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Online Course - TEMA Shell & Tube Heat Exchangers 1.1

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welcome back to the shell and tube heat
00:00:02.899 00:00:02.909 exchangers part 1 online course you are
00:00:05.930 00:00:05.940 watching the introductory video of
00:00:07.730 00:00:07.740 module 1 getting started this video is a
00:00:11.839 00:00:11.849 quick overview of the different contents
00:00:13.759 00:00:13.769 you have to get acquainted with prior
00:00:15.680 00:00:15.690 any development this is a problem-based
00:00:19.519 00:00:19.529 training course contents are simulated
00:00:22.460 00:00:22.470 through the development of real cases
00:00:24.470 00:00:24.480 and design processes in this first
00:00:28.460 00:00:28.470 module getting started you will acquire
00:00:30.800 00:00:30.810 all the knowledge required to get ready
00:00:33.500 00:00:33.510 for the next stage putting your hands on
00:00:35.780 00:00:35.790 the calculation case studies the
00:00:39.619 00:00:39.629 contents that will be covered in this
00:00:41.240 00:00:41.250 module have been outlined to acquire a
00:00:43.910 00:00:43.920 solid background of general vocabulary
00:00:46.010 00:00:46.020 and terminology the contents covering
00:00:50.900 00:00:50.910 this module are shell and tube heat
00:00:53.510 00:00:53.520 exchangers general terminology design
00:00:56.330 00:00:56.340 codes design conditions unmaterialistic
00:01:04.240 00:01:04.250 changers are used to exchange energy
00:01:06.620 00:01:06.630 between two fluid streams in a
00:01:09.050 00:01:09.060 particular process plant collect samples
00:01:11.870 00:01:11.880 are radiators water heaters evaporators
00:01:15.560 00:01:15.570 steam generators etc the first
00:01:19.550 00:01:19.560 classification of heat exchangers could
00:01:21.350 00:01:21.360 be made according to the construction
00:01:23.210 00:01:23.220 type in tubular where shell and tube
00:01:26.660 00:01:26.670 heat exchangers for plate and frame high
00:01:30.380 00:01:30.390 transfer surface in a condensed
00:01:32.270 00:01:32.280 footprint and extended surface large
00:01:35.929 00:01:35.939 heat transfer capabilities such as air
00:01:38.990 00:01:39.000 coolers and cooling towers in a shell
00:01:43.310 00:01:43.320 and tube heat exchanger too fluid
00:01:45.289 00:01:45.299 circulates in a different temperature
00:01:46.940 00:01:46.950 conditions exchange heat through the
00:01:49.550 00:01:49.560 walls of the tubes without direct
00:01:51.830 00:01:51.840 contact between the fluids
00:01:56.209 00:01:56.219 the fluid flowing inside the heat
00:01:59.310 00:01:59.320 transfer tubes that belongs to the tube
00:02:01.770 00:02:01.780 bundle defines the tube side of a shell
00:02:04.440 00:02:04.450 and tube heat exchanger on the contrary
00:02:08.059 00:02:08.069 the fluid flowing inside the shell of
00:02:10.650 00:02:10.660 the exchanger defines the shell side of
00:02:12.930 00:02:12.940 a shell and tube heat exchanger
00:02:16.610 00:02:16.620 depending on the many different
00:02:18.559 00:02:18.569 configurations available shell and tube
00:02:21.180 00:02:21.190 heat exchangers are formed by different
00:02:23.160 00:02:23.170 elements the picture shows the main part
00:02:27.150 00:02:27.160 of a floating to sheet type shell and
00:02:29.789 00:02:29.799 tube heat exchanger widely used in
00:02:32.220 00:02:32.230 petrochemical refineries different
00:02:37.020 00:02:37.030 design conditions require different
00:02:38.850 00:02:38.860 configurations therefore different type
00:02:41.789 00:02:41.799 of shanthi of kill exchangers there are
00:02:47.190 00:02:47.200 three main types of shell and tube heat
00:02:49.170 00:02:49.180 exchangers fixed jib sheet type
00:02:52.880 00:02:52.890 featuring two fixed plates at both ends
