00:00:02.600 hey everyone in this video we're going 00:00:04.82000:00:04.830 to learn about the five main building 00:00:06.26000:00:06.270 techniques used to design a super energy 00:00:08.45000:00:08.460 efficient passive house passive house is 00:00:10.85000:00:10.860 a building standard that's used to 00:00:12.41000:00:12.420 design and build homes to be more energy 00:00:14.45000:00:14.460 efficient than a conventional building 00:00:15.74000:00:15.750 they do this by adding extra insulation 00:00:18.23000:00:18.240 in the walls creating a sealed layer 00:00:20.09000:00:20.100 around the building and preventing any 00:00:22.40000:00:22.410 heat from escaping and a whole lot more 00:00:24.08000:00:24.090 we're here at BC I t's high performance 00:00:26.83900:00:26.849 building lab which is a new hands-on 00:00:28.60900:00:28.619 learning space that was created to Train 00:00:30.41000:00:30.420 BC trades people on green building 00:00:32.65900:00:32.669 techniques we're about to meet up with 00:00:34.37000:00:34.380 Sandra and Alex who are two brilliant 00:00:35.84000:00:35.850 people who are also very passionate and 00:00:37.88000:00:37.890 well educated in green buildings and 00:00:39.50000:00:39.510 they're going to tell us how all this 00:00:40.76000:00:40.770 works the Passivhaus standard actually 00:00:47.00000:00:47.010 can reduce your energy consumption for 00:00:49.34000:00:49.350 heating demand by up to 90 percent it's 00:00:52.49000:00:52.500 that much so think about what you get 00:00:54.65000:00:54.660 right you get a you get an extremely 00:00:57.17000:00:57.180 healthy building you know that's usually 00:00:59.02900:00:59.039 the part that people don't really you 00:01:01.31000:01:01.320 can't put that into monetary value but 00:01:03.88900:01:03.899 you do get a very healthy comfortable 00:01:06.56000:01:06.570 building that has impact on your 00:01:09.41000:01:09.420 physical health but also on your mental 00:01:11.92900:01:11.939 health the other one is obviously your 00:01:13.73000:01:13.740 turn on turn off investment on your 00:01:16.03900:01:16.049 energy savings so really again depending 00:01:18.83000:01:18.840 on where you are and what your energy 00:01:20.39000:01:20.400 energy costs are it's a it's a 00:01:23.21000:01:23.220 no-brainer 00:01:23.74900:01:23.759 the costs that you obviously have up 00:01:25.96900:01:25.979 front that you can't deny is you have 00:01:27.95000:01:27.960 more insulation you have better 00:01:29.56900:01:29.579 performing windows but in terms of labor 00:01:32.42000:01:32.430 at the upfront premium would be 00:01:35.74900:01:35.759 somewhere in between 00:01:37.39000:01:37.400 in three to ten percent depending on 00:01:40.63000:01:40.640 where you are you have more than 00:01:41.89000:01:41.900 conventional construction 00:01:43.36000:01:43.370 I believe climate change is real and I 00:01:50.11000:01:50.120 really think we should do something 00:01:51.28000:01:51.290 about it it's the first time that I've 00:01:53.17000:01:53.180 seen something that I think can make a 00:01:54.91000:01:54.920 huge difference it's also the first time 00:01:57.58000:01:57.590 that I've seen something that I 00:01:58.66000:01:58.670 understand everything else is so complex 00:02:02.53000:02:02.540 that unless you have the perfect storm 00:02:05.82000:02:05.830 it will not work and and I've seen that 00:02:10.12000:02:10.130 again and again and again in the 00:02:11.32000:02:11.330 buildings I've worked in in the last 00:02:12.58000:02:12.590 eight years so what gets me really 00:02:14.65000:02:14.660 excited about this is a passive house is 00:02:16.51000:02:16.520 simple when we talk about building 00:02:23.41000:02:23.420 envelope that basically means the walls 00:02:26.50000:02:26.510 the roof the floor the doors and the 00:02:30.07000:02:30.080 windows right so everything that kind of 00:02:32.41000:02:32.420 encloses the building area volume is 00:02:35.53000:02:35.540 called the building envelope when it 00:02:37.57000:02:37.580 comes to the wall in general we have 00:02:40.21000:02:40.220 