/ News & Press / Video / Introduction of Heat Exchangers _ Piping Analysis

Introduction of Heat Exchangers _ Piping Analysis

WEBVTT
Kind: captions
Language: en

00:00:00.030
please subscribe to our channel for
00:00:02.600 00:00:02.610 latest updates don't forget to press the
00:00:05.090 00:00:05.100 bell icon industrial facilities many
00:00:08.810 00:00:08.820 operations depend on heating or cooling
00:00:11.299 00:00:11.309 process fluids for example the liquid
00:00:14.450 00:00:14.460 entering this distillation column is
00:00:16.340 00:00:16.350 heated to enable the distillation
00:00:18.260 00:00:18.270 process to occur while this process
00:00:20.810 00:00:20.820 liquid is cooled so that it can be
00:00:23.000 00:00:23.010 properly stored this heating and cooling
00:00:25.700 00:00:25.710 is done by transferring heat from one
00:00:28.099 00:00:28.109 fluid to another in devices like these
00:00:30.710 00:00:30.720 called heat exchangers to understand how
00:00:34.400 00:00:34.410 heat is transferred it's important to
00:00:36.650 00:00:36.660 understand what heat is heat is a form
00:00:40.160 00:00:40.170 of energy that's associated with the
00:00:42.110 00:00:42.120 movement of molecules in a material this
00:00:44.810 00:00:44.820 energy can often be measured as
00:00:46.639 00:00:46.649 temperature for heat transfer to occur
00:00:49.670 00:00:49.680 there must be a difference in
00:00:51.860 00:00:51.870 temperature when there is a difference
00:00:53.959 00:00:53.969 in temperature heat is transferred from
00:00:56.119 00:00:56.129 the material with the higher temperature
00:00:58.279 00:00:58.289 to the material with the lower
00:01:00.049 00:01:00.059 temperature heat can be transferred
00:01:03.170 00:01:03.180 between materials in three basic ways by
00:01:06.320 00:01:06.330 conduction convection and radiation with
00:01:12.020 00:01:12.030 conduction heat is transferred as a
00:01:14.090 00:01:14.100 result of physical contact between two
00:01:16.640 00:01:16.650 materials or from one part of an object
00:01:19.460 00:01:19.470 to another part of the same object
00:01:22.390 00:01:22.400 another form of heat transfer is
00:01:24.710 00:01:24.720 convection convection is the transfer of
00:01:27.710 00:01:27.720 heat within a moving fluid convection
00:01:30.649 00:01:30.659 can be divided into two categories
00:01:32.560 00:01:32.570 natural convection and forced convection
00:01:35.830 00:01:35.840 will use this container of water and die
00:01:38.870 00:01:38.880 to show how natural convection works as
00:01:41.480 00:01:41.490 the water is heated the water that's
00:01:44.300 00:01:44.310 closest to the bottom is heated more
00:01:46.340 00:01:46.350 than the water elsewhere as the
00:01:48.740 00:01:48.750 temperature of the water on the bottom
00:01:50.149 00:01:50.159 increases that water becomes lighter or
00:01:53.210 00:01:53.220 less dense and Rises upward at the same
00:01:56.990 00:01:57.000 time the cooler water sinks to the
00:01:59.480 00:01:59.490 bottom of the container so during
00:02:02.030 00:02:02.040 natural convection as heat is
00:02:04.039 00:02:04.049 transferred to the water the difference
00:02:06.440 00:02:06.450 in densities causes the water to
00:02:08.419 00:02:08.429 circulate in the container this
00:02:10.609 00:02:10.619 circulation helps to transfer heat
00:02:12.920 00:02:12.930 throughout the
00:02:13.780 00:02:13.790 water during forced convection heat
00:02:16.119 00:02:16.129 transfer occurs when a mechanical device
00:02:18.339 00:02:18.349 such as a pump or a fan causes the fluid
00:02:21.160 00:02:21.170 movement in this process air is being
00:02:24.339 00:02:24.349 moved through the heat exchanger by a
00:02:26.110 00:02:26.120 fan the third form of heat transfer is
00:02:29.740 00:02:29.750 radiation radiation is the transfer of