00:02:55.740 00:02:55.750 of the tube bundle its fabrication is
00:02:58.349 00:02:58.359 the most economical of all types u tube
00:03:01.979 00:03:01.989 type they only have one tube sheet and
00:03:04.830 00:03:04.840 green all tubes that are you shaped it
00:03:07.170 00:03:07.180 has the ability to freely absorb thermal
00:03:10.259 00:03:10.269 expansions at low cost and last the
00:03:14.430 00:03:14.440 floating tube sheet type there are they
00:03:17.520 00:03:17.530 are mixture of the two percentage above
00:03:19.610 00:03:19.620 these configurations the best option for
00:03:22.140 00:03:22.150 inspection maintenance and repair but
00:03:26.250 00:03:26.260 how do they compare with each other as
00:03:28.940 00:03:28.950 we move down in this classification heat
00:03:33.000 00:03:33.010 exchangers are more expensive and allow
00:03:35.220 00:03:35.230 greater differential expansion on the
00:03:38.640 00:03:38.650 other hand as we move up the list heat
00:03:42.089 00:03:42.099 exchangers require less maintenance and
00:03:44.400 00:03:44.410 present a higher leak tightness
00:03:48.869 00:03:48.879 the main reason that led to the
00:03:51.130 00:03:51.140 development of these design codes was
00:03:53.470 00:03:53.480 essentially to relate shell and tube
00:03:55.119 00:03:55.129 heat exchangers manufacturers in order
00:03:57.490 00:03:57.500 to unify the design criteria and produce
00:04:00.100 00:04:00.110 better final quality equipment in other
00:04:02.619 00:04:02.629 words safer exchangers it can be said
00:04:08.229 00:04:08.239 that there are two groups of design
00:04:09.699 00:04:09.709 codes mechanical design codes and
00:04:12.750 00:04:12.760 pressure design codes since a heat
00:04:16.750 00:04:16.760 exchanger is also a pressure vessel each
00:04:20.110 00:04:20.120 mechanical design code relates with a
00:04:22.240 00:04:22.250 pressure vessel code the pressure
00:04:24.879 00:04:24.889 vessels codes to be used is defining the
00:04:27.640 00:04:27.650 scope of each mechanical design code the
00:04:31.990 00:04:32.000 most widely used codes for the
00:04:33.790 00:04:33.800 mechanical design are the tama code
00:04:36.300 00:04:36.310 largely used in petrochemical refineries
00:04:39.100 00:04:39.110 and applications in general and the hei
00:04:43.500 00:04:43.510 standard mainly used for power plants
00:04:47.250 00:04:47.260 both codes prescribe the use of the
00:04:50.379 00:04:50.389 asthma section eight code for the design
00:04:52.840 00:04:52.850 pressure the Tama code developed by the
00:04:58.840 00:04:58.850 tubular exchangers Manufacturers
00:05:00.610 00:05:00.620 Association aims to regulate the
00:05:03.340 00:05:03.350 criteria for the design and manufacture
00:05:05.620 00:05:05.630 of shell and tube heat exchangers for
00:05:07.659 00:05:07.669 general applications the scope and
00:05:11.800 00:05:11.810 applications range is stated in the team
00:05:14.320 00:05:14.330 a code which should be consulted prior
00:05:16.840 00:05:16.850 any design the objective of these
00:05:20.080 00:05:20.090 restrictions is to regulate the stress
00:05:22.300 00:05:22.310 induced in their materials
00:05:25.790 00:05:25.800 as previously stated shell and tube heat
00:05:28.730 00:05:28.740 exchangers can adopt many different
00:05:30.800 00:05:30.810 configurations
00:05:31.730 00:05:31.740 all possible combinations are indicated
00:05:34.490 00:05:34.500 in the team a classification chart
00:05:36.170 00:05:36.180 included in the code as an example an AE
00:05:40.189 00:05:40.199 M type shell and tube heat exchanger
00:05:42.379 00:05:42.389 will consist of a stuttering head type a
00:05:47.200 00:05:47.210 shell type II and a rear head type M
00:05:56.710 00:05:56.720 this is standard by the heat exchange
00:05:59.420 00:05:59.430 Institute was developed to establish