five layers that are really important in 00:02:42.67000:02:42.680 any kind of wall assembly not only 00:02:44.32000:02:44.330 Passivhaus walls we see several 00:02:46.30000:02:46.310 assemblies that you can use in passive 00:02:48.75900:02:48.769 house construction this one shows the 00:02:52.60000:02:52.610 water shedding layer here then this wood 00:02:55.81000:02:55.820 fiber board is the water resistive area 00:02:58.27000:02:58.280 then you see some blown in cellulose 00:03:00.43000:03:00.440 fill in here between some but normal 2 00:03:04.00000:03:04.010 by 10 which that's the air barrier on 00:03:08.89000:03:08.900 this one is actually this wood fiber 00:03:11.83000:03:11.840 board 00:03:12.46000:03:12.470 taped so when you tape the wood fiber 00:03:14.56000:03:14.570 board it can become your air barrier and 00:03:16.99000:03:17.000 then you can see here is an always be 00:03:19.03000:03:19.040 layer that's oriented strand board if 00:03:21.75900:03:21.769 this is taped is actually in this case 00:03:23.86000:03:23.870 your vapor retarder and then in this 00:03:25.96000:03:25.970 wall assembly we have what they call the 00:03:27.75900:03:27.769 service cavity so that's another 2x4 00:03:30.88000:03:30.890 layer also filled with 00:03:33.66000:03:33.670 insulation not here but in reality the 00:03:37.36000:03:37.370 service layer makes a lot of sense to 00:03:39.46000:03:39.470 half because then you don't have to 00:03:41.62000:03:41.630 penetrate your vapor retarder anymore 00:03:44.17000:03:44.180 when you kind of do your installations 00:03:45.76000:03:45.770 so this is a really recommended wall 00:03:48.55000:03:48.560 assembly you see that the wall is fairly 00:03:52.09000:03:52.100 thick yeah so this is part of the 00:03:54.82000:03:54.830 Passivhaus concept where we focus on the 00:03:57.13000:03:57.140 envelope first passive part of buildings 00:03:59.25900:03:59.269 yeah so we have a super super thick 00:04:01.72000:04:01.730 insulation so one thing I hear a lot and 00:04:04.18000:04:04.190 I wouldn't want to shed some light on is 00:04:06.25000:04:06.260 that a lot of people think I'm gonna 00:04:08.92000:04:08.930 build an airtight house I'm gonna sit in 00:04:11.28900:04:11.299 a plastic bag and it's terrifying that's 00:04:14.17000:04:14.180 exactly what I thought when I built my 00:04:16.09000:04:16.100 first passive house for myself and I 00:04:17.94900:04:17.959 thought I'm gonna sit in a plastic bag 00:04:19.65000:04:19.660 plus they think you can't open the 00:04:22.00000:04:22.010 windows yeah so there's two things in 00:04:23.98000:04:23.990 there that are actually false you can 00:04:26.02000:04:26.030 always open your windows you just don't 00:04:28.06000:04:28.070 have to and you shouldn't during the 00:04:29.56000:04:29.570 healing period and you will not find the 00:04:31.84000:04:31.850 need once you leave once you live in it 00:04:33.64000:04:33.650 because you have the heat recovery 00:04:35.26000:04:35.270 ventilation system but when it comes to 00:04:37.71900:04:37.729 the air tightness and your wall assembly 00:04:39.31000:04:39.320 and and air barrier don't think of it as 00:04:42.61000:04:42.620 a plastic bag let's think of it as 00:04:44.62000:04:44.630 gore-tex you were actually creating a 00:04:47.05000:04:47.060 breathable wall assembly the envelope 00:04:50.44000:04:50.450 gets to that point and it gets so good 00:04:52.57000:04:52.580 that we actually lose our heating system 00:04:55.30000:04:55.310 we don't have a conventional heating 00:04:57.13000:04:57.140 system in a passive house all we have is 00:04:59.26000:04:59.270 our heat recovery ventilation system 00:05:01.18000:05:01.190 plus a minimum of heat supply somewhere 00:05:04.54000:05:04.550 15 kilowatt hours per square meter per 00:05:06.79000:05:06.800 year for a normal single family house 00:05:09.55000:05:09.560 who could achieve that with a hairdryer 00:05:11.38000:05:11.390 one baseboard heater somewhere in your 00:05:13.69000:05:13.700 house is sufficient for heating 00:05:18.16900:05:18.179 so we want to control the