00:02:32.949 00:02:32.959 energy by electromagnetic waves
00:02:35.220 00:02:35.230 microwaves and light waves are examples
00:02:38.140 00:02:38.150 of electromagnetic waves when
00:02:40.869 00:02:40.879 electromagnetic waves strike an object
00:02:42.970 00:02:42.980 they may be transmitted through the
00:02:45.429 00:02:45.439 object reflected off the object or
00:02:49.890 00:02:49.900 absorbed by the object if a wave is
00:02:53.500 00:02:53.510 absorbed its energy is transferred to
00:02:55.929 00:02:55.939 the object and the temperature of the
00:02:57.789 00:02:57.799 object increases in a typical heat
00:03:00.759 00:03:00.769 exchanger heat is transferred by
00:03:02.800 00:03:02.810 conduction convection and radiation from
00:03:05.830 00:03:05.840 one fluid to another as a general rule
00:03:08.289 00:03:08.299 most heat transfer occurs by conduction
00:03:11.229 00:03:11.239 and convection to get a better
00:03:13.569 00:03:13.579 understanding of how heat transfer
00:03:15.550 00:03:15.560 occurs in a heat exchanger
00:03:17.170 00:03:17.180 we'll use this heat exchanger it's
00:03:19.719 00:03:19.729 called an air fin cooler or a fin fan
00:03:22.930 00:03:22.940 cooler it's used to transfer heat from a
00:03:26.050 00:03:26.060 process fluid to the air that flows
00:03:28.030 00:03:28.040 through the cooler the cooler consists
00:03:31.089 00:03:31.099 of a series of tubes each of which has
00:03:33.430 00:03:33.440 thin metal fins the heat exchanger also
00:03:37.030 00:03:37.040 has a fan during operation the fluid
00:03:40.719 00:03:40.729 being cooled passes through the tubes
00:03:42.670 00:03:42.680 the fluid transfers heat to the tubes by
00:03:45.729 00:03:45.739 conduction and convection some of this
00:03:48.460 00:03:48.470 heat is then transferred through the
00:03:50.020 00:03:50.030 tubes and into the fins by conduction
00:03:52.629 00:03:52.639 from there
00:03:54.129 00:03:54.139 heat in the tubes and the fins is
00:03:55.990 00:03:56.000 transferred by conduction and convection
00:03:57.640 00:03:57.650 to the surrounding air to increase the
00:04:01.360 00:04:01.370 amount of heat transfer to the air the
00:04:03.670 00:04:03.680 fans in the cooler can be started this
00:04:06.159 00:04:06.169 increases the air flow through the
00:04:08.050 00:04:08.060 cooler which increases the amount of
00:04:10.240 00:04:10.250 heat that is transferred by convection
00:04:12.369 00:04:12.379 to the surrounding air for example as
00:04:14.589 00:04:14.599 the difference in temperature between
00:04:16.180 00:04:16.190 the two fluids in a heat exchanger
00:04:17.969 00:04:17.979 increases the amount of heat that can be
00:04:20.770 00:04:20.780 transferred also increases the amount of
00:04:23.980 00:04:23.990 surface area in a heat exchanger is
00:04:25.959 00:04:25.969 another factor that if
00:04:27.379 00:04:27.389 heat transfer basically the greater the
00:04:30.469 00:04:30.479 surface area the greater the amount of
00:04:32.629 00:04:32.639 heat transfer that can occur another
00:04:35.689 00:04:35.699 factor that can affect heat transfer is
00:04:37.760 00:04:37.770 the type of material that the heat is
00:04:39.679 00:04:39.689 transferred through materials that are
00:04:42.320 00:04:42.330 more dense are better at transferring
00:04:44.540 00:04:44.550 heat and are normally used as conductors
00:04:47.300 00:04:47.310 of heat on the other hand materials that
00:04:50.600 00:04:50.610 are less dense will transfer less heat
00:04:52.790 00:04:52.800 and are normally used as insulators the
00:04:57.019 00:04:57.029 flow rates of the fluids involved also
00:04:58.999 00:04:59.009 affect the amount of heat that can be
00:05:00.950 00:05:00.960 transferred generally as the amount of
00:05:03.740 00:05:03.750 fluid that passes through a heat
00:05:05.179 00:05:05.189 exchanger increases the amount of heat
