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Online Course - TEMA Shell & Tube Heat Exchangers 1.2

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welcome back to the shell and tube heat
00:00:02.899 00:00:02.909 exchangers part 1 online course you are
00:00:06.380 00:00:06.390 watching the introductory video of
00:00:08.419 00:00:08.429 module 2 heat transfer tubes this video
00:00:13.160 00:00:13.170 is a quick overview of the different
00:00:14.780 00:00:14.790 contents you have to get acquainted with
00:00:16.519 00:00:16.529 prior any development this is a
00:00:20.510 00:00:20.520 problem-based training course contents
00:00:23.090 00:00:23.100 are simulated through the development of
00:00:25.310 00:00:25.320 real cases and design processes in this
00:00:29.269 00:00:29.279 second module heat transfer tubes you
00:00:32.569 00:00:32.579 will obtain all the knowledge required
00:00:34.370 00:00:34.380 to properly design the different
00:00:36.770 00:00:36.780 arrangements of these components the
00:00:41.119 00:00:41.129 contents that will be covered in this
00:00:43.160 00:00:43.170 module have been outlined to understand
00:00:46.190 00:00:46.200 the design process of this element in
00:00:48.560 00:00:48.570 order to arrived on adequate design the
00:00:52.790 00:00:52.800 content covered in this module or
00:00:55.000 00:00:55.010 chalant arrangement and heat transfer
00:00:58.670 00:00:58.680 tubes shell and tube heat exchangers
00:01:03.139 00:01:03.149 adopt different configurations according
00:01:05.780 00:01:05.790 to the design requirements in order to
00:01:10.490 00:01:10.500 understand the configuration of this
00:01:12.410 00:01:12.420 type of equipment it is necessary to
00:01:14.750 00:01:14.760 bear in mind that there are two
00:01:16.520 00:01:16.530 different fluids circulating inside the
00:01:19.219 00:01:19.229 exchanger without mixing for this reason
00:01:23.149 00:01:23.159 the equipment is divided in two circuits
00:01:25.820 00:01:25.830 tube side and shell side therefore to
00:01:30.710 00:01:30.720 understand the arrangement of shell and
00:01:32.569 00:01:32.579 tube heat exchangers it is essential to
00:01:34.940 00:01:34.950 study the bundle arrangement and the
00:01:37.880 00:01:37.890 shell configuration the configuration of
00:01:43.370 00:01:43.380 the tube side in a shell and tube heat
00:01:45.139 00:01:45.149 exchanger is defined by the tube bundle
00:01:48.219 00:01:48.229 set located inside the shell it is worth
00:01:52.520 00:01:52.530 mentioning that the tube bundle it is in
00:01:55.460 00:01:55.470 touch with both fluids the tube side
00:01:58.490 00:01:58.500 fluid inside the tubes and the shell
00:02:00.889 00:02:00.899 side fluid bathing the tubes
00:02:03.160 00:02:03.170 that is why it's configuration depends
00:02:06.740 00:02:06.750 on both fluids
00:02:10.650 00:02:10.660 the main part of this element are
00:02:15.089 00:02:15.099 stationary and float into sheets
00:02:18.210 00:02:18.220 transfer tubes tie rods and spacers and
00:02:22.830 00:02:22.840 transverse baffles the arrangement of
00:02:28.180 00:02:28.190 partition plates in stationary rear or
00:02:30.880 00:02:30.890 floating heads determine the number of
00:02:33.670 00:02:33.680 times the tilt side fluid changes
00:02:36.400 00:02:36.410 direction this is the number of passes
00:02:39.250 00:02:39.260 of a shell and tube heat exchanger the
00:02:44.170 00:02:44.180 number of tubes within the circle
00:02:46.030 00:02:46.040 limiting the tubes or CLT will be the
00:02:49.120 00:02:49.130 maximum number of tubes any particular
00:02:51.250 00:02:51.260 exchanger can hold alternatives should
00:02:54.400 00:02:54.410 be pursued according to thermal
00:02:56.500 00:02:56.510 requirements when the number of passes
00:02:59.979 00:02:59.989 is bigger than 1 the same amount of
