Micro Plate Heat Exchanger (MPHE) - How they work, working principle hvac phx

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Kind: captions
Language: en

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Hey there, guys.
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Paul here from TheEngineeringMindset.com.
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In this video, we're going to be learning
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all about Micro Plate heat
exchangers, or MPHEs for short.
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These are the most advanced
heat exchangers to date,
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and they enable heat to be
transferred more efficiently
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than any previous model of heat exchanger.
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So we're going to be
looking at how they work,
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where they are used, why they are used,
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and the benefits of using these.
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Before we jump in, though,
I just want to thank Danfoss
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for sponsoring this video.
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They have some excellent
Micro Plate heat exchanger
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solutions that fit a wide
variety of applications,
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including their new Z-design series.
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Not only is a Z-design compatible
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with numerous refrigerants,
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it also enables a 40%
higher heat transfer rate
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and decreases energy consumption.
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If you are interested in learning more
00:00:48.140 --> 00:00:50.490
about what the Z-design
00:00:50.490 --> 00:00:52.160
can do for your cooling system,
00:00:52.160 --> 00:00:53.780
be sure to check out their website
00:00:53.780 --> 00:00:56.300
using the link in the
video description below.
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Let's just recap on the
purpose of heat exchangers
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and how they work.
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The purpose of heat
exchangers in general terms
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is to allow thermal energy to transfer
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between two fluids without the fluids
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coming into direct
contact with each other.
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The fluids can be anything, oil, water,
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refrigerant, milk, steam, etcetera.
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Although, for this video,
we are primarily focusing
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on Micro Plate heat exchangers
and their application
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within heating and cooling
systems for buildings,
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which use water and refrigerants.
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These are plate heat
exchangers which can be used
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for the evaporator and the condenser,
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for example, within
chillers and heat pumps.
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When used for an evaporator,
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the vapor liquid mixture enters
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the bottom of the heat exchanger
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where the thermal energy
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is transferred into the refrigerant,
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which causes it to boil and evaporate.
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This then leaves through the
top of the heat exchanger
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with some degree of superheat.
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When used as a condenser,
the hot refrigerant gas
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enters the top of the heat exchanger
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where it begins to
transfer its thermal energy
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out of the refrigerant and
into the secondary fluid
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which cools the refrigerant
down and causes it to condense
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into a partly sub-cooled liquid state.
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Traditionally, shell and tube
heat exchangers were used,
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and they still are for
certain applications.
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But then along came the invention
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of the plate heat exchanger
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which was a much more compact
and efficient heat exchanger.
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These can come in either gasket
or brazed plate variations.
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Plate heat exchangers
use thin sheets of metal,
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known as plates, to separate the fluids
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and create separate channels
for the fluids to flow through
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and exchange their thermal energy.
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For this thermal transfer to take place,
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two fluids are used, a
primary and a secondary,
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which both enter and exit
through different ports.
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The fluids must be at
different temperatures.
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The greater the temperature difference,
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then the higher the heat
transfer rate will be.
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The two fluids will never meet or mix.
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They are always separated
by the plates of metal,
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and the thermal energy flows between them,
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passing through the plate's material.
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As I mentioned, there are two types
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of plate heat exchangers,
gasket and brazed plate.
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Gasket plate heat exchangers
use a rubber gasket
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to separate the plates and form a seal
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which directs the fluids
into certain channels
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as well as preventing the fluids
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from entering other channels.
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This prevents the fluids from coming
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into direct contact with each other.
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This type of heat exchanger
can be dismantled for cleaning,
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and additional plates can
even be added or removed
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to increase or decrease the
heat transfer capacity rating.
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Brazed plate heat exchangers
also use thin plates
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to create the channels for
the fluids to pass through.
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However, they do not use gaskets.
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They are instead braze welded,
typically using copper.
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During the brazing process,
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all the surfaces which
physically touch another surface
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will form a weld along
that connecting edge.
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So by orientating the plates,
permanent seals are created
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which direct the flow of the fluids
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and prevent them from
coming into direct contact.
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Brazed plate heat
exchangers can't, therefore,
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be dismantled for cleaning,
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and no plates can be added or removed.
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However, brazed plates can
still be flush cleaned.
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And because they do not use gaskets,
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they are very unlikely to leak,
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whereas, with gasket
plate heat exchangers,
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these are going to have
a higher possibility.
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Although, with good maintenance,
no leaks should occur.
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Traditionally, plate heat exchangers
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would use grooved plates which have
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these V or chevron shape patterns
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pressed into them of different variations.
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Then along came the Micro
Plate heat exchanger
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which is the next evolution