00:05:07.939 00:05:07.949 that can be transferred also increases
00:05:10.209 00:05:10.219 heat transfer can also be affected by
00:05:13.100 00:05:13.110 the presence of contaminants in the
00:05:14.839 00:05:14.849 fluids these contaminants or impurities
00:05:18.170 00:05:18.180 can build up on a heat exchanger and
00:05:20.390 00:05:20.400 form another layer of material that the
00:05:22.730 00:05:22.740 heat must transfer through this layer of
00:05:25.339 00:05:25.349 material will act as an insulator and
00:05:27.679 00:05:27.689 the amount of heat that can be
00:05:29.209 00:05:29.219 transferred in the heat exchanger will
00:05:31.010 00:05:31.020 decrease as an operator you may be
00:05:34.249 00:05:34.259 required to operate many types of heat
00:05:36.619 00:05:36.629 exchangers since shell and tube heat
00:05:38.839 00:05:38.849 exchangers are one of the most common
00:05:40.879 00:05:40.889 types of heat exchangers you need to be
00:05:43.100 00:05:43.110 familiar with their components and
00:05:44.839 00:05:44.849 operation
00:05:46.149 00:05:46.159 we'll use this illustration of a shell
00:05:48.769 00:05:48.779 and tube heat exchanger to explain how
00:05:51.019 00:05:51.029 it works the main components include a
00:05:53.749 00:05:53.759 shell a group of tubes called a tube
00:05:57.019 00:05:57.029 bundle tube sheets and heads the shell
00:06:02.899 00:06:02.909 is the casing of the heat exchanger the
00:06:06.290 00:06:06.300 area inside the shell and outside the
00:06:08.570 00:06:08.580 tubes is commonly called the shell side
00:06:10.760 00:06:10.770 of the heat exchanger the shell also has
00:06:14.119 00:06:14.129 an inlet and an outlet the tubes are
00:06:18.709 00:06:18.719 used to create a separate flow path
00:06:20.629 00:06:20.639 through the shell each end of the tubes
00:06:23.240 00:06:23.250 opens into a head one head directs flow
00:06:26.839 00:06:26.849 into the tubes while the other head
00:06:29.719 00:06:29.729 directs flow out of the tubes the area
00:06:33.170 00:06:33.180 inside the tubes and heads is called the
00:06:35.570 00:06:35.580 tube side of the heat exchanger the
00:06:38.779 00:06:38.789 heads also contain a tube side in
00:06:41.210 00:06:41.220 and outlet the ends of the tubes are
00:06:45.500 00:06:45.510 supported by the tube sheets the tube
00:06:48.410 00:06:48.420 sheets also isolate the heads from the
00:06:50.510 00:06:50.520 shell side of the heat exchanger the
00:06:53.900 00:06:53.910 tubes are supported inside the shell by
00:06:56.090 00:06:56.100 partitions called
00:06:57.410 00:06:57.420 baffles the baffles also direct flow
00:07:00.500 00:07:00.510 through the shell side of the heat
00:07:01.820 00:07:01.830 exchanger which helps increase the
00:07:03.830 00:07:03.840 efficiency of the unit
00:07:05.470 00:07:05.480 here's how this heat exchanger works
00:07:08.140 00:07:08.150 during operation the cooler fluid enters
00:07:11.510 00:07:11.520 the shell flows around the tubes and
00:07:14.150 00:07:14.160 leaves through the shell outlet on the
00:07:17.360 00:07:17.370 tube side
00:07:18.170 00:07:18.180 the hotter fluid passes through the
00:07:20.090 00:07:20.100 inlet head through the tubes into the
00:07:22.910 00:07:22.920 outlet head and leaves through the tube
00:07:25.070 00:07:25.080 outlet as the hotter fluid passes
00:07:27.950 00:07:27.960 through the tubes it transfers heat to
00:07:30.530 00:07:30.540 the tubes and the fluid on the shell
00:07:32.600 00:07:32.610 side so the temperature of the fluid
00:07:34.760 00:07:34.770 flowing through the tubes decreases on
00:07:37.510 00:07:37.520 the shell side the cooler fluid passes
00:07:40.820 00:07:40.830 around the tubes and receives heat from
00:07:43.100 00:07:43.110 the tubes so it's temperature increases
00:07:46.070 00:07:46.080 this is a simplified illustration of a
