What is PETROCHEMICAL What does PETROCHEMICAL mean PETROCHEMICAL meaning & explanation

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00:00:18.800
petrochemicals also called petroleum
00:00:21.560 00:00:21.570 distillates our chemical products
00:00:23.509 00:00:23.519 derived from petroleum some chemical
00:00:26.450 00:00:26.460 compounds made from petroleum are also
00:00:28.460 00:00:28.470 obtained from other fossil fuels such as
00:00:31.370 00:00:31.380 coal or natural gas or renewable sources
00:00:34.490 00:00:34.500 such as corn or sugarcane the two most
00:00:37.670 00:00:37.680 common petrochemical classes are olefins
00:00:40.160 00:00:40.170 including ethylene and propylene and
00:00:42.440 00:00:42.450 aromatics including benzene to Lewin and
00:00:45.560 00:00:45.570 xylene isomers oil refineries produce
00:00:48.799 00:00:48.809 olefins and aromatics by fluid catalytic
00:00:51.470 00:00:51.480 cracking of petroleum fractions chemical
00:00:54.709 00:00:54.719 plants produce olefins by steam cracking
00:00:57.350 00:00:57.360 of natural gas liquids like ethane and
00:00:59.660 00:00:59.670 propane aromatics are produced by
00:01:02.540 00:01:02.550 catalytic reforming of naphtha olefins
00:01:05.570 00:01:05.580 and aromatics are the building blocks
00:01:07.670 00:01:07.680 for a wide range of materials such as
00:01:09.830 00:01:09.840 solvents detergents and adhesives
00:01:13.420 00:01:13.430 olefins are the basis for polymers and
00:01:16.219 00:01:16.229 oligomer is used in plastics resins
00:01:18.910 00:01:18.920 fibers elastomers lubricants and gels
00:01:23.350 00:01:23.360 Global ethylene and propylene production
00:01:25.789 00:01:25.799 are about 115 million tons and 70
00:01:29.539 00:01:29.549 million tonnes per annum respectively
00:01:32.200 00:01:32.210 aromatics production is approximately 70
00:01:35.359 00:01:35.369 million tonnes the largest petrochemical
00:01:37.960 00:01:37.970 industries are located in the USA and
00:01:40.760 00:01:40.770 Western Europe however major growth and
00:01:43.999 00:01:44.009 new production capacity is in the Middle
00:01:45.980 00:01:45.990 East and Asia there is substantial
00:01:48.100 00:01:48.110 inter-regional petrochemical trade
00:01:50.679 00:01:50.689 primary petrochemicals are divided into
00:01:53.539 00:01:53.549 three groups depending on their chemical
00:01:55.580 00:01:55.590 structure olefins includes ethylene
00:01:58.249 00:01:58.259 propylene and butadiene ethylene and
00:02:01.609 00:02:01.619 propylene are important sources of
00:02:03.679 00:02:03.689 industrial chemicals and plastics
00:02:05.330 00:02:05.340 products butadiene is used in making
00:02:08.719 00:02:08.729 synthetic rubber Erin
00:02:10.910 00:02:10.920 Maddox includes benzene too Lewin and
00:02:13.250 00:02:13.260 xylenes benzene is a raw material for
00:02:16.940 00:02:16.950 dyes and synthetic detergents and
00:02:19.010 00:02:19.020 benzene and to ruin for isocyanates and
00:02:21.890 00:02:21.900 DMD used in making poly urethanes
00:02:24.910 00:02:24.920 manufacturers use xylenes to produce
00:02:27.559 00:02:27.569 plastics and synthetic fibers synthesis
00:02:30.890 00:02:30.900 gas is a mixture of carbon monoxide and
00:02:33.590 00:02:33.600 hydrogen used to make ammonia and
00:02:35.449 00:02:35.459 methanol ammonia is used to make the
00:02:38.180 00:02:38.190 fertilizer urea and methanol is used as
00:02:40.910 00:02:40.920 a solvent and chemical intermediate the
00:02:43.729 00:02:43.739 prefix petrol is an arbitrary
00:02:45.680 00:02:45.690 abbreviation of the word petroleum since
00:02:48.680 00:02:48.690 petrol is ancient Greek for rock and
00:02:51.140 00:02:51.150 Oleum means oil
00:02:52.780 00:02:52.790 therefore the etymologically correct
00:02:55.640 00:02:55.650 term would be olio chemicals however the
00:02:59.000 00:02:59.010 term oleochemical is used to describe
00:03:01.160 00:03:01.170 chemicals derived from plant and animal
00:03:03.620 00:03:03.630 fats
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