00:06:02.029 00:06:02.039 minimal requirements of design
00:06:04.180 00:06:04.190 manufacture testing and operation of
00:06:07.189 00:06:07.199 shell and tube heat exchangers for power
00:06:09.080 00:06:09.090 generation plants same as with the tema
00:06:13.399 00:06:13.409 code the scope and restrictions of the
00:06:16.219 00:06:16.229 HEI standard shall be consulted prior
00:06:19.399 00:06:19.409 any design ATI classification follows
00:06:24.020 00:06:24.030 the same pattern as the tema code in
00:06:26.240 00:06:26.250 this case the equipment is divided into
00:06:29.330 00:06:29.340 five columns instead of 3 and the final
00:06:32.209 00:06:32.219 exchanger designation combines both
00:06:34.790 00:06:34.800 letters and numbers as previously
00:06:38.570 00:06:38.580 mentioned both tama and hei prescribed
00:06:42.050 00:06:42.060 use of the Asthma section eight code for
00:06:44.629 00:06:44.639 the pressure design the admin boiler and
00:06:48.920 00:06:48.930 pressure vessels code is a set of
00:06:50.689 00:06:50.699 standards specifications and design
00:06:53.269 00:06:53.279 rules based on many years of experience
00:06:56.209 00:06:56.219 all applied to the design fabrication
00:06:59.300 00:06:59.310 installation inspection and
00:07:01.369 00:07:01.379 certification of pressure vessels some
00:07:04.850 00:07:04.860 of them are construction codes such as
00:07:07.249 00:07:07.259 sections 1 3 4 8 10 and 12
00:07:13.629 00:07:13.639 some others reference codes such as
00:07:16.610 00:07:16.620 sections 2 5 and 9 and some others rules
00:07:21.740 00:07:21.750 for operating inspection and in-service
00:07:24.379 00:07:24.389 maintenance such as sections 6 & 7
00:07:29.000 00:07:29.010 it has three main subsections subsection
00:07:32.940 00:07:32.950 a general requirements where the most
00:07:37.920 00:07:37.930 you support within this section is part
00:07:40.530 00:07:40.540 ug general requirements for all
00:07:43.320 00:07:43.330 construction methods and all materials
00:07:46.460 00:07:46.470 then we have subsection B fabrication
00:07:50.130 00:07:50.140 requirements in this case the most used
00:07:53.640 00:07:53.650 part within this section is part u W
00:07:57.440 00:07:57.450 requirement for pressure vessels
00:07:59.460 00:07:59.470 manufactured by welding then there is
00:08:04.080 00:08:04.090 subsection C material requirement where
00:08:08.010 00:08:08.020 the most use part within this section is
00:08:10.740 00:08:10.750 part UCS requirement for pressure
00:08:13.980 00:08:13.990 vessels constructor out of carbon steel
00:08:16.560 00:08:16.570 and low alloy steel and finally we have
00:08:21.270 00:08:21.280 the appendices mandatory and
00:08:23.400 00:08:23.410 non-mandatory the adequate definition of
00:08:28.710 00:08:28.720 the design condition is a stepping stone
00:08:30.780 00:08:30.790 of any satisfactory design in some cases
00:08:34.200 00:08:34.210 the real difficulty of the calculation
00:08:36.510 00:08:36.520 process lies with definition of the
00:08:38.700 00:08:38.710 design conditions pressure and
00:08:42.000 00:08:42.010 temperature are just two of the many
00:08:44.400 00:08:44.410 design constraints that should be taken
00:08:46.650 00:08:46.660 into account some of them are
00:08:49.700 00:08:49.710 temperature as in ambient temperature
00:08:52.830 00:08:52.840 MDM T design temperature pressure
00:08:56.870 00:08:56.880 operating design mouth test pressure
00:09:00.380 00:09:00.390 loading dead loads live loads
00:09:03.540 00:09:03.550 cyclic loading corrosion allowance or
00:09:06.810 00:09:06.820 liquid level wind and seismic conditions
00:09:12.210 00:09:12.220 a steam out hydrostatic desk
00:09:15.350 00:09:15.360 requirements transportation and lifting
00:09:19.530 00:09:19.540 conditions material selection and