00:07:48.770 00:07:48.780 distillation system the heat exchanger
00:07:51.290 00:07:51.300 in this system is used to cool the
00:07:53.090 00:07:53.100 process liquid so that it can be stored
00:07:55.190 00:07:55.200 safely in this system a distillation
00:07:58.220 00:07:58.230 column is used to separate a product
00:08:00.500 00:08:00.510 from a process liquid the product boils
00:08:03.800 00:08:03.810 off and leaves the top of the column the
00:08:06.550 00:08:06.560 remaining liquid is pumped from the
00:08:08.750 00:08:08.760 bottom of the column the hot liquid
00:08:11.720 00:08:11.730 passes through the heat exchanger and
00:08:13.640 00:08:13.650 transfers some of its heat to a coolant
00:08:16.159 00:08:16.169 that flows through the shell side of the
00:08:18.170 00:08:18.180 heat exchanger the cooled process fluid
00:08:20.870 00:08:20.880 is then sent to a tank where it's stored
00:08:24.010 00:08:24.020 in this system the heat exchanger is
00:08:27.170 00:08:27.180 used as a heater the process liquid
00:08:30.350 00:08:30.360 that's pumped through the heat exchanger
00:08:31.460 00:08:31.470 tubes is heated by steam that flows
00:08:35.480 00:08:35.490 00:08:36.829 00:08:36.839 exchanger the heated liquid is then sent
00:08:40.640 00:08:40.650 to a process reactor in the reactor
00:08:44.000 00:08:44.010 additional materials are mixed with the
00:08:46.280 00:08:46.290 liquid and a chemical reaction occurs by
00:08:49.670 00:08:49.680 heating the process liquid the heat
00:08:51.770 00:08:51.780 exchanger enables the chemical reaction
00:08:53.900 00:08:53.910 to take place more
00:08:55.040 00:08:55.050 efficiently in order to get fluids into
00:08:58.070 00:08:58.080 an out of a heat exchanger and make sure
00:09:00.290 00:09:00.300 that heat transfer occurs efficiently
00:09:02.329 00:09:02.339 some auxiliary components are needed
00:09:05.090 00:09:05.100 these auxiliary components include
00:09:07.610 00:09:07.620 valves instruments and steam traps there
00:09:13.759 00:09:13.769 may be many different valves used with a
00:09:15.650 00:09:15.660 heat exchanger for example isolation
00:09:18.440 00:09:18.450 valves may be located on a heat
00:09:20.120 00:09:20.130 exchangers Inlet and outlet they're open
00:09:23.090 00:09:23.100 to place the unit in operation and
00:09:25.100 00:09:25.110 closed to isolate the unit when it's
00:09:27.410 00:09:27.420 taken out of service
00:09:28.990 00:09:29.000 many heat exchangers also have drain
00:09:31.699 00:09:31.709 valves these valves are used to remove
00:09:34.100 00:09:34.110 fluid from the heat exchanger when the
00:09:36.170 00:09:36.180 unit is shut down vent valves are also
00:09:39.350 00:09:39.360 found on heat exchangers vent valves are
00:09:42.319 00:09:42.329 used to remove air or other undesirable
00:09:44.360 00:09:44.370 gases from heat exchangers if pockets of
00:09:48.590 00:09:48.600 air or gas are trapped inside the unit
00:09:51.019 00:09:51.029 they can prevent process fluids from
00:09:53.389 00:09:53.399 coming into contact with some of the
00:09:55.160 00:09:55.170 tubes when this happens the heat
00:09:57.440 00:09:57.450 exchanger won't be able to transfer heat
00:09:59.540 00:09:59.550 properly these pockets reduce the heat
00:10:02.750 00:10:02.760 exchangers efficiency and can produce
00:10:04.940 00:10:04.950 hot spots a hot spot is an area in the
00:10:09.199 00:10:09.209 heat exchanger where temperatures become
00:10:11.120 00:10:11.130 excessive these areas of high
00:10:13.370 00:10:13.380 temperature can damage the heat
00:10:14.930 00:10:14.940 exchanger another valve that's commonly
00:10:18.230 00:10:18.240 found on a heat exchanger is a relief
00:10:20.240 00:10:20.250 valve relief valves are used to prevent
00:10:22.760 00:10:22.770 over pressurizing heat exchangers if the
00:10:25.819 00:10:25.829 pressure exceeds a preset limit the
