00:00:08.059 he constantly flows from hot to cold all 00:00:11.33000:00:11.340 around us take the whooping crane it 00:00:13.88000:00:13.890 stands hours on end in cold water how 00:00:17.03000:00:17.040 does it warm its legs well its legs 00:00:19.55000:00:19.560 serve as heat exchangers warm blood 00:00:22.64000:00:22.650 flows down its legs heating the cold 00:00:24.98000:00:24.990 blood that flows back up we call that a 00:00:27.56000:00:27.570 counter flow heat exchanger heat 00:00:30.08000:00:30.090 transfer is everywhere in nature it's 00:00:32.75000:00:32.760 everywhere in the machinery of everyday 00:00:34.70000:00:34.710 life and an exchange of heat is how we 00:00:36.97900:00:36.989 turn natural gas into liquid LNG plants 00:00:40.58000:00:40.590 generally use three types of heat 00:00:42.68000:00:42.690 exchangers fin fan exchangers much like 00:00:45.74000:00:45.750 those on the backs of our refrigerators 00:00:47.66000:00:47.670 cool the refrigerants but the heart of 00:00:50.29900:00:50.309 an LNG plant is the exchanger that cools 00:00:53.03000:00:53.040 in the natural gas the two types are 00:00:55.58000:00:55.590 coil wound and plate fin coil wound heat 00:00:58.72900:00:58.739 exchangers have been around the longest 00:01:00.26000:01:00.270 they evolved from 19th century 00:01:02.66000:01:02.670 locomotive boilers today we wind 00:01:05.32900:01:05.339 multiple layers of tubes inside a 00:01:07.49000:01:07.500 pressure vessel shell natural gas and 00:01:10.24900:01:10.259 high pressure refrigerant both cool as 00:01:12.65000:01:12.660 they flow up inside the tubes a very 00:01:15.32000:01:15.330 cold refrigerant flows down around the 00:01:18.13900:01:18.149 tubes in the shell those wound tubes can 00:01:20.99000:01:21.000 provide a heating surface as great as 00:01:23.41000:01:23.420 40,000 square meters these units are 00:01:26.51000:01:26.520 compact but they're big one might weigh 00:01:29.18000:01:29.190 over 250 tons and look like a gigantic 00:01:32.96000:01:32.970 spark plug or maybe like a Saturn rocket 00:01:36.53900:01:36.549 we can build these units for all kinds 00:01:38.88000:01:38.890 of fluids pressures and temperature 00:01:40.62000:01:40.630 ranges they transfer an amazing amount 00:01:43.23000:01:43.240 of heat in a given space the other 00:01:45.87000:01:45.880 widely used LNG exchanger is the plate 00:01:48.81000:01:48.820 fin type they're smaller and lighter 00:01:51.35900:01:51.369 than coil wound exchangers and we can 00:01:53.99900:01:54.009 easily scale them from small to large 00:01:55.91900:01:55.929 sizes a look inside shows how it works 00:01:59.34000:01:59.350 fluids move through alternating layers 00:02:01.46900:02:01.479 of corrugated fins separated by flat 00:02:03.99000:02:04.000 plates transferring heat between natural 00:02:06.35900:02:06.369 gas and refrigerants those fins enhance 00:02:09.41900:02:09.429 heat transfer from the fluid and they 00:02:11.58000:02:11.590 conduct more heat directly into the 00:02:13.74000:02:13.750 plates these layers of fins and plates 00:02:16.55900:02:16.569 can be combined in many configurations 00:02:18.53000:02:18.540 we arrange the flows so as to optimize 00:02:21.50900:02:21.519 the heat transfer the aluminum plates 00:02:24.50900:02:24.519 are braised together we attach headers 00:02:27.24000:02:27.250 to the stack to direct the streams of 00:02:29.10000:02:29.110 refrigerants and the natural gas then we 00:02:31.58900:02:31.599 install all this in a cold box this 00:02:34.28900:02:34.299 heavily insulated box keeps everything 00:02:36.63000:02:36.640 cold that gives operators more 00:02:38.97000:02:38.980 flexibility during steady and changing 00:02:41.06900:02:41.079 conditions plate fin exchangers transfer 00:02:43.77000:02:43.780 around six times as much heat in a given 00:02:46.14000:02:46.150 space as coil wild exchangers do but 00:02:49.05000:02:49.060 coil round exchangers can hold pressures 00:02:51.30000:02:51.310 all the way up to 250 times one 00:02:54.03000:02:54.040 atmosphere and we can make them from 00:02:56.52000:02:56.530 different materials so two different 00:03:00.42000:03:00.430 heat exchangers each finds its place in 00:03:03.03000:03:03.040 specific liquefaction processes that we 00:03:05.49000:03:05.500 humans have designed and developed over 00:03:07.58900:03:07.599 decades and we finally achieve on a vast 00:03:11.06900:03:11.079 scale but that whooping cranes legs have 00:03:13.86000:03:13.870 long done in cold tidal waters 00:03:17.59000:03:17.600 you 00:03:28.34000:03:28.350
Office location
Engineering company LOTUS®
Russia, Ekaterinburg, Lunacharskogo street, 240/12