of plate heat exchangers
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and the latest in heat
exchanger technology,
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and they have been designed
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with energy efficiency and
sustainability in focus.
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Rather than using the traditional method,
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or grooved or chevron plates,
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Micro Plate heat exchangers
use small dimples.
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There are a number of reasons
why this is a great design,
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firstly, because the
dimples spread the fluids
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across the surface of the heat
exchanger much more evenly.
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This maximizes the heat
transfer surface area
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which means that there is more time
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for the heat transfer over
across between the two fluids.
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The dimples also cause the fluids
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to move much more turbulently
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because their dimples cause the fluids
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to change direction much more
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compared to a typical chevron pattern.
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The reason turbulence is
good for heat exchangers
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is because when fluids flow smoothly,
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which is known as a laminar flow,
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the fluids actually flow in layers,
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and the outermost layer moves the slowest,
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and the centermost
layer moves the fastest.
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Heat is then transferred only
into the outermost layer.
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The fluid in the center
can pass straight through
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and will carry little to no heat away.
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This means you pay to pump a fluid
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through the heat exchanger,
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but the fluid wasn't able
to pick up much or any heat.
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So you therefore need to
pump the fluid through again
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to try and capture all
the heat that it missed.
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Turbulent flow causes these layers to mix,
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and that forces the heat
into the center of the flow
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so it can be carried away,
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allowing for more heat to transfer over.
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So the efficiency of the heat
exchanger is greatly improved.
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The size, spacing, and
shape of the dimples
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plays a critical part in the efficiency,
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so these are specifically designed
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for the application required
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as well as the heat transfer
rate and the pressure loss.
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For example, there are specifically
designed heat exchangers
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for the evaporator and the condenser
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of heat pumps and chillers.
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There's also more
general-purpose heat exchangers,
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like waste heat recovery,
perhaps from a data center
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to a district heating system.
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So depending on the application,
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you can get them in anything
from three kilowatts
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up to and over 400 kilowatts.
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And depending again on the application,
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they can be either brazed plate or gasket.
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The heat exchangers also
use counter flow design.
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And this means that the
two fluids will flow
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in the opposite direction to each other,
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and this increases the heat transfer rate
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and the log mean temperature
difference, or the LMTD,
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which results in less heat
transfer area being required,
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meaning that the heat
exchangers can be made smaller.
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Like any plate heat exchanger,
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the purpose of Micro Plate heat exchangers
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is to transfer heat from
one fluid over to another,
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not to the ambient air
and its surroundings.
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A lot of people forget this
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and do not insulate their heat exchangers
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which just wastes energy.
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For example, if you're using these
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for a cooling application,
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then it costs money to
generate the chilled water.
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And if you don't insulate
your heat exchangers,
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then it's just going to pick up waste heat
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before it's even reached its destination
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to provide air conditioning.
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Therefore, if you see
a plate heat exchanger
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that is exposed, or its
surfaces are visible,
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then get it insulated.
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Check with the manufacturer.
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They should be able to
provide an insulation panel
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with the exact measurements for
the heat exchanger you have,
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and these can quickly
and easily be removed
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should you need to perform maintenance.
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This will also increase the efficiency
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of the heat exchanger.
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Some of the benefits of using
00:07:34.600 --> 00:07:36.860
are that it has reduced
refrigerant volume.
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The heat exchanges are smaller,
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so your system needs less refrigerant.
00:07:40.540 --> 00:07:42.330
Improved flow means that the pressure loss
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is kept to a minimum, so the
process requires less energy
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to pump water around the system.
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The heat exchanger has a
higher mechanical strength.
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It provides a stable evaporation process,
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has a longer system life span.
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It's quick and easy to install.
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It's smaller, lightweight,
uses less raw materials,
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and has less of an environmental impact.
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It also has a higher heat transfer rate,
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up to 40% compared to
traditional fishbone design.
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All right, thanks for watching, guys.
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Before we wrap up, I just want to give
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one more quick shout out to Danfoss
00:08:12.250 --> 00:08:13.340
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Don't forget to check out
00:08:14.260 --> 00:08:16.500
the new Z-design Micro
00:08:16.500 --> 00:08:19.440
by following the link in
the video description below.
00:08:19.440 --> 00:08:20.770
Okay, that's it for this video.
00:08:20.770 --> 00:08:21.950
Thank you very much for watching.
00:08:21.950 --> 00:08:23.790
I hope this has helped
you and you've enjoyed it.
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If so, then please don't forget
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to like, subscribe, and share,
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and check us out on
Facebook, Twitter, Google+,
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and of course TheEngineeringMindset.com.
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Once again, thanks for watching.
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Phone: +7 343 216 77 75

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