00:00:00.000 refining begins with a process called 00:00:02.72000:00:02.730 distilling after oil is superheated it 00:00:06.47000:00:06.480 becomes vapor the vapor is fed into the 00:00:09.86000:00:09.870 distillation unit as it rises and cools 00:00:13.12900:00:13.139 the vapor turns back into a liquid using 00:00:17.24000:00:17.250 stacks of trays the liquid is easily 00:00:20.15000:00:20.160 collected and separated by weight the 00:00:24.17000:00:24.180 lighter and medium weight liquids 00:00:26.00000:00:26.010 require less processing before they're 00:00:28.07000:00:28.080 ready to be used in cars and trucks the 00:00:31.22000:00:31.230 heavier liquids need more processing to 00:00:33.53000:00:33.540 become useful 00:00:39.91000:00:39.920 a process called cracking is used to 00:00:45.06900:00:45.079 maximize the usefulness of heavy oil 00:00:47.63900:00:47.649 heavy oil has long strings of carbon and 00:00:50.92000:00:50.930 hydrogen molecules using a catalyst 00:00:55.99000:00:56.000 these molecules can be broken into 00:00:58.53900:00:58.549 smaller chains transforming the heavy 00:01:01.59900:01:01.609 oil into lighter more valuable fluids 00:01:09.21000:01:09.220 reforming is a process that increases 00:01:12.04000:01:12.050 the amount of gasoline produced from 00:01:14.05000:01:14.060 crude oil one of the products separated 00:01:16.77900:01:16.789 in the distilling process is a liquid 00:01:19.12000:01:19.130 called naphtha the number of carbon 00:01:23.10900:01:23.119 atoms in naphtha is about the same as 00:01:25.38900:01:25.399 the number found in gasoline but their 00:01:27.76000:01:27.770 structure is more complex reforming 00:01:30.87000:01:30.880 rearranges the naphtha molecule turning 00:01:34.02900:01:34.039 it into a usable gasoline like molecule 00:01:37.46000:01:37.470 [Music] 00:01:47.20000:01:47.210 blending is a process of mixing 00:01:49.76000:01:49.770 different refinery products to make 00:01:51.64900:01:51.659 finished petroleum fuels gasoline for 00:01:55.49000:01:55.500 example is blended to achieve octane 00:01:58.03900:01:58.049 standards creating the grades of 00:02:00.67900:02:00.689 gasoline you see at the pump regular mid 00:02:03.71000:02:03.720 grade and premium that are necessary to 00:02:05.92900:02:05.939 meet the needs of specific engine types 00:02:08.64000:02:08.65000:02:15.40000:02:15.410 treating is a process used to produce 00:02:18.11000:02:18.120 cleaner gasoline which helps protect 00:02:21.14000:02:21.150 both the environment and our health 00:02:24.49000:02:24.500 gasoline molecules contain impurities 00:02:26.75000:02:26.760 like sulfur that can be removed when the 00:02:30.56000:02:30.570 molecules are heated and come in contact 00:02:33.35000:02:33.360 with a special catalyst a chemical 00:02:36.17000:02:36.180 reaction occurs that strips the sulfur 00:02:38.69000:02:38.700 away these sulfur compounds are used as 00:02:42.50000:02:42.510 fertilizers and in pharmaceuticals 00:02:45.58000:02:45.590 nothing goes to waste in a refinery
Office location
Engineering company LOTUS®
Russia, Ekaterinburg, Lunacharskogo street, 240/12