00:09:22.200 00:09:22.210 pressure vessel design depend on these
00:09:24.120 00:09:24.130 design conditions the Asthma code does
00:09:28.500 00:09:28.510 not recommend or suggest any material
00:09:30.810 00:09:30.820 for any particular application the code
00:09:34.020 00:09:34.030 merely states what materials are allowed
00:09:36.540 00:09:36.550 and the requirements they have to comply
00:09:38.550 00:09:38.560 with in order to select an adequate
00:09:43.140 00:09:43.150 material for a concrete application the
00:09:45.810 00:09:45.820 following properties shall be evaluated
00:09:48.680 00:09:48.690 allowable stress corrosion resistance
00:09:52.970 00:09:52.980 temperature resistance and toughness or
00:09:56.760 00:09:56.770 resilience first of all the main
00:10:01.320 00:10:01.330 mechanical properties of Steel must be
00:10:03.750 00:10:03.760 known the basic mechanical properties of
00:10:07.440 00:10:07.450 steel can be obtained through a typical
00:10:09.840 00:10:09.850 stress strain test the diagram shows
00:10:12.920 00:10:12.930 point a is known as yield point if the
00:10:17.190 00:10:17.200 tension load is released at any point
00:10:19.410 00:10:19.420 below point a the material returns to
00:10:22.380 00:10:22.390 its initial state without any permanent
00:10:24.840 00:10:24.850 deformation when this point is exceeded
00:10:28.260 00:10:28.270 the material is no longer elastic
00:10:30.740 00:10:30.750 releasing the load on this range lifts
00:10:33.900 00:10:33.910 the specimen with the permanent or
00:10:35.820 00:10:35.830 plastic deformation point B is known as
00:10:40.650 00:10:40.660 tensile stress and Point C is known at
00:10:44.070 00:10:44.080 rupture point interestingly enough none
00:10:49.740 00:10:49.750 of the aforementioned points is used for
00:10:51.810 00:10:51.820 the design of pressure vessels so what
00:10:55.110 00:10:55.120 is the allowable stress to be considered
00:10:56.970 00:10:56.980 in our designs pressure vessels among
00:11:00.930 00:11:00.940 other mechanical equipment must not work
00:11:03.300 00:11:03.310 within the plastic deformation zone
00:11:04.980 00:11:04.990 under any circumstances after point a
00:11:08.970 00:11:08.980 the material has lost its initial
00:11:11.460 00:11:11.470 mechanical properties permanently
00:11:13.730 00:11:13.740 therefore the allowable stress is always
00:11:16.590 00:11:16.600 a percentage below the yield point
00:11:19.920 00:11:19.930 this percentage is a safety factor and
00:11:22.769 00:11:22.779 it defines the allowable stress the
00:11:26.250 00:11:26.260 allowable stress is established by the
00:11:28.350 00:11:28.360 design code for each case and it is
00:11:31.380 00:11:31.390 selected for a given material and the
00:11:33.570 00:11:33.580 design temperature unloyal stresses for
00:11:37.889 00:11:37.899 all accepted materials to be used in the
00:11:40.470 00:11:40.480 design of pressure vessels according to
00:11:42.389 00:11:42.399 section a division-one
00:11:43.760 00:11:43.770 are found in table 1 a of section 2 Part
00:11:48.690 00:11:48.700 D of the boiler and pressure vessel
00:11:51.120 00:11:51.130 called this video is just a quick
00:11:54.720 00:11:54.730 overview of the different contents you
00:11:56.639 00:11:56.649 have to get acquainted with you should
00:11:59.340 00:11:59.350 check and understand the different
00:12:00.750 00:12:00.760 contents mentioned in this video in the
00:12:02.970 00:12:02.980 study notes prior any development
00:12:05.600 00:12:05.610 remember that all concepts dealt with
00:12:08.220 00:12:08.230 are complimentary and that assignments
00:12:10.889 00:12:10.899 are linked keep up with the good work
00:12:13.380 00:12:13.390 and come back for more thank you and
00:12:16.110 00:12:16.120 have a great day

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