00:10:29.150 00:10:29.160 relief valve opens to relieve the
00:10:31.069 00:10:31.079 pressure the relief valve will remain
00:10:33.440 00:10:33.450 open until the pressure falls below the
00:10:35.600 00:10:35.610 preset limit another type of valve that
00:10:38.810 00:10:38.820 is commonly used with heat exchangers is
00:10:40.850 00:10:40.860 a control valve control valves are used
00:10:44.000 00:10:44.010 to regulate the flow of fluids through
00:10:46.010 00:10:46.020 heat exchangers for example the flow of
00:10:49.130 00:10:49.140 the heating or cooling fluid is often
00:10:51.470 00:10:51.480 regulated to control the temperature of
00:10:53.780 00:10:53.790 the process fluid leaving a heat
00:10:55.490 00:10:55.500 exchanger in this system the control
00:10:58.699 00:10:58.709 valve is linked through an instrument
00:11:00.290 00:11:00.300 system to a device that senses the
00:11:02.449 00:11:02.459 outlet temperature of the fluid as the
00:11:05.000 00:11:05.010 fluids temperature changes the sensing
00:11:07.639 00:11:07.649 device sends a
00:11:08.660 00:11:08.670 through a controller to the control
00:11:10.970 00:11:10.980 valve actuator which opens or closes the
00:11:14.060 00:11:14.070 control valve and regulates flow to
00:11:16.460 00:11:16.470 maintain the desired temperature
00:11:18.760 00:11:18.770 generally an operator can observe
00:11:21.380 00:11:21.390 instruments to determine if the heat
00:11:23.360 00:11:23.370 exchanger is operating properly these
00:11:25.940 00:11:25.950 instruments are often located in the
00:11:27.920 00:11:27.930 control room but they may also be found
00:11:30.590 00:11:30.600 on or near the heat exchanger depending
00:11:34.070 00:11:34.080 on the heat exchanger in its use
00:11:35.630 00:11:35.640 pressure and temperature gauges may be
00:11:38.060 00:11:38.070 placed on any or all of the heat
00:11:40.040 00:11:40.050 exchangers inlets and outlets on heat
00:11:43.670 00:11:43.680 exchangers that use steam an auxiliary
00:11:46.190 00:11:46.200 device called a steam trap is often used
00:11:48.830 00:11:48.840 the steam trap drains water or
00:11:51.410 00:11:51.420 condensate from the steam in the heat
00:11:53.750 00:11:53.760 exchanger without letting the steam
00:11:55.490 00:11:55.500 escape lost steam reduces the efficiency
00:11:58.760 00:11:58.770 of the heat exchanger the basic function
00:12:01.940 00:12:01.950 of all heat exchangers is to heat or
00:12:03.980 00:12:03.990 cool fluids but even though they all do
00:12:06.590 00:12:06.600 the same basic job they're often
00:12:08.750 00:12:08.760 designed differently for example the
00:12:11.120 00:12:11.130 shells and tubes of heat exchangers are
00:12:12.980 00:12:12.990 often designed to create certain flow
00:12:15.140 00:12:15.150 paths these flow paths determine the
00:12:17.900 00:12:17.910 number of times the fluids pass by each
00:12:20.210 00:12:20.220 other and the direction or type of flow
00:12:22.790 00:12:22.800 through the heat exchanger this shell
00:12:25.970 00:12:25.980 and tube heat exchanger can be described
00:12:27.860 00:12:27.870 as a single pass unit the fluid on the
00:12:30.920 00:12:30.930 tube side enters one head and exits from
00:12:33.710 00:12:33.720 the other head the shell side fluid
00:12:36.290 00:12:36.300 enters here flows in the opposite
00:12:38.900 00:12:38.910 direction and exits here the two fluids
00:12:42.260 00:12:42.270 pass each other only once this heat
00:12:44.750 00:12:44.760 exchanger is designed so that the tube
00:12:46.640 00:12:46.650 side fluid passes the shell side fluid
00:12:48.560 00:12:48.570 twice the tube side fluid enters here
00:12:52.490 00:12:52.500 and is directed through half of the
00:12:54.680 00:12:54.690 tubes by the inlet head after passing
00:12:57.650 00:12:57.660 through the first half of the tubes the
