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What is PETROCHEMICAL What does PETROCHEMICAL mean PETROCHEMICAL meaning & explanation
WEBVTT Kind: captions Language: en
00:00:18.800 petrochemicals also called petroleum 00:00:21.56000:00:21.570 distillates our chemical products 00:00:23.50900:00:23.519 derived from petroleum some chemical 00:00:26.45000:00:26.460 compounds made from petroleum are also 00:00:28.46000:00:28.470 obtained from other fossil fuels such as 00:00:31.37000:00:31.380 coal or natural gas or renewable sources 00:00:34.49000:00:34.500 such as corn or sugarcane the two most 00:00:37.67000:00:37.680 common petrochemical classes are olefins 00:00:40.16000:00:40.170 including ethylene and propylene and 00:00:42.44000:00:42.450 aromatics including benzene to Lewin and 00:00:45.56000:00:45.570 xylene isomers oil refineries produce 00:00:48.79900:00:48.809 olefins and aromatics by fluid catalytic 00:00:51.47000:00:51.480 cracking of petroleum fractions chemical 00:00:54.70900:00:54.719 plants produce olefins by steam cracking 00:00:57.35000:00:57.360 of natural gas liquids like ethane and 00:00:59.66000:00:59.670 propane aromatics are produced by 00:01:02.54000:01:02.550 catalytic reforming of naphtha olefins 00:01:05.57000:01:05.580 and aromatics are the building blocks 00:01:07.67000:01:07.680 for a wide range of materials such as 00:01:09.83000:01:09.840 solvents detergents and adhesives 00:01:13.42000:01:13.430 olefins are the basis for polymers and 00:01:16.21900:01:16.229 oligomer is used in plastics resins 00:01:18.91000:01:18.920 fibers elastomers lubricants and gels 00:01:23.35000:01:23.360 Global ethylene and propylene production 00:01:25.78900:01:25.799 are about 115 million tons and 70 00:01:29.53900:01:29.549 million tonnes per annum respectively 00:01:32.20000:01:32.210 aromatics production is approximately 70 00:01:35.35900:01:35.369 million tonnes the largest petrochemical 00:01:37.96000:01:37.970 industries are located in the USA and 00:01:40.76000:01:40.770 Western Europe however major growth and 00:01:43.99900:01:44.009 new production capacity is in the Middle 00:01:45.98000:01:45.990 East and Asia there is substantial 00:01:48.10000:01:48.110 inter-regional petrochemical trade 00:01:50.67900:01:50.689 primary petrochemicals are divided into 00:01:53.53900:01:53.549 three groups depending on their chemical 00:01:55.58000:01:55.590 structure olefins includes ethylene 00:01:58.24900:01:58.259 propylene and butadiene ethylene and 00:02:01.60900:02:01.619 propylene are important sources of 00:02:03.67900:02:03.689 industrial chemicals and plastics 00:02:05.33000:02:05.340 products butadiene is used in making 00:02:08.71900:02:08.729 synthetic rubber Erin 00:02:10.91000:02:10.920 Maddox includes benzene too Lewin and 00:02:13.25000:02:13.260 xylenes benzene is a raw material for 00:02:16.94000:02:16.950 dyes and synthetic detergents and 00:02:19.01000:02:19.020 benzene and to ruin for isocyanates and 00:02:21.89000:02:21.900 DMD used in making poly urethanes 00:02:24.91000:02:24.920 manufacturers use xylenes to produce 00:02:27.55900:02:27.569 plastics and synthetic fibers synthesis 00:02:30.89000:02:30.900 gas is a mixture of carbon monoxide and 00:02:33.59000:02:33.600 hydrogen used to make ammonia and 00:02:35.44900:02:35.459 methanol ammonia is used to make the 00:02:38.18000:02:38.190 fertilizer urea and methanol is used as 00:02:40.91000:02:40.920 a solvent and chemical intermediate the 00:02:43.72900:02:43.739 prefix petrol is an arbitrary 00:02:45.68000:02:45.690 abbreviation of the word petroleum since 00:02:48.68000:02:48.690 petrol is ancient Greek for rock and 00:02:51.14000:02:51.150 Oleum means oil 00:02:52.78000:02:52.790 therefore the etymologically correct 00:02:55.64000:02:55.650 term would be olio chemicals however the 00:02:59.00000:02:59.010 term oleochemical is used to describe 00:03:01.16000:03:01.170 chemicals derived from plant and animal 00:03:03.62000:03:03.630 fats
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