00:03:02.110 00:03:02.120 tubes shall be arranged on each pass
00:03:04.479 00:03:04.489 partition this condition is not always
00:03:08.199 00:03:08.209 met at most a 3 percent maximum
00:03:12.100 00:03:12.110 difference in the number of tubes
00:03:13.720 00:03:13.730 between passes may be accepted the tube
00:03:19.390 00:03:19.400 pattern is the shape presented by the
00:03:21.729 00:03:21.739 line connected the Centers of the tubes
00:03:23.830 00:03:23.840 in a tube sheet cross section among
00:03:28.240 00:03:28.250 other things the tube pattern depends on
00:03:30.849 00:03:30.859 the type of fluid in the shell and the
00:03:33.220 00:03:33.230 velocity of this fluid both Tim are
00:03:37.809 00:03:37.819 called an ATI standard established that
00:03:41.080 00:03:41.090 the permitted tube patterns or
00:03:43.800 00:03:43.810 triangular 30 degrees rotated triangular
00:03:48.220 00:03:48.230 60 degrees square 90 degrees and rotated
00:03:53.259 00:03:53.269 square 45 degrees the distance between
00:03:58.059 00:03:58.069 centers of to youtubes according to the
00:04:00.819 00:04:00.829 proposed arrangement it is called pitch
00:04:06.060 00:04:06.070 the function of tide rods and spacers is
00:04:09.970 00:04:09.980 to create a rigid structure between the
00:04:12.430 00:04:12.440 tube sheet the baffles and the tubes
00:04:15.449 00:04:15.459 constituting the tube bundles a single
00:04:17.830 00:04:17.840 item for removable tube bundles
00:04:21.160 00:04:21.170 one end of the tie rod is anchored to
00:04:24.550 00:04:24.560 the fixed or stationary tube sheet the
00:04:28.870 00:04:28.880 required number of tie rods and their
00:04:31.150 00:04:31.160 size is a function of the shell diameter
00:04:33.430 00:04:33.440 and should be distributed evenly
00:04:35.650 00:04:35.660 throughout the outside edge of the tube
00:04:38.500 00:04:38.510 sheet the shell configuration basically
00:04:42.580 00:04:42.590 type and location of baffles depends
00:04:45.250 00:04:45.260 mainly on the type of fluid and velocity
00:04:47.680 00:04:47.690 to a lesser extent it also depends on
00:04:50.890 00:04:50.900 the nozzle location on the shell
00:04:55.350 00:04:55.360 depending on thermal requirements and
00:04:57.820 00:04:57.830 depending on the type of fluid
00:04:59.170 00:04:59.180 circulating inside the shell it is
00:05:01.450 00:05:01.460 possible to arrange the baffles to force
00:05:04.240 00:05:04.250 the fluid to circulate in specific paths
00:05:06.580 00:05:06.590 and even traveling through the shell and
00:05:09.760 00:05:09.770 number of times the most used baffle
00:05:14.650 00:05:14.660 configuration in shell and tube heat
00:05:16.210 00:05:16.220 exchangers is the one shown in the
00:05:18.370 00:05:18.380 picture single segmental baffles one of
00:05:23.770 00:05:23.780 the many alternatives is the double
00:05:25.780 00:05:25.790 segmental baffle configuration with
00:05:28.659 00:05:28.669 respect to the previous one this
00:05:30.700 00:05:30.710 arrangement distributes the fluid to
00:05:33.310 00:05:33.320 different parts of the shell
00:05:37.810 00:05:37.820 donut and disk baffles are also used all
00:05:44.930 00:05:44.940 baffle configurations seen so far
00:05:47.240 00:05:47.250 correspond to one shell pass you know
00:05:50.360 00:05:50.370 the words
00:05:51.020 00:05:51.030 the fluid travels all the length of the
00:05:53.390 00:05:53.400 shell only ones in some cases sensible
00:05:59.300 00:05:59.310 thermal gradients between the two fluids
00:06:01.040 00:06:01.050 for instance it is required that the
00:06:03.650 00:06:03.660 fluid travels the length of the shell
00:06:05.810 00:06:05.820 more than once
00:06:08.320 00:06:08.330 longitudinal baffles are used in these
00:06:11.060 00:06:11.070 cases as shown in the picture in this
00:06:16.610 00:06:16.620 section we will cover the design and