airflow and 00:05:21.08900:05:21.099 the passive house building envelope to 00:05:22.97900:05:22.989 control energy heat energy loss to 00:05:25.61900:05:25.629 control unwanted heat gain and to 00:05:28.16900:05:28.179 control infiltration of pollutants and 00:05:30.43900:05:30.449 therefore we actually do need a 00:05:33.29900:05:33.309 continuous air barrier around the 00:05:35.57900:05:35.589 building in here there is different 00:05:37.70900:05:37.719 membranes most likely and then to 00:05:39.86900:05:39.879 connect all these pieces we usually use 00:05:41.90900:05:41.919 high-performing tapes we do air 00:05:46.37900:05:46.389 tightness testing with this equipment as 00:05:48.57000:05:48.580 it's called the blower door test in 00:05:50.33900:05:50.349 simple terms what it is is a 00:05:52.85900:05:52.869 pressurization and depressurization test 00:05:55.73900:05:55.749 of the entire building and you take one 00:05:58.31900:05:58.329 opening from this case it's a door we 00:06:00.29900:06:00.309 took out the door to install the 00:06:02.00900:06:02.019 equipment and it comes with a fan and it 00:06:04.37900:06:04.389 comes with a pressure gauge so you can 00:06:06.86900:06:06.879 put in all your settings you put in the 00:06:08.63900:06:08.649 area of the building you put in the 00:06:10.29000:06:10.300 volume of the building and then when you 00:06:12.56900:06:12.579 pressurize your building you pretty much 00:06:14.54900:06:14.559 blow air into the building and then to 00:06:17.42900:06:17.439 find leaks if if your blower door test 00:06:20.06900:06:20.079 doesn't come out to 0.6 or better you 00:06:22.40900:06:22.419 just go around the seams yeah you could 00:06:26.10000:06:26.110 kind of Tom times you can feel it behind 00:06:28.25900:06:28.269 the seams 00:06:31.31000:06:31.320 check is you kind of go around the 00:06:33.11000:06:33.120 windows and sometimes you can feel the 00:06:36.71000:06:36.720 leaks it's easier to take to detect the 00:06:39.32000:06:39.330 leaks just by hand on the inside when 00:06:42.20000:06:42.210 it's cold outside while my inside it's 00:06:43.91000:06:43.920 easier to feel sometimes you can use 00:06:45.92000:06:45.930 smoke machines to detect leaks that 00:06:49.16000:06:49.170 works quite well if you do so inform 00:06:51.35000:06:51.360 your fire department before they come 00:06:54.17000:06:54.180 because it's it can be big in simple 00:07:02.45000:07:02.460 terms what a thermal bridge does it's it 00:07:05.81000:07:05.820 actually creates a pathway for the 00:07:08.51000:07:08.520 energy and the heat which is the energy 00:07:11.09000:07:11.100 to travel through the envelope from the 00:07:15.11000:07:15.120 inside to the outside it's a continuous 00:07:17.78000:07:17.790 path for energy to go out of the 00:07:20.72000:07:20.730 building so we heat our buildings and 00:07:22.40000:07:22.410 right away it keeps on going out so it's 00:07:24.62000:07:24.630 a it's a it's a huge factor for heat 00:07:27.35000:07:27.360 loss so to deal with the thermal 00:07:29.54000:07:29.550 bridging effect of the of the actual 00:07:32.24000:07:32.250 studs in the wall assembly whenever you 00:07:35.81000:07:35.820 have two layers of insulation and not 00:07:38.09000:07:38.100 one big fat wall like here we have the 00:07:40.49000:07:40.500 main layer and then we have the service 00:07:42.02000:07:42.030 cavity if you do it right the actual 00:07:45.47000:07:45.480 stud that's within this wall assembly 00:07:47.33000:07:47.340 and the stuff that is used for the 00:07:49.94000:07:49.950 service cavity they are offset now so 00:07:52.34000:07:52.350 you don't have that continues in some 00:07:54.44000:07:54.450 thermal bridge but it's offset so it's 00:07:56.66000:07:56.670 interrupted and it's not a thermal 00:07:58.76000:07:58.770 bridge anymore ventilation has to happen 00:08:05.69000:08:05.700 for various reasons three of the major 00:08:07.97000:08:07.980 ones would be smells air pollutants and 00:08:10.63000:08:10.640 humidity and humidity for occupant 00:08:13.85000:08:13.860 comfort and the other 