00:12:59.600 00:12:59.610 fluid is directed into the rest of the
00:13:01.430 00:13:01.440 tubes by the return head the fluid then
00:13:04.160 00:13:04.170 passes through the rest of the tubes and
00:13:06.020 00:13:06.030 is directed out of the heat exchanger
00:13:09.640 00:13:09.650 besides the number of passes the flow
00:13:12.650 00:13:12.660 paths inside a heat exchanger can also
00:13:14.990 00:13:15.000 be used to categorize types of heat
00:13:17.240 00:13:17.250 exchangers there are three general
00:13:19.280 00:13:19.290 categories for the flow passed through a
00:13:21.560 00:13:21.570 he
00:13:21.860 00:13:21.870 exchanger parallel flow cross flow and
00:13:26.769 00:13:26.779 counter flow in a parallel flow heat
00:13:31.220 00:13:31.230 exchanger the shell side fluid and the
00:13:33.920 00:13:33.930 tube side fluid move in the same
00:13:35.870 00:13:35.880 direction in this heat exchanger the
00:13:38.660 00:13:38.670 tube side fluid passes through the tubes
00:13:41.090 00:13:41.100 in this direction and the shell side
00:13:43.579 00:13:43.589 fluid passes around the tubes in the
00:13:46.190 00:13:46.200 same direction in a cross flow heat
00:13:48.500 00:13:48.510 exchanger the fluids flow perpendicular
00:13:50.690 00:13:50.700 to each other the tube side fluid enters
00:13:53.900 00:13:53.910 through this Inlet flows through the
00:13:56.060 00:13:56.070 tubes and exits through this outlet the
00:14:00.050 00:14:00.060 shell side fluid enters the shell
00:14:01.850 00:14:01.860 through this Inlet flows across the
00:14:04.490 00:14:04.500 tubes and leaves the shell through this
00:14:06.740 00:14:06.750 outlet in a counter flow heat exchanger
00:14:10.870 00:14:10.880 the fluids move through the shell and
00:14:13.400 00:14:13.410 tubes in opposite directions during
00:14:16.850 00:14:16.860 Operation the tube side fluid enters
00:14:19.340 00:14:19.350 this Inlet passes through the tubes and
00:14:21.890 00:14:21.900 leaves the unit through this outlet on
00:14:24.290 00:14:24.300 the other side of the heat exchanger the
00:14:27.140 00:14:27.150 shell side fluid enters this Inlet flows
00:14:30.019 00:14:30.029 around the tubes and leaves the unit
00:14:32.240 00:14:32.250 through this outlet with parallel flow
00:14:36.800 00:14:36.810 heat exchangers the temperature
00:14:38.600 00:14:38.610 difference between the two fluids is
00:14:40.250 00:14:40.260 greatest where the two fluids enter the
00:14:42.769 00:14:42.779 heat exchanger so the amount of heat
00:14:44.960 00:14:44.970 transfer is greatest at this point by
00:14:47.630 00:14:47.640 the time the fluids are near the outlets
00:14:49.519 00:14:49.529 there is little or no temperature
00:14:51.260 00:14:51.270 difference so little or no heat is
00:14:53.360 00:14:53.370 transferred counter flow is often the
00:14:56.810 00:14:56.820 most efficient of the three types of
00:14:58.670 00:14:58.680 flow because the temperature difference
00:15:00.800 00:15:00.810 between the two fluids remains
00:15:02.329 00:15:02.339 relatively constant as the fluids passed
00:15:04.940 00:15:04.950 side by side as a result heat transfer
00:15:08.480 00:15:08.490 between the fluids can take place the
00:15:10.699 00:15:10.709 entire time that they're in the heat
00:15:12.380 00:15:12.390 exchanger when the temperature
00:15:14.780 00:15:14.790 difference between the two fluids and a
00:15:16.400 00:15:16.410 heat exchanger that uses cross flow is
00:15:18.560 00:15:18.570 plotted on a graph it appears to be very
00:15:21.110 00:15:21.120 similar to the graph for a counter flow
00:15:23.449 00:15:23.459 unit cross flow units are often used to
00:15:26.720 00:15:26.730 condense process vapours like all other
00:15:30.050 00:15:30.060 heat exchangers a plate heat exchanger
00:15:32.480 00:15:32.490 transfers heat from one fluid to another