00:06:18.650 00:06:18.660 calculation of heat transfer tubes
00:06:21.400 00:06:21.410 cylindrical elements similar to a pipe
00:06:24.970 00:06:24.980 the design of transfer tubes it's
00:06:27.980 00:06:27.990 critical to the exchangers efficiency
00:06:30.200 00:06:30.210 this is due to the fact that the fluids
00:06:32.930 00:06:32.940 interchange in heat sink relate at both
00:06:35.840 00:06:35.850 side of the tube internally and
00:06:38.390 00:06:38.400 externally commercial tubes used for
00:06:43.280 00:06:43.290 heat exchangers are different from pipes
00:06:45.320 00:06:45.330 used for fluids transportation the tubes
00:06:50.120 00:06:50.130 used in the fabrication of shell and
00:06:52.160 00:06:52.170 tube heat exchangers is calibrated it is
00:06:56.240 00:06:56.250 specified according to its outer
00:06:58.310 00:06:58.320 diameter that coincides with the nominal
00:07:01.490 00:07:01.500 diameter and the wall thickness the will
00:07:05.930 00:07:05.940 thickness or gauge is determined
00:07:08.210 00:07:08.220 according to the bwg scale from 1 to 31
00:07:12.760 00:07:12.770 where each number corresponds to a
00:07:15.560 00:07:15.570 specific thickness the correspondence
00:07:19.970 00:07:19.980 between the bwg number and associated
00:07:23.690 00:07:23.700 thickness can be found in several
00:07:26.180 00:07:26.190 publications for example caliber BW g 14
00:07:31.150 00:07:31.160 corresponds to two point one hundred and
00:07:34.160 00:07:34.170 eight millimeters while caliber BW g 16
00:07:39.200 00:07:39.210 corresponds to one point 651 millimeters
00:07:44.749 00:07:44.759 as mentioned before the design and
00:07:48.509 00:07:48.519 calculation of transfer tubes is
00:07:50.459 00:07:50.469 critical for the efficiency of the
00:07:52.829 00:07:52.839 exchanger the first step is to define
00:07:57.959 00:07:57.969 the design code to be used for the tubes
00:08:00.749 00:08:00.759 thickness calculation this is indicated
00:08:04.529 00:08:04.539 in the design code of the heat exchanger
00:08:07.549 00:08:07.559 both the Tama and ATI code require that
00:08:12.329 00:08:12.339 the Asthma code for pressure vessels
00:08:14.519 00:08:14.529 must be followed for the calculation of
00:08:17.129 00:08:17.139 ports under pressure for most
00:08:21.659 00:08:21.669 applications the tip wall thickness is
00:08:24.619 00:08:24.629 obtained using the equations of the
00:08:27.119 00:08:27.129 Asthma code section 8 division 1 for
00:08:30.179 00:08:30.189 cylindrical shells as shown in the
00:08:32.100 00:08:32.110 picture the required thickness is a
00:08:35.819 00:08:35.829 function of the inner radius the design
00:08:40.139 00:08:40.149 pressure the joint efficiency and the
00:08:43.709 00:08:43.719 maximum allowable stress of the material
00:08:46.199 00:08:46.209 at design temperature at the same time
00:08:51.389 00:08:51.399 and independently from the thickness
00:08:53.370 00:08:53.380 required do the calculation transfer
00:08:56.160 00:08:56.170 tubes shall meet the minimum thickness
00:08:58.019 00:08:58.029 requirements included in the design code
00:09:02.540 00:09:02.550 this video is just a quick overview of
00:09:05.460 00:09:05.470 the different contents you have to get
00:09:07.079 00:09:07.089 acquainted with you should check and
00:09:09.629 00:09:09.639 understand the different contents
00:09:11.189 00:09:11.199 mentioned in this video in the study
00:09:13.259 00:09:13.269 notes prior any development remember
00:09:16.590 00:09:16.600 that all concepts dealt with are
00:09:18.650 00:09:18.660 complimentary and that assignments are
00:09:21.030 00:09:21.040 linked keep up with the good work and
00:09:23.910 00:09:23.920 come back for more
00:09:25.079 00:09:25.089 thank you and have a great day

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