00:08:15.06000:08:15.070 would be protecting the structure from 00:08:17.58000:08:17.590 moisture in a passive house we use a 00:08:21.62000:08:21.630 ventilation system with heat recovery 00:08:24.33000:08:24.340 ventilation so we typically use an HIV 00:08:27.99000:08:28.000 system which means we use controlled 00:08:30.36000:08:30.370 ventilation so we don't just randomly 00:08:32.64000:08:32.650 open our windows which pretty much means 00:08:35.13000:08:35.140 heat loss uncontrolled heat loss but we 00:08:38.73000:08:38.740 have an HIV unit that has very low 00:08:41.88000:08:41.890 energy consumption to run the fans and 00:08:44.19000:08:44.200 it has to have 75% heat recovery 00:08:48.06000:08:48.070 ventilation rate as a minimum so this is 00:08:51.09000:08:51.100 a very common heat recovery ventilation 00:08:53.82000:08:53.830 unit so the way the heat recovery 00:08:55.92000:08:55.930 ventilation units work is to have a 00:08:58.14000:08:58.150 cross flow heat exchanger this is the 00:09:00.87000:09:00.880 actual core I Alice's the actual heat 00:09:03.09000:09:03.100 exchanger it's as simple as that 00:09:05.79000:09:05.800 yeah supplier comes in here extractor 00:09:08.22000:09:08.230 comes in there and in this core the 00:09:10.65000:09:10.660 energy gets exchanged so this is pretty 00:09:12.72000:09:12.730 much the entire mechanical system that 00:09:14.94000:09:14.950 you will find in your house is kind of 00:09:16.53000:09:16.540 if it's a house am obviously bigger ones 00:09:19.32000:09:19.330 are we have bigger ones for multi 00:09:21.27000:09:21.280 residential buildings or for commercial 00:09:23.40000:09:23.410 buildings when you think about windows 00:09:30.57000:09:30.580 have you ever thought about how 00:09:32.40000:09:32.410 incredible windows actually are in terms 00:09:35.04000:09:35.050 of all the functions they actually 00:09:37.38000:09:37.390 fulfill which is pretty much everything 00:09:40.17000:09:40.180 a normal wall assembly fulfills which is 00:09:42.63000:09:42.640 mainly it's a water shutting surface 00:09:45.45000:09:45.460 it's a water resistant barrier it's an 00:09:47.88000:09:47.890 air barrier 00:09:48.87000:09:48.880 it's a vapor barrier and it's insulating 00:09:51.84000:09:51.850 so all that in one piece of element plus 00:09:55.71000:09:55.720 the window is also the only element in 00:09:58.71000:09:58.720 our wall assembly that's not only about 00:10:01.23000:10:01.240 heat loss but also for heat gain so it's 00:10:04.56000:10:04.570 a fairly involved piece of equipment 00:10:07.92000:10:07.930 really orientation of the window with 00:10:10.59000:10:10.600 the right performance and the right size 00:10:12.51000:10:12.520 is really important so South windows are 00:10:15.81000:10:15.820 the best on our side of the earth 00:10:18.02000:10:18.030 east and west not that great because the 00:10:21.71000:10:21.720 sun's really low and goes in into the 00:10:23.90000:10:23.910 building really deep so that is has a 00:10:26.12000:10:26.130 big overheating potential North facing 00:10:29.09000:10:29.100 windows obviously are not really about 00:10:30.80000:10:30.810 heat gain they're all about heat loss 00:10:33.05000:10:33.060 because the Sun we don't have Sun in the 00:10:35.42000:10:35.430 north the window frame is the weakest 00:10:37.49000:10:37.500 part in our entire building envelope in 00:10:40.49000:10:40.500 terms of heat loss you know which is why 00:10:42.83000:10:42.840 in passive house construction we tend to 00:10:45.44000:10:45.450 over insulate the frame as much as we 00:10:47.57000:10:47.580 can thanks for watching this video we 00:10:50.36000:10:50.370 hope you enjoyed learning more about 00:10:51.56000:10:51.570 these green building techniques with us 00:10:53.09000:10:53.100 we'll put a link to the BCIT 00:10:54.65000:10:54.660 high-performance building lab in the 00:10:56.24000:10:56.250 description of this video if you want to 00:10:57.71000:10:57.720 find out more about what's happening 00:10:58.97000:10:58.980 here
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