43.980 watch the gauge to see if there's any
00:44:46.250 00:44:46.260 drop in the pressure in the shell if not
00:44:49.070 00:44:49.080 you can figure the component is leak
00:44:51.110 00:44:51.120 tight these are the same types of tests
00:44:55.010 00:44:55.020 they might have used before they took
00:44:56.510 00:44:56.520 the cooler apart after it passes the
00:44:59.150 00:44:59.160 leakage test it's ready to go back on
00:45:01.220 00:45:01.230 the shelf for future use if any leaks
00:45:03.950 00:45:03.960 are found usually it's easier to replace
00:45:06.110 00:45:06.120 the tube bundle with a new or rebuilt
00:45:07.970 00:45:07.980 one later on the tube bundle can be
00:45:10.580 00:45:10.590 rebuilt and put back for future service
00:45:13.090 00:45:13.100 from our we've seen in this unit
00:45:15.350 00:45:15.360 maintenance on shell and tube heat
00:45:16.820 00:45:16.830 exchangers is pretty basic once you have
00:45:18.920 00:45:18.930 an understanding of how they work and
00:45:20.600 00:45:20.610 how they're made you'll only be looking
00:45:22.910 00:45:22.920 for ways to fix two heat exchanger
00:45:24.830 00:45:24.840 maintenance problems blockage and
00:45:26.780 00:45:26.790 leakage and the way you'll be dealing
00:45:29.480 00:45:29.490 with these problems will depend on the
00:45:31.160 00:45:31.170 physical size of the component as well
00:45:33.440 00:45:33.450 as the circumstances of its use none of
00:45:36.740 00:45:36.750 it is all that difficult but just like
00:45:39.110 00:45:39.120 any mechanical
00:45:40.100 00:45:40.110 it needs your attention to doing the job
00:45:42.410 00:45:42.420 right to avoid problems later on when
00:45:45.590 00:45:45.600 you've completed the exercises on heat
00:45:47.270 00:45:47.280 exchangers you'll be ready to tackle any
00:45:49.460 00:45:49.470 of these jobs in your plant
00:45:51.510 00:45:51.520
Office location
Engineering company LOTUS®
Russia, Ekaterinburg, Lunacharskogo street, 240/12

Phone: +7 343 216 77 75

E-mail: info@lotus1.ru

Sales phone

Russia: +7 343 216 77 75

WhatsApp: +79122710308