00:15:35.560 00:15:35.570 this particular plate heat exchanger
00:15:37.360 00:15:37.370 uses a series of thin metal plates
00:15:39.790 00:15:39.800 placed back-to-back to transfer the heat
00:15:42.030 00:15:42.040 the plates are arranged so that hot
00:15:44.590 00:15:44.600 fluid flows downward on one side of a
00:15:46.930 00:15:46.940 plate and cold fluid flows upward on the
00:15:50.170 00:15:50.180 opposite side of the plate the heat is
00:15:52.690 00:15:52.700 transferred from the hot fluid through
00:15:55.060 00:15:55.070 the plate to the cooler fluid on the
00:15:57.070 00:15:57.080 other side of the plate to see how a
00:15:59.740 00:15:59.750 plate heat exchanger works will use this
00:16:02.290 00:16:02.300 simplified illustration of a counterflow
00:16:04.360 00:16:04.370 plate heat exchanger if we look at a few
00:16:08.020 00:16:08.030 of the individual plates we can see that
00:16:10.450 00:16:10.460 during Operation the hot fluid enters
00:16:13.150 00:16:13.160 this Inlet flows through the portholes
00:16:16.000 00:16:16.010 and passes downward between the plates
00:16:18.780 00:16:18.790 the fluid then flows into the portholes
00:16:21.610 00:16:21.620 at the bottom of the plates where it's
00:16:23.740 00:16:23.750 directed to the hot fluid outlet the
00:16:27.490 00:16:27.500 cold fluid enters the heat exchanger on
00:16:29.680 00:16:29.690 the bottom and passes through another
00:16:32.200 00:16:32.210 set of portholes at the bottom of the
00:16:33.970 00:16:33.980 plates the cold fluid then flows upward
00:16:37.600 00:16:37.610 on the opposite sides of the plates and
00:16:40.080 00:16:40.090 exits support holes at the top of the
00:16:42.820 00:16:42.830 plates from there it's directed to the
00:16:46.240 00:16:46.250 cold fluid outlet keep in mind that the
00:16:50.050 00:16:50.060 plates are actually back-to-back so the
00:16:52.840 00:16:52.850 two fluids pass each other on opposite
00:16:55.060 00:16:55.070 sides of a plate moving in opposite
00:16:57.340 00:16:57.350 directions all plate heat exchangers
00:17:00.280 00:17:00.290 work basically the same way so by
00:17:02.680 00:17:02.690 looking at the components of a typical
00:17:04.360 00:17:04.370 plate heat exchanger you'll better
00:17:06.490 00:17:06.500 understand how all plate heat exchangers
00:17:08.980 00:17:08.990 work this plate heat exchanger consists
00:17:12.819 00:17:12.829 of a series of thin metal plates and two
00:17:15.160 00:17:15.170 fixed end plates the end plates are used
00:17:18.490 00:17:18.500 to help support the other plates and
00:17:20.260 00:17:20.270 they hold the fluid inlets and outlets
00:17:22.949 00:17:22.959 the plates inside the heat exchanger
00:17:25.630 00:17:25.640 have a corrugated or ridged surface the
00:17:29.050 00:17:29.060 ridges caused turbulence as the fluid
00:17:31.270 00:17:31.280 passes over the plate the turbulence
00:17:33.730 00:17:33.740 helps increase the amount of heat that's
00:17:35.620 00:17:35.630 transferred the plate also has portholes
00:17:39.300 00:17:39.310 these portholes direct the flow of fluid
00:17:42.340 00:17:42.350 between the plates near the portholes
00:17:45.340 00:17:45.350 our flow directors that distribute the
00:17:48.010 00:17:48.020 fluid evenly over the
00:17:49.480 00:17:49.490 lights between each two plates is a
00:17:52.870 00:17:52.880 gasket which separates the plates and
00:17:55.570 00:17:55.580 creates a channel between them the
00:17:57.940 00:17:57.950 gaskets also seal the plates together so
00:18:00.730 00:18:00.740 that the process fluids won't leak out
00:18:02.680 00:18:02.690 of the heat exchanger the gaskets also
00:18:05.470 00:18:05.480 seal around the portholes so that the
00:18:07.600 00:18:07.610 two fluids won't mix together and
00:18:09.220 00:18:09.230 contaminate each other
00:18:17.840 00:18:17.